scholarly journals دور المعلومات المحاسبية في مكافحة التهرب الضريبي بالتطبيق على ضرائب الدخل في السودان

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
خليفة عبد الله
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Tax Loss

دور المعلومات المحاسبية في مكافحة التهرب الضريبي بالتطبيق على ضرائب الدخل في السودان The study dealt with the use of accounting information to combat tax evasion. The problem of the research is represented by the fact that there is an income tax loss due to tax evasion in the Sudan. The study aims at investigating the effects of tax evasion in the Sudan and effectiveness of using the accounting information to combat it

Tax evasion in the medical profession An Empirical Study in the General Tax Authority in Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (11) ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
Ramyar Rzgar Ahmed ◽  
Hawkar Qasim Birdawod ◽  
S. Rabiyathul Basariya
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Tax Law ◽  
Degree Of Confidence ◽  
Medical Professions ◽  
Shed Light

The study dealt with tax evasion in the medical profession, where the problem was the existence of many cases of tax evasion, especially tax evasion in the income tax of medical professions. The aim of the study is to try to shed light on the phenomenon of tax evasion and the role of the tax authority in the development of controls and means that reduce the phenomenon of tax evasion. The most important results of the low level of tax awareness and lack of knowledge of the tax law and the unwillingness to read it and the sense of taxpayers unfairness of the tax all lead to an increase in cases of tax evasion and in suggested tightening control and follow-up on the offices of auditors, through the investigation and auditing The reports of certified accountants and the use of computers for this purpose in order to raise the degree of confidence in these reports and bring them closer to the required truth and coordination and cooperation with the Union of Accountants and Auditors and inform them about each case of violations of the auditors and accountants N because of its great influence in the rejection of the organization of the accounts and not to ratify fake accounts lead to show taxpayers accounts on a non-truth in order to tax evasion.

The Effect of Tax Reform on the Dairy Farmer

1973 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
E.L. LaDue ◽  
W.R. Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Tax Reform ◽  
Capital Gains ◽  
Dairy Farmer ◽  
Competitive Disadvantage ◽  
Tax Loss ◽  
Tax Accounting

Recent Congressional testimony has focused on the desirability of eliminating certain income tax “preferences” that are important in agriculture. Specifically, separate proposals have urged that capital gains treatment pertaining to livestock, vineyards and orchards be eliminated and that the cash method of tax accounting no longer be permitted. The justification for these proposals is based on the continued activity of wealthy individuals in tax loss or tax sheltered farming, despite provisions of the Tax Reform Act of 1969 to limit such ventures. Furthermore, it is argued that these tax preferences result in a greater subsidy to the high tax bracket individual than low tax bracket individual and thus place low income bonafide farmers at a competitive disadvantage which could force them out of business.

scholarly journals Does the Tax System Reduce Tax Evasion in Light of the Governance Mechanisms? Evidence From Jordan

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Ashraf Bataineh
Keyword(s):  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Governance Mechanisms ◽  
Official Statistics ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Awareness Level

This study aims to measure the impact of tax system elements on reducing the tax evasion, in light of the governance mechanisms in Jordan. The study sample consists of (140) tax auditors at the Jordanian Income tax and sales department, and to achieve the study objectives the researcher designed a questionnaire and distributed it on the study sample members. Study results show that elements of the tax system (tax legislations, tax administration, and Taxpayer) have a positive impact on reducing the tax evasion, in light of governance mechanisms. study recommends the need to raise the tax awareness level among members of the Taxpayer, work to reduce the continuation of making adjustments on tax laws and legislation, and give a sufficient period of time to ensure that desired economic and social impact being achieved from these adjustments, with the need to announce the official statistics of tax evasion’s figures and ratios, because the unofficial statistics on tax evasion have been tarnished by some exaggeration where work should concentrate on increasing penalties of tax evaders.

scholarly journals Income Tax Disputes Involving Loss Years: Pitfalls, Foibles, and Possible Reforms

2019 ◽  
pp. 499-531
Author(s):  
Michael H. Lubetsky
Keyword(s):  
Income Tax ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Tax Court ◽  
Tax Loss

Tax disputes involving losses can be challenging to resolve owing to two longstanding principles, commonly known as "the nil assessment rule" and "the <i>New St James</i> principle." The nil assessment rule bars taxpayers from objecting to assessments that result in no tax being payable--including both loss years and profitable years where income is completely offset by carryovers. The <i>New St James</i> principle provides, essentially, that loss years or years with no tax payable never become statute-barred. Because the nil assessment rule and the <i>New St James</i> principle can prevent the resolution of disputes over tax loss balances in a timely manner, Parliament amended the Income Tax Act in 1977 so as to allow, in certain situations, for the issuance by the minister of national revenue of a notice of determination of losses (NODL) for a given taxation year. Once issued, a NODL can be objected to or appealed in basically the same manner as an assessment and, subject to any objection or appeal, becomes binding upon the minister and the taxpayer. However, the existence of a parallel but distinct system for resolving loss disputes leaves gaps that result in a range of procedural traps for taxpayers. Taxpayers caught in these traps can potentially end up losing their rights to object to or appeal disputed income adjustments, reviving statute-barred issues, or being required to pay arrears interest on extinguished tax debts. This article explores some of these traps, showing how they arise and what a taxpayer might do to avoid being caught by them. It also discusses whether the time has come to reform the nil assessment rule and/or the <i>New St James</i> principle so as to allow disputes involving losses to be resolved more readily by the Tax Court of Canada, and proposes several possible reforms.

scholarly journals The Relative Tax Gap Hypothesis: An Exploratory Analysis and Application to U.S. Financial Markets

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-52
Author(s):  
Richard J. Cebula
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rate ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Real Interest Rate ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
Tax Gap

This study empirically investigates the “relative tax gap hypothesis,” which posits that the greater the size of the relative tax gap, the greater the degree to which the U.S. Treasury must borrow from domestic and/or other credit markets and hence the higher the ex ante real interest rate yield on the Bellwether 30 year U.S. Treasury bond. The study uses the most current data available for computing what is referred to here as the “relative tax gap,” which is the ratio of the aggregate tax gap (the loss in federal income tax revenue resulting from personal income tax evasion) to the GDP level. For each year of the study period, the nominal value of the tax gap is scaled by the nominal GDP level and expressed as a percentage. The study period runs from 1982 through 2016, reflecting data availability for all of the variables. The estimation results provide strong support for the hypothesis. In addition, in separate estimations, evidence is provided that the relative tax gap also acts to elevate the ex ante real interest rate yield on Moody’s Baa-rated long-term corporate bonds. It logically follows, then, that to the extent that a greater relative tax gap leads to higher ex ante real interest rates, it may contribute to the crowding out of corporate investment in new plant equipment associated heretofore with government budget deficits per se.

The Impact of Income Tax Withholding Position and Stock Position on the Sale of Stock

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Falsetta ◽  
Richard A. White
Keyword(s):  
Decision Process ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Primary Factor ◽  
Disposition Effect ◽  
Tax Loss ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Baseline Experiment

The objective of this study is to investigate the effect that stock position (gain or loss) and income tax withholding position (tax payment or tax refund) have on the sale of stock at the end of the year. Prior investigations of stock position have shown that individuals are more likely to sell gain stocks and hold loss stocks (e.g., the disposition effect). However, studies also have found this pattern of behavior to reverse at year-end in an effort to reduce tax liabilities. We conduct two experiments (baseline and primary) to compare the sell or hold decision of participants with either a gain or loss stock. Results of the baseline experiment confirm the disposition effect. However, when participants become more sensitive to tax considerations, the results of the primary experiment support the tax-loss selling hypothesis. That is, participants tend to sell loss stocks and hold gain stocks. These results, while consistent with the tax-loss selling hypothesis, are contrary to the disposition effect, indicating that these effects are strongest when tax considerations are not a primary factor in the decision process. Furthermore, contrary to expectations, participants are not influenced by income tax withholding position. Their propensity to sell loss stocks relative to gain stocks at year-end is the same whether they are faced with a tax payment or a tax refund.

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