scholarly journals Parkinson's disease dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies – epidemiology, risk factors and biomarkers

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eirik Auning ◽  
Arvid Rongve ◽  
Dag Aarsland
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Dementia With Lewy Bodies ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Alpha Synuclein ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease Dementia ◽  
Autonomic Disturbances

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) are common and debilitating dementia syndromes accompanied by Parkinsonism and a range of other psychiatric, sleep and autonomic disturbances. Disease mechanisms are unknown, but aggregated Lewy bodies containing alpha-synuclein are believed to play a central role in the pathogenesis. Point-prevalence of dementia in Parkinson's disease (PD) is approximately 30%, and the majority develop dementia as the disease progresses. Recent studies suggest that 25-30% of non-demented PD patients have mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 15-20% already have it at the time of the diagnosis. PD-MCI is a strong predictor of PDD. There are few welldesigned epidemiological studies of DLB, but available evidence suggests that 15-20% of the total dementia population have DLB. Predicting future cognitive impairment is a priority, but the pre-dementia stage of DLB is essentially unexplored. Promising biomarkers are being researched, but, given the complexity of this disease, a multimodal approach is more likely to permit diagnostic precision in the future.

scholarly journals Combined Analysis of CSF Tau, Aβ42, Aβ1–42% and Aβ1–40ox% in Alzheimer's Disease, Dementia with Lewy Bodies and Parkinson's Disease Dementia

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko Bibl ◽  
Hermann Esselmann ◽  
Piotr Lewczuk ◽  
Claudia Trenkwalder ◽  
Markus Otto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Dementia With Lewy Bodies ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Alpha Synuclein ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease Dementia ◽  
Sds Page

We studied the diagnostic value of CSF Aβ42/tau versus low Aβ1–42% and high Aβ1–40ox% levels for differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), respectively. CSF of 45 patients with AD, 15 with DLB, 21 with Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD), and 40 nondemented disease controls (NDC) was analyzed by Aβ-SDS-PAGE/immunoblot and ELISAs (Aβ42 and tau). Aβ42/tau lacked specificity in discriminating AD from DLB and PDD. Best discriminating biomarkers were Aβ1–42% and Aβ1–40ox% for AD and DLB, respectively. AD and DLB could be differentiated by both Aβ1–42% and Aβ1–40ox% with an accuracy of 80% at minimum. Thus, we consider Aβ1–42% and Aβ1–40ox% to be useful biomarkers for AD and DLB, respectively. We propose further studies on the integration of Aβ1–42% and Aβ1–40ox% into conventional assay formats. Moreover, future studies should investigate the combination of Aβ1–40ox% and CSF alpha-synuclein for the diagnosis of DLB.

Generalized Rhythmic Delta Activity Frontally Predominant Differentiates Dementia With Lewy Bodies From Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease Dementia: A Conventional Electroencephalography Visual Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 155005942199714
Author(s):  
Lucia Zinno ◽  
Anna Negrotti ◽  
Chiara Falzoi ◽  
Giovanni Messa ◽  
Matteo Goldoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Dementia With Lewy Bodies ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Delta Activity ◽  
Rhythmic Delta Activity

Introduction. An easily accessible and inexpensive neurophysiological technique such as conventional electroencephalography may provide an accurate and generally applicable biomarker capable of differentiating dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) from Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease-associated dementia (PDD). Method. We carried out a retrospective visual analysis of resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) recording of 22 patients with a clinical diagnosis of 19 probable and 3 possible DLB, 22 patients with probable AD and 21 with PDD, matched for age, duration, and severity of cognitive impairment. Results. By using the grand total EEG scoring method, the total score and generalized rhythmic delta activity frontally predominant (GRDAfp) alone or, even better, coupled with a slowing of frequency of background activity (FBA) and its reduced reactivity differentiated DLB from AD at an individual level with an high accuracy similar to that obtained with quantitative EEG (qEEG). GRDAfp alone could also differentiate DLB from PDD with a similar level of diagnostic accuracy. AD differed from PDD only for a slowing of FBA. The duration and severity of cognitive impairment did not differ between DLB patients with and without GRDAfp, indicating that this abnormal EEG pattern should not be regarded as a disease progression marker. Conclusions. The findings of this investigation revalorize the role of conventional EEG in the diagnostic workup of degenerative dementias suggesting the potential inclusion of GRDAfp alone or better coupled with the slowing of FBA and its reduced reactivity, in the list of supportive diagnostic biomarkers of DLB.

A-21 Neuropsychological Differentiation of Dementia with Lewy Bodies and Parkinson’s Disease Dementia

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1062-1062
Author(s):  
Bailey E McDonald ◽  
Samantha Spagna ◽  
Charles Golden
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Dementia With Lewy Bodies ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease Dementia ◽  
Figure Test

Abstract Objective To determine whether or not distinct neuropsychological profiles could be created to aid in earlier detection in Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) and Parkinson’s Disease Dementia (PDD). Data Selection A literature review was conducted informally to search for articles pertaining to neuropsychological testing with individuals with DLB or PDD that were dated within the past fifteen years. Data Synthesis Results indicated DLB typically has greater impairment in executive functioning, visuospatial, and attention in comparison to PDD. More specifically, individuals with DLB had significantly worse results on the Rey Complex Figure Test Copy Trial and Digit Span Forward than individuals with PDD. PDD was shown to typically have greater impairment in motor symptoms in comparison to DLB. These impairments, however, depend on the severity of disease progression. Conclusions In conclusion, DLB and PDD have very similar neuropsychological deficits, with greater deficits observed in executive functioning, visuospatial, and attention for individuals with DLB. Overall, majority of the literature is unsure of concrete diagnostic criteria for both individuals with DLB and PDD. This inconsistency has led the comparison of overall research to also been quite difficult as well. Future studies should try to control for medication and comorbidities, as well as include larger and more diverse samples with a full neuropsychological battery to include all domains of functioning. By doing this, the focus will shift more to on early detection and prevention of DLB and PDD and therefore reduce the financial burden of a neurocognitive disorder and the strain of caregiving that is usually placed within on the family.

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