scholarly journals Domesticating Homecare Services; Vehicle Route Problem Solver Displaced

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Melind Bergschöld
Keyword(s):  
Financial Control ◽  
Problem Solver ◽  
Vehicle Route Problem ◽  
Vehicle Route ◽  
Route Problem ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Everyday Work ◽  
Problem Solvers ◽  
Optimal Driving

<p>This article presents a case study of a vehicle route problem solver in the context of homecare work. Vehicle route problem solvers are technologies that calculate geographically rational driving routes. Primarily framed as tools for financial control, they have been tested in homecare services with good results under controlled circumstances. However, they have not been studied as part of users’ everyday work after implementation. The case study shows how, through processes of domestication, the vehicle route problem solver becomes unable to provide homecare workers with ‘optimal’ driving routes. Additionally, it shows how this ‘malfunction’ renders it understood as inconsequential to the very activities it was designed to support which ultimately leads to its removal from driving route production processes. The results highlight the importance of carefully studying how vehicle route problem solvers and other technologies interact with the everyday lives of those who are meant to benefit from them.</p>

scholarly journals Optimization of Earthwork Allocation Path as Vehicle Route Problem Based on Genetic Algorithm

2020 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 04057
Author(s):  
Naifu Deng ◽  
Xuyang Li ◽  
Yanmin Su
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Vehicle Route Problem ◽  
Vehicle Route ◽  
Route Problem ◽  
Modified Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Global Optimal ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Engineering Projects

In civil engineering, earthwork, prior to the construction of most engineering projects, is a lengthy and time-consuming work involving iterative processes. The cost of many AEC (Architecture, Engineering and Construction) projects is highly dependent on the efficiency of earthworks (e.g. road, embankment, railway and slope engineering). Therefore, designing proper earthwork planning is of importance. This paper simplifies the earthwork allocation problem to Vehicle Route Problem (VRP) which is commonly discussed in the field of transportation and logistics. An optimization model for the earthwork allocation path based on the modified Genetic Algorithm with a self-adaptive mechanism is developed to work out the global optimal hauling path for earthwork. The research results also instruct the initial topographic shaping of the Winter Olympic Skiing Courses Project. Furthermore, this optimization model is highly compatible with other evolutionary algorithms due to its flexibility, therefore, further improvement in this model is feasible and practical.

Knowledge Elicitation to Understand Resilience: A Method and Findings From a Health Care Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudeep Hegde ◽  
Aaron Z. Hettinger ◽  
Rollin J. Fairbanks ◽  
John Wreathall ◽  
Seth A. Krevat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Approaches To Learning ◽  
Knowledge Elicitation ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Everyday Work ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Different Levels

Resilience engineering (RE) has ushered new approaches to learning about work in complex sociotechnical systems. In terms of improving safety, RE marks a shift from the traditional approach of retrospectively investigating adverse events, toward learning proactively about patterns in everyday work, including how things go well. This study applied the RE framework to the health care domain, by developing and implementing a new knowledge-elicitation protocol to learn about how frontline care providers achieve safe and effective patient care in their everyday work. Eighteen participants, including physicians, nurses, residents, and clinical leaders from a range of specialties, were interviewed using the new protocol. Qualitative analysis of the data revealed multiple themes and patterns which underlie resilient functioning of individuals, teams, and the organization as a whole. Further, a Resilience Mapping Framework (RMF) was developed based on major thematic categories to systematically represent and map various resilient capabilities—monitoring, anticipating, responding, and learning—across different levels of system scale, from the individual to the organizational. This study demonstrates new methods to identify and represent resilience not just during salient and critical “events,” but across the continuum of situations, from the everyday “normal” functioning to the critical.

scholarly journals Pengembangan Varian Model Vehicle Route Problem (VRP) Untuk Penentuan Rute Angkutan Laut Penumpang Studi Kasus Pt. Pelni (Persero)

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Imbang Danandjojo ◽  
B Kombaitan ◽  
Idwan Santoso ◽  
Ibnu Syabri
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Vehicle Route Problem ◽  
Vehicle Route ◽  
Route Problem ◽  
Nearest Neighborhood ◽  
Genetic Algorithm Model

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan varian modelVRP untuk menyusun rute angkutan umum penumpang. Sebagai bahan pertimbangan adalah karakteristik rutenya tertutup yang berawal dan berakhir pada terminal atau pangkalan yang sama, karakteristik pelanggannya deterministik dengan volume permintaan layanan tetap dan dalam kurun waktu saturound trip tertentu, serta karakteristik kendaraan yang dioperasikan memiliki variasi kapasitas dan biaya operasi. Rute disusun untuk memperoleh efisiensi biaya operasional yang optimal, setiap jalur yang ada dalam jaringan pelayanan dilewati tepat satu kali dengan alasan pemberian frekuensi layanan yang sama untuk setiaplink pergerakan penumpang. Penyusunan rute dilakukan melalui dua tahap, yaitu tahap inisialisasi dengan pendekatan metoda Nearest Addition atau Nearest Neighborhood Heuristic dan tahap perbaikan dengan pendekatan metoda Genetic Algorithm. Model ini belum mempertimbangkan adanya pola rute dengan naik-turun penumpang yang dinamis, serta kecepatan dan waktu tempuh kendaraan yang bersifat stokastik, permintaan pergerakan penumpang setiap jalur yang bersifat stokastik, ataupun jumlah pelabuhan dalam jaringan pelayanan yang bersifat stokastik. Sehingga membuka peluang penelitian lebih lanjut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan penyusunan ulang rute pelayanan kapal-kapal milik PELNI, total biaya operasional seluruh kapal dapat ditekan jauh lebih efisien hingga mencapai 64,38% dari total biaya aktual. Sedangkan dari sisi total jarak tempuh, dapat ditekan lebih efektif hingga mencapai 59,64% dari total jarak tempuh aktual. Kata kunci: VRP, angkutan laut penumpang, efisiensi biaya, efektivitas jaringan

scholarly journals Reuse of constraint knowledge bases and problem solvers explored in engineering design

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M.D. Gray ◽  
Trevor Runcie ◽  
Derek Sleeman
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Parametric Design ◽  
Knowledge Engineering ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Problem Solver ◽  
Task Structure ◽  
Data Tables ◽  
Propagation Technique ◽  
Problem Solvers

AbstractReuse has long been a major goal of the knowledge engineering community. We present a case study of the reuse of constraint knowledge acquired for one problem solver, by two further problem solvers. For our analysis, we chose a well-known benchmark knowledge base (KB) system written in CLIPS, which was based on the propose and revise problem-solving method and which had a lift/elevator KB. The KB contained four components, including constraints and data tables, expressed in an ontology that reflects the propose and revise task structure. Sufficient trial data was extracted manually to demonstrate the approach on two alternative problem solvers: a spreadsheet (Excel) and a constraint logic solver (ECLiPSe). The next phase was to implement ExtrAKTor, which automated the process for the whole KB. Each KB that is processed results in a working system that is able to solve the corresponding configuration task (and not only for elevators). This is in contrast to earlier work, which produced abstract formulations of the problem-solving methods but which were unable to perform reuse of actual KBs. We subsequently used the ECLiPSe solver on some more demanding vertical transport configuration tasks. We found that we had to use a little-known propagation technique described by Le Provost and Wallace (1991). Further, our techniques did not use any heuristic “fix”’ information, yet we successfully dealt with a “thrashing” problem that had been a key issue in the original vertical transit work. Consequently, we believe we have developed a widely usable approach for solving this class of parametric design problem, by applying novel constraint-based problem solvers to data and formulae stored in existing KBs.

Professional employees’ strategic employment of the managerial logic in healthcare

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Gadolin
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Everyday Work ◽  
Professional Employees ◽  
Professional Power

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe and analyze how physicians and nurses strategically employ the managerial logic.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative case study incorporating interviews and observations.FindingsNeither physicians nor nurses were prone to strategically employing the managerial logic. However, when doing so nurses were able to acknowledge the legitimacy of managerial impact on practice, whereas the physicians were not. Consequently, physicians might find other, more subtle, ways to strategically employ the managerial logic.Originality/valueThis paper argues for and makes explicit the applicability of qualitative methods in order to delineate actors’ strategic use of available and accessible institutional logics, the conditions for such usage, as well as the multiplicity of actors’ interactions that needs to be taken into account when conducting qualitative data analysis of such occurrences. By the merits of the qualitative research approach utilized in this study, novel insights concerning the strategic use of the managerial logic in the everyday work of physicians and nurses were obtainable. These insights emphasize the necessity of acknowledging situational, organizational and institutional context, incorporating inter-professional power discrepancies and relationsvis-à-vismanagers.

Research on Emergency Supplies Scheduling Problem with Robust Optimization Approach

2013 ◽  
Vol 694-697 ◽  
pp. 3462-3465
Author(s):  
Dong Qing Jiang ◽  
Qun Xiong Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Robust Optimization ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Scheduling Problem ◽  
Paper Study ◽  
Vehicle Route Problem ◽  
Vehicle Route ◽  
Route Problem ◽  
Robust Counterpart

This paper study multiple warehouses emergency supplies dispatch problem. Emergency dispatch vehicles route problem is different from traditional vehicle route problem, it does not take minimization freight, driving distance or driving total time as the goal, but take a minimization unmet needs and delay time as the goal. We use robust operator to transfer multiple warehouses emergency dispatch model into robust counterpart model, and verifying the correctness of the model with number experiment.

Striking Factory and Strike of Consciousness in the Work of S. M. Eisenstein

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elen Vogman
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Everyday Work ◽  
Political Model

The Soviet Union of the 1920s produces and supports multiple connections between the policy of work in factories and the research in medical, neurological, and collective physiology. The theatrical and cinematic work of S. M. Eisenstein forms a specific prism where these interconnections appear in a spectrum of concrete attempts to engage the factory as an aesthetic and political model. The factory as a concrete topos which Eisenstein exploits in Gas Masks and Strike questions the interrelations between the human body and machine in a new iconology of a striking factory. For the duration of the Strike, the factory is represented beyond any functionality: the workers’ body movements and gestures are all the more expressive the less they have to do with their everyday work. This modulated status of production appears in Capital, Eisenstein’s unfulfilled project to realize Marx’s political economy with methods of inner monologue invented by Joyce. This last project transfigures the factory strike into the structure of cinematographic thinking where the neuro-sensorial stimuli constantly strike the logic of the everyday consciousness in the non-personal, polyphonic, and intimate monologue.

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