Ovarian remnant syndrome: revascularization of free-floating ovarian tissue in the feline abdominal cavity

2001 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
GA DeNardo ◽  
K Becker ◽  
NO Brown ◽  
S Dobbins
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Intact Female ◽  
Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin ◽  
Vaginal Cytology ◽  
Serum Gonadotropin ◽  
Stimulation Of

Nine, healthy, intact female domestic shorthair cats were ovariohysterectomized. At the time of surgery and following removal, the major portion of one ovary was loosely sutured to the mesentery and replaced in the abdominal cavity. Six months later, an abdominal laparotomy was performed in order to retrieve the ovarian remnants. Histopathological examination of the remnants showed viable tissue and evidence of ovarian follicles or corpora lutea in eight of nine (88.9%) cats. The ninth ovarian remnant was atrophied and fibrotic. Measurement of serum estradiol and progesterone, vaginal cytology, and stimulation of estrus and ovulation with a protocol using pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) followed by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) were unreliable indicators of ovarian activity in this study. Revitalization of an ovarian remnant was shown to occur in the absence of surgical implantation.

12 PHARMACOLOGICAL STIMULATION OF OVULATION IN THE BLACK FLYING-FOX (PTEROPUS ALECTO)

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 106
Author(s):  
D. F. Melville ◽  
E. G. Crichton ◽  
G. M. O'Brien ◽  
S. D. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Single Injection ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin ◽  
Pharmacological Stimulation ◽  
Serum Gonadotropin ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Flying Fox ◽  
Sydney Australia

Artificial insemination (AI) involves the accurate detection of oestrus, the ability to pharmacologically induce ovulation, or both. This is particularly important in flying-foxes (Pteropus spp.) that do not have an overt behavioural oestrus. Pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) stimulates folliculogenesis and ovulation in the Little Red Flying-fox (P. scapulatus; Towers PA and Martin L 1985 Proc. Aust. Soc. Reprod. Biol. 17, 115). In this study, a dose rate of 15 IU PMSG was used. Our study investigated if 15 IU PMSG would sufficiently induce ovulation in the larger, Black Flying-fox (P. alecto) or if a higher dose (30 IU) would be necessary. Before the mating season, a single injection of PMSG (Folligon®, Intervet Australia Pty Ltd, Bendigo East, Australia) was administered i.m. to eight adult females at 15 IU (n = 4) or 30 IU (n = 4) on Day 0. On Day 4, semen was collected by electro-ejaculation from adult males and inseminated intravaginally into females under isoflurane (Forthane®, Abbott Australasia Pty Ltd, Sydney, Australia) anaesthesia. Ovaries and reproductive tracts were surgically removed on Day 6, fixed, serially sectioned and stained using Gomori’s Stain. Histological sections were examined for evidence of ovarian activity and the presence of ova and spermatozoa in the reproductive tracts. Preliminary observations showed evidence of ovulation in both groups in the form of at least one CL in either ovary and an ovum in the ipsilateral oviduct or uterine horn. Ovaries of females stimulated with 30 IU PMSG differed noticeably from those treated with 15 IU in containing multiple, large, collapsed luteinized follicles with retained oocytes. Vascularization and glandular hypertrophy of the endometrium was also more evident in the higher dose group. No spermatozoa were observed in any of the excised tracts. These results suggest that whereas both doses of PMSG induce ovulation, the administration of 30 IU PMSG may over-stimulate the ovaries. This, in turn, could lead to an unphysiological environment for successful fertilization and embryonic development. A dose level of 15 IU or slightly above may be sufficient for subsequent attempts to stimulate folliculogenesis and ovulation in P. alecto. The absence of spermatozoa suggests that the site of insemination, the number of spermatozoa inseminated, or both requires further investigation if AI is to be successfully implemented in these species. We conclude that the ovarian responses to PMSG indicate that pharmacological induction of ovulation can be successfully achieved and thereby utilized in AI programs of endangered Pteropus species.

ABSENCE OF COMPENSATORY OVARIAN HYPERTROPHY IN RATS WITH ANTERIOR HYPOTHALAMIC LESIONS

1961 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Béla Flerkó ◽  
Vera Bárdos
Keyword(s):  
Essential Role ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Vaginal Smear ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Vaginal Smears ◽  
Hypothalamic Area ◽  
Unilateral Ovariectomy ◽  
Hypothalamic Lesions ◽  
Oestrogen Level ◽  
Stimulation Of

ABSTRACT Absence of compensatory ovarian hypertrophy in »constant oestrus rats« from lesions in the anterior hypothalamic area suggests that nervous elements localized in this region play an essential role in the stimulation of gonadotrophin output by diminution of the blood oestrogen level. The constant vaginal oestrus after unilateral ovariectomy in the majority of animals was, however, repeatedly interrupted by vaginal smears of a dioestrous type. The appearance of a dioestrous vaginal smear in the »hypothalamic constant oestrus rats« is often associated with some luteinisation. It is assumed that diminution of the blood oestrogen level by reduction of ovarian tissue in these animals may bring about a release of LH sufficient to cause formation of corpora lutea.

scholarly journals Delayed first cycle in intrauterine growth-retarded and postnatally undernourished female rats: follicular growth and ovulation after stimulation with pregnant mare serum gonadotropin at first cycle

2002 ◽  
Vol 173 (2) ◽  
pp. 297-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Engelbregt ◽  
MM van Weissenbruch ◽  
C Popp-Snijders ◽  
HA Delemarre-van de Waal
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Restriction ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Vaginal Opening ◽  
Follicular Growth ◽  
Antral Follicles ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin ◽  
Serum Gonadotropin

In the present study we examined the consequences of intrauterine growth retardation and postnatal food restriction on the maturational process of sexual development by studying onset of first cycle. In addition, we investigated the effect of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) on ovarian growth and ovulation in intrauterine growth-retarded (IUGR) and postnatally food-restricted (PFR) rats. Intrauterine growth retardation was induced by uterine artery ligation on day 17 of gestation and food restriction was achieved by enlarging the litter to 20 pups per mother from day 2 after birth until weaning (day 24). In control rats, vaginal opening and the first cycle took place on the same day. In IUGR rats, uncoupling occurred between vaginal opening and the first cycle. Vaginal opening was delayed (P<0.05) and the first cycle was even further delayed (P<0.01) compared with controls. Body weight in IUGR rats was lower (P<0.05) at vaginal opening, but at first cycle and after stimulation with 50 IU PMSG in the first cycle it was similar to that in controls. In the ovaries of IUGR rats, the numbers of primordial (P<0.05), growing (P<0.01) and antral follicles (P<0.01), and the total number of follicles (P<0.01) were lower than in controls after stimulation with 50 IU PMSG at first cycle. The number of corpora lutea in the ovaries of the IUGR rats and the controls was similar and reflected superovulation. In the PFR rats, vaginal opening occurred at the same time as in control rats, but at a lower body weight (P<0.01). First cycle was much delayed (P<0.01), by which time body weight was greater (P<0.01) than that of controls at first cycle. On the basis of the differences in weight and age between PFR rats and controls at first cycle, we performed two studies. In study A, ovaries were analysed histologically 42 h after stimulation with PMSG at first cycle of control rats and age-matched PFR rats. In study B, the ovaries of PFR rats at first cycle and age-matched control rats were examined 42 h after PMSG stimulation. In the ovaries of the PFR rats in study A, a greater total number of follicles (P<0.05) was observed, represented by a greater number of primordial follicles (P<0.01) and a lower number of antral follicles (P<0.05), including corpora lutea. The number of corpora lutea in the ovaries of the PFR rats was significantly lower than that in controls (P<0.01). The total number of follicles in the ovaries of the PFR rats of study B did not differ from the age-matched controls after PMSG stimulation at first cycle, and neither did the number of the follicles in the different classes. We conclude that, in IUGR rats at first cycle, PMSG can induce multiple follicular growth and development followed by superovulation comparable to that in controls, despite a decreased total number of follicles in the ovaries. However, in PFR rats of the same age, the ovary is not capable of responding adequately to PMSG, despite a greater total number of follicles. Stimulation with PMSG at first cycle resulted in follicular growth and superovulation comparable to those in age-matched controls. Undernutrition in different critical time periods around birth in the rat leads to ovarian development in such a way that, in both groups, an increased risk of reduced reproductive capacity can be expected.

scholarly journals Histomorphometric Evaluation of Superovulation Effect on Follicular Development after Autologous Ovarian Transplantation in Mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Tamadon ◽  
Alireza Raayat Jahromi ◽  
Farhad Rahmanifar ◽  
Mohammad Ayaseh ◽  
Omid Koohi-Hosseinabadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autologous Transplantation ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Ovarian Volume ◽  
Ovarian Transplantation ◽  
Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin ◽  
Serum Gonadotropin ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Over Time

The effect of superovulation by pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) on autologous transplanted ovaries in the lumbar muscles of mice was histomorphometrically evaluated using the indices of number and volume of different kind of follicles and volume of corpora lutea, ovary, and stroma. Angiogenesis was observed after mouse ovarian transplantation on days 14 and 21 after ovarian grafting. After transplantation, the total number and volume of primary and secondary follicles reduced, while PMSG superovulation increased the total number and total volume of tertiary follicles and also the ovarian volume after transplantation. Transplantation increased the average size of primary, secondary, and tertiary follicles. Therefore, primary and secondary follicles can survive after autologous transplantation but their reservations diminished by increasing the time of transplantation. However, number of tertiary follicles and their response to superovulation increased over time after transplantation.

Interaction of PGF2α with prolactin on the release of cyclic AMP and progesterone from the isolated perfused ovary of the pregnant mare serum gonadotropin-treated rat

1986 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 410-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Sogn ◽  
Gun Abrahamsson ◽  
Per O. Janson
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Site Of Action ◽  
Serum Gonadotropin ◽  
Rat Ovary ◽  
Camp Formation ◽  
Isolated Rat ◽  
Stimulation Of

Abstract. A newly developed model for perfusion of the isolated rat ovary was employed to study the interactions of Prl with PGF2α in respect to the effects of LH on cAMP formation and progesterone production in the 5 day old corpus luteum of the PMSG-treated rat. An inhibitory effect of PGF2α on both basal and LH stimulated progesterone secretion was found. This block also involved inhibition of the ovarian cAMP release which was not associated with a reduction of the flow of the medium to the ovary. When Prl was present in the medium the PGF2α block of LH-induced cAMP release was reversed. However, Prl failed to restore block of LH stimulation of progesterone secretion in 4 out of 9 experiments, indicating an additional site of action of PGF2α distal to the cAMP in these experiments.

Stimulation of seasonally anovular mule ewes by rams

1989 ◽  
Vol 1989 ◽  
pp. 57-57
Author(s):  
H. F. Ibraheem ◽  
M. E. King ◽  
J. S. M. Hutchinson ◽  
G. J. Gunn ◽  
L. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Seasonal Activity ◽  
Short Supply ◽  
Serum Gonadotropin ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Activity Groups ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Stimulation Of

Early lamb production is a specialist enterprise in which profitability is highly dependent on getting all the lambs sold while prices are still high in Spring when lamb is in short supply. This involves lambing in late December/early January. Hence ewes must be mated in August. Conventionally in the UK, this has been achieved by the use of progesterone-impregnated sponges and pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG). The ram effect is a powerful technique for the control of sheep reproduction. The objective of the present study was to reinvestigate the value of teasers for the stimulation of seasonal activity in the ewe.125 (2-3 yr) Mule ewes (Blue-faced Leicester x Swaledale or Blackface), isolated from rams for two months, were used to investigate the effect of different durations of teasing on the stimulation of seasonal activity. Groups of 25 ewes were exposed to either teaser vasectomised rams and teaser ovariectomised ewes (induced into behavioural oestrus by an intramuscular injection of 0.2 mg of oestradiol benzoate) for 1 month (group l), 3 weeks (group 2) and 2 weeks (group 3); or vasectomised rams only for 2 weeks (group4); or left untreated (group 5). At the imposition of treatments, groups were isolated from each other and from contact with other 3heep by a distance of at least 1 km. Plasma progesterone was measured twice weekly on 8 animals, per group to determine ovarian activity.

FOLLICULAR AND LUTEAL FUNCTION IN THE PUBERAL RAT: GONADOTROPHIC HORMONE STIMULATION AND ENZYMIC-NUCLEOTIDE INTERACTIONS

1975 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
JoAnne S. (Hunter) Richards
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Lh Surge ◽  
Luteal Function ◽  
Nucleotide Interactions ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Follicular Activity

ABSTRACT Using the puberal rat and the PMS-treated rat as animal systems, ovarian events associated with follicular and luteal development have been characterized by measuring gonadotrophic hormone (LH, FSH and prolactin) and progesterone concentrations in peripheral serum; and selected enzymic (NAD-kinase:NAD-K and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase: G6PD) activities and nucleotide (NAD, NADH, NADP, NADPH, ATP) concentrations in ovarian tissue. In the puberal rat, the period of follicular development was characterized by increased ovarian NAD-K SA, NAD and NADH concentrations and decreased ATP and NADP concentrations. The first pro-oestrus was characterized by greatly elevated LH, FSH, prolactin and progesterone concentrations, significant decreases in ovarian NAD-K SA, NAD, NADP and ATP concentrations, and an increase in NADPH concentrations. The development of new corpora lutea was associated with striking increases in ovarian NAD-K SA and G6PD SA. Increased activity of both enzymes exhibited a significant positive coefficient of correlation with the number of corpora lutea contained within the ovarian tissue. PMS (4 IU) stimulation of follicular activity resulted in events leading to the induction of an endogenous LH surge and ovulation. Associated with increased follicular activity was increased ovarian NAD-K SA. In contrast to the puberal rat, no rise in progesterone concentrations was associated with the LH surge or the formation of corpora lutea.

scholarly journals Studies on rat ovarian receptors for lutropin (luteinizing hormone). Factors influencing binding and response

1976 ◽  
Vol 160 (3) ◽  
pp. 607-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Muralidhar ◽  
N R Moudgal
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Ovarian Response ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Human Choriogonadotropin ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin ◽  
Immature Rats ◽  
Lutropin Receptor ◽  
Serum Gonadotropin

The interaction of rat ovarian receptors with lutropin (luteinizing hormone, LH) in vitro was rapid and reversible. The degree of binding was saturable and susceptible to changes in the concentration of lutropin in the medium. The concentration of lutropin receptors in the ovary increases during the natural pubertal period and also in immature rats given pregnant-mare-serum gonadotropin and human choriogonadotropin. In the latter case, the increase in lutropin receptor, after injection of pregnant-mare-serum gonadotropin alone, could be detected only if the ovaries are freed of the bound gonadotropin before exposure to lutropin. The concentration of lutropin receptors was higher in the luteal compartment of the ovary than in the non-luteal parts and increased slightly in aged corpora lutea. Correlation between binding of lutropin to the ovary and the ovarian response to lutropin in terms of cyclic AMP production was found only in prepubertal rat ovaries and in young corpora lutea and not in aged corpora lutea, suggesting the non-equivalence of binding in vitro and ovarian response.

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