Age and growth of gray triggerfish (Balistes capriscus) from a north-central Gulf of Mexico artificial reef zone

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-195
Author(s):  
Amanda E Jefferson ◽  
Robert J Allman ◽  
Ashley E Pacicco ◽  
James S Franks ◽  
Frank J Hernandez ◽  
...  

<em>Abstract</em>.—Artificial reefs in the northwest Gulf of Mexico act as preferential habitat for Gray Triggerfish <em>Balistes capriscus </em>(Gmelin, 1789) and are heavily targeted by local and international fishing efforts. Three artificial reefs off the south Texas coast were studied to investigate the reproductive characteristics of this ubiquitous reef member whose importance to both commercial and recreational fishing has resulted in a dramatic reduction in Gulf of Mexico-wide estimated biomass for the past 20 years. Characteristics examined included sex ratio, peak spawning season, batch fecundity of females (1 × 10<sup>6</sup> oocytes), fork length (FL, mm) at maturity, and batch fecundity as a function of FL or weight (i.e., Δ1 × 10<sup>6</sup> oocytes = ΔFL). These characteristics were investigated to build a foundational understanding of an understudied region of the Gulf and a relatively new artificial reef habitat. Reef sites managed by the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department Artificial Reef Program were sampled for 1 year, yielding 112 individuals. The sex ratio was 1:1 males to females but varied among sample sites, suggesting that an unidentified factor may have influenced aggregations of males and females. Spawning season was similar in other regions of the Gulf of Mexico (i.e., between June and August with a peak in July). Female batch fecundity was 7.36 × 10<sup>5</sup> ± 2.69 × 10<sup>5</sup> mature oocytes, and the batch fecundity to FL relationship was 14.353 × FL<sup>1.88</sup>, similar to other populations of Gray Triggerfish in the Gulf of Mexico.


Author(s):  
Bruce H. Comyns ◽  
Joanne Lyczkowski-Shultz ◽  
Chester F. Rakocinski ◽  
John P. Steen

<em>Abstract</em>.—Identifying morphometrics, age composition, and growth of Red Snapper <em>Lutjanus campechanus </em>(Poey, 1860) in the Gulf of Mexico is crucial for management of this valuable species. Red Snapper are highly associated with artificial reefs situated off the coast of Texas. Artificial reefs, two in federal waters (offshore) and two in state waters (inshore), were sampled quarterly from December 2014 through December 2016. Characteristic differences in age and growth patterns at inshore and offshore sites and across sampled sites were compared. Mean ± standard deviation was calculated for total length (TL), weight, and biological age. Red Snapper collected averaged 464.5 ± 92.6 mm in TL, 1.62 ± 1.03 kg, and 3.8 ± 1.5 years. Significant differences in TL, weight, and age were observed across sites but not between inshore and offshore locations. In comparing 12 previous Red Snapper length-at-age (0–25 years) studies across the Gulf of Mexico, results were similar except for two studies significantly different from one another, but none with respect to our study. Our findings suggest that Red Snapper populations are young and restricted to one or two spawning years before capture on artificial reefs. Continued management of fisheries associated with these reefs are necessary to increase the stock and eventually lead to robust and sustainable fisheries.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Shervette ◽  
Jesús Rivera Hernández ◽  
F. K. E. Nunoo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick M. Graham ◽  
James S. Franks ◽  
Evan J. Anderson ◽  
Robert T. Leaf ◽  
Jason D. Tilley

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