INFORMATION ACTIVITIES – ESSENTIAL WARFIGHTING FUNCTION IN TODAY’S MILITARY OPERATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
George-Ion TOROI
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Psychological Dimension ◽  
Military Conflicts ◽  
Information Operations ◽  
State Actors ◽  
Concept Of Information ◽  
International Conventions

Abstract: The nature of recent military conflicts, largely unconventional, essentially involves two common features related to the type of actors involved and the methods used. If regarding the first of these, one can observe that the tendency is of metamorphosis of conflicts towards the area where state actors are forced to confront malignant non-state actors, such as terrorists or insurgents, the second refers to the methods used in such confrontations, most of them having an unconventional character, which does not comply with international conventions or the laws and principles of armed conflict, methods that have, because of the unprecedented technological development, increased in number and intensity. In this context, military forces have tried to adapt their approach to conflicts, to adjust their force structures, types of operations, but also the related procedures to try to find an optimal response in countering such behaviors. Against this background, the concept of information operations has acquired an essential importance, the use of actions subsumed to it offering the possibility of military force to create effects in the psychological dimension by influencing the target audience, with immeasurably greater results than the classical approach, with effects only in physical dimension.

scholarly journals Impact of Armed Conflicts on the State of Ecological Security

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Adam Paweł Olechowski
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Ecological Security ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Military Conflicts ◽  
Humanitarian Crises

Abstract Contemporary armed conflicts, although not as global in scope as the two world wars in the 20th century, create serious threats in many dimensions. One of the areas of their influence is the natural environment. In fact every armed conflict, also one that takes place in a relatively small territory, causes a number of negative consequences in the natural environment. These, in turn, may have further consequences. Apart from the damage caused by military operations, accompanying phenomena appear on a large scale. In recent years, a series of armed conflicts in Africa and West Asia resulted in huge migrations of millions of people. In addition to the resulting humanitarian crises, large-scale environmental problems are observed. Thus, it clearly shows that even potentially minor military conflicts can lead to serious disturbances of the natural environment. The author shows the various consequences of armed conflicts for the natural environment over the last half century.

The Temporal Scope of the Laws of Armed Conflict in Multinational Military Operations

2019 ◽  
pp. 49-69
Author(s):  
Christian Schaller
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
International Humanitarian Law ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Asymmetric Conflict ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Law Of Armed Conflict ◽  
Degree Of Stability ◽  
State Actors

The chapter explores the temporal scope of the law of armed conflict in multinational military operations. In particular, it is discussed under which conditions armed conflicts begin and terminate as a matter of international humanitarian law (IHL). Asymmetric conflict structures, fluctuating levels of violence, and the involvement of a multitude of state and non-state actors who enter and leave the battlefield at different stages during the hostilities make it especially difficult to determine the end of an armed conflict. Often, periods of intense fighting alternate with periods of relative calm. It is therefore argued that two requirements should be satisfied before an armed conflict within the meaning of IHL ought to be considered over: the situation must fall below a certain qualitative threshold separating the armed conflict from the post-conflict phase; and the threshold must be crossed with a degree of stability and permanence.

THE IMPORTANCE OF MISSION ANALYSIS IN MODERN MILITARY OPERATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-84
Author(s):  
George-Ion TOROI
Keyword(s):  
Planning Process ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Operational Environment ◽  
Mission Analysis ◽  
State Actors ◽  
Correct Understanding ◽  
The Military

Abstract: The complexity of today’s operational environment has a direct impact on the military instrument of power of every nation. Nowadays, conflicts have a much bigger unconventional component. This component lies in the types of actors involved and the methods used by them. Most contemporary conflicts are no longer classic confrontations between two states that use their military constituent to impose their will on the adversary. Today, the other instruments of power play an equally important role. The resolution of today's conflicts does not only require a military approach to the problem, which further complicates the mission of the military forces, as they are forced to focus on other areas outside the military. Today, non-state actors play a much more important role in armed conflicts. They often fail to comply with international conventions on armed conflict and use any means available to achieve their own goals. In addition, the unprecedented technological development of society in general, but also the unrestricted access to these types of technologies further facilitates the use of unconventional methods by malicious non-state actors in support of their own interests. Therefore, it can be seen that, nowadays, the complexity of armed conflicts has increased exponentially, and the identification and understanding of the problem, the causes of conflicts, as well as the ways to resolve it have become increasingly difficult to achieve. In this regard, I believe that the military should develop appropriate procedures to support the correct understanding of what needs to be done to achieve success and to insist on optimizing the mission analysis as part of the military operations planning process, analysis that should develop the correct understanding of the situation and should support viable future options to solve the conflict.

A Theory of Jus in Bello Proportionality

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adil Ahmad Haque
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Decision Procedures ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Jus In Bello ◽  
Jus Ad Bellum ◽  
Opposing Party

The chapter argues that an attack that inflicts harm on civilians is proportionate only if it prevents the opposing party from inflicting substantially greater harm on the attacking force or civilians in current or future military operations. This account does not compare incommensurable values, only immediate losses to civilians and future losses to civilians and to attacking forces. In addition, it applies symmetrically to all parties to an armed conflict, independently of the jus ad bellum morality and legality of their use of military force. Attacks that are disproportionate under this account are morally impermissible when carried out by just combatants, and disproportionate attacks carried out by unjust combatants are morally worse than proportionate attacks carried out by unjust combatants. Finally, the chapter explores a number of decision procedures and rules of engagement that officers may use to make the best possible decision given the limited information available to them.

Features of ILM for the 1960's

1969 ◽  
Vol 8 (I1) ◽  
pp. xi-xii
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Military Force ◽  
International Arbitration ◽  
National Courts ◽  
The Developed Countries

The contents of ILM for the period from 1962 to 1969 reflect several significant developments: (1) the entry on the international scene of many new countries and their establishment of relations with the developed countries, particularly in the fields of commerce and trade and of investment; (2) the prevalence of armed conflict and the use of military force in the unsettled conditions resulting from the decolonization process and from continued antagonisms between the superpowers; (3) the pervasive role of international organizations, both global and regional, general and specialized; and (4) the continued predominance of national courts in the judicial consideration of questions of international law and the shift from general to specialized tribunals in the resolution of disputes by international arbitration and adjudication.

‘The Drug of War’ – a historical review of the use of Ketamine in military conflicts

2009 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
S J Mercer
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Anaesthetic Agent ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Military Conflicts

AbstractAnaesthesia for surgery during armed conflict was traditionally based on simple and reliable techniques. These often required a minimum of equipment and drugs while ensuring rapid and safe patient recovery. Ketamine, which first became available in Britain in the 1970s, was thought to offer certain favorable characteristics for use as a military anaesthetic agent. This article discusses the use of ketamine in many of the major armed conflicts that have occurred since its introduction. It also catalogues the methods used by anaesthetists at the time and their opinions of the drug’s success.

scholarly journals Organizacyjne i personalne ramy „globalnej wojny z terroryzmem” w świetle orzecznictwa sądów amerykańskich

Poliarchia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 51-95
Author(s):  
Dariusz Stolicki
Keyword(s):  
Use Of Force ◽  
The United States ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Federal Courts ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Global War On Terror ◽  
Global War ◽  
The Impact

The Organizational and Personal Framework of the “Global War on Terror” in the Light of the Decisions of the United States Courts The article analyses the law of military detention applicable to the ongoing conflict with Al‑Qaeda and associated forces, to the extent that that law emerges from the jurisprudence of U.S. federal courts, and particularly of the D.C. Circuit. It discusses four major issues: the types of organizations against which military force can be used in accordance with the Congressional authorization, the range of persons subject to military detention in connection with such use of force (in terms of both legal categories and factual predicates), the scope of the battlefield on which the use of force is authorized, and the extent to which American citizens or foreigners lawfully present in the U.S. territory enjoy special immunity from military detention. The article concludes that the impact of the D.C. Circuit decisions on those questions extends beyond the issue of military detention, and provides the general legal framework applicable to other military operations directed against terrorist organizations in the Middle East, such as target strikes or the campagin against the self‑styled Islamic State.

scholarly journals Military necessity in Geneva conventions of 1949

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-201
Author(s):  
Vladan Joncic ◽  
Milos Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
General Rule ◽  
Humanitarian Law ◽  
Geneva Conventions ◽  
Military Necessity ◽  
Law Of Armed Conflict ◽  
The Right ◽  
International Conventions ◽  
The Military

The fundamental question of international law of armed conflict is the question of military necessity principle in international law of armed conflict, ie. in international humanitarian law. Hearings on this issue is necessary because it is still the danger that the principle of recognition of the needs of military regulations and deceive the application of international law of armed conflict. That?s why the military needs to be seen as a permitted deviation from compliance with rules of war. Extreme, this concept has led to the emergence of the theory of the military. Its radical variant of the proceeds from the Maxims of German classical scholars of international law. The result of theoretical assumptions had the effect of limiting the acceptance of military necessity of the first codification of the day. The four Geneva Conventions of 1949. The heavily consider the military. In all the texts of international conventions is determined by military necessity, as a circumstance or set of circumstances which affect the duty of obeying the regulations of international law. In international law there is no general rule of military necessity as a basis or reason for justified violations of rules of international law of armed conflict. The rules of international law represent a compromise between the desire for a decoration rules of warfare and the need to ensure all the necessary tools that can lead to victory. The four Geneva Conventions of 1949. the military need to provide in terms of the principles of humanity. Set rules on military necessity in the Geneva Conventions give the right correction factor in the role of the law of armed conflict. The Geneva Conventions there is a degree of confusion in terminology, where the concept of military necessity needlessly allocated a number of synonyms. This is because the international law of armed conflict and emerged as a normative regulation of proportionality between the military needs) and general principles and humane principles.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document