Extremely Low Genetic Diversity in the Japanese Population ofZootoca vivipara(Squamata: Lacertidae) Revealed by Mitochondrial DNA

2013 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirohiko Takeuchi ◽  
Mizuki Takeuchi ◽  
Tsutomu Hikida
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Japanese Population ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity

scholarly journals Mitochondrial DNA Phylogenetics of Black Rhinoceros in Kenya in relation to Southern Africa Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Elijah K. Githui ◽  
David N. Thuo ◽  
Joshua O. Amimo ◽  
Nyamu M. Njagi ◽  
Maryanne M. Gitari
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Wildlife Conservation ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Black Rhinoceros ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Eastern And Southern Africa ◽  
Game Hunting

Black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) are highly endangered due to poaching and other anthropological reasons and their protection to rebound the numbers and genetic improvement are necessary remedial measures defined by Rhino International Union of Conservation for the Nature Red List (IUCN). In Kenya black rhino numbers declined from approximately 20,000 in the 1970s to fewer than 400 in 1982. Wildlife conservation managers effected strategies to manage/breed the remaining rhinoceros populations in Eastern and Southern Africa within regional sanctuaries. This study analyzes the genetic variability of these remnant rhinoceros using Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Majority of the rhinoceros in both Kenyan and Southern Africa group are monophyletic clusters with insignificant genetic variations while some lineages are underrepresented. The Eastern Africa rhinoceros forms a distinct clade from the Sothern Africa counterpart while Tanzania population has admixtures. Tajima-D test showed that these two populations are under different selection pressure possibly due to different history of adverse anthropologic activities. Similarly, the Southern Africa rhinoceros have low genetic diversity compared to the Eastern African population due to extended periods of game hunting during Africa colonization. This study suggests that managed translocations of individual rhinoceros across the separated fragments can be applied to improve their genetic diversity.

Mitochondrial DNA analyses reveal low genetic diversity inCulex quinquefasciatusfrom residential areas in Malaysia

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. L. LOW ◽  
P. E. LIM ◽  
C. D. CHEN ◽  
Y. A. L. LIM ◽  
T. K. TAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Dna Analyses ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity

scholarly journals Mitochondrial DNA variation analysis suggests extreme low genetic diversity in Guizhou snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus brelichi)

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (24) ◽  
pp. 2541-2544 ◽  
Author(s):  
HuiJuan Pan ◽  
FangLei Shi ◽  
ZongFei Chang ◽  
ZuoFu Xiang ◽  
TingTing Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Variation Analysis ◽  
Dna Variation ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rhinopithecus Brelichi

Low genetic diversity and inbreeding depression in Queensland Koalas

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
JMW Wilmer ◽  
A Melzer ◽  
F Carrick ◽  
C Moritz
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Phascolarctos Cinereus ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Biased Sex Ratio ◽  
Two Populations

The amount of genetic variation in two natural populations of Queensland koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus adustus) was assessed by analysis of mitochondrial DNA. Levels and any adverse effects of inbreeding (inbreeding depression) were estimated from the pedigree of a well-characterised captive colony. Genetic diversity of mitochondrial DNA was found to be exceedingly low both within and between the two populations, but the variation detected was found to be strongly structured geographically. Inbreeding levels in the captive colony were moderate to high yet the only apparent evidence of inbreeding depression was a male-biased sex ratio. There was no evidence for decreased juvenile survivorship or growth rate with inbreeding. Because of the limited data it would be premature to conclude that koalas are relatively resistant to the effects of inbreeding. However, we suggest the hypothesis that koalas have a history of small population size, resulting in reduced susceptibility to inbreeding depression.

Sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) return after an absence of nearly 90 years: a case of reversion to anadromy

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 1590-1602 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Godbout ◽  
C.C. Wood ◽  
R.E. Withler ◽  
S. Latham ◽  
R.J. Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Nerka ◽  
Downstream Migration ◽  
Hydroelectric Dams ◽  
Low Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Bottlenecks ◽  
Anadromous Form

We document the recent reappearance of anadromous sockeye salmon ( Oncorhynchus nerka ) that were thought to have been extirpated by the construction of hydroelectric dams on the Coquitlam and Alouette rivers in British Columbia, Canada, in 1914 and 1927, respectively. Unexpected downstream migrations of juveniles during experimental water releases into both rivers in 2005 and 2006 preceded upstream return migrations of adults in 2007 and 2008. Genetic (microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA) markers and stable isotope (δ34S and 87Sr/86Sr) patterns in otoliths confirm that both the juvenile downstream migrants and adult upstream migrants were progeny of nonanadromous sockeye salmon (kokanee) that inhabit Coquitlam and Alouette reservoirs. Low genetic diversity and evidence of genetic bottlenecks suggest that the kokanee populations in both reservoirs originated from relatively few anadromous individuals that residualized after downstream migration was largely prevented by the construction of dams. Once given an opportunity for upstream and downstream migration, both populations appear capable of reverting to a successful anadromous form, even after 25 generations.

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