scholarly journals DETERMINAÇÃO DAS MELHORES CONDIÇÕES OPERACIONAIS DO PROCESSO DE PRODUÇÃO DA RICOTA

Author(s):  
LIA DE MENDONÇA PORTO ◽  
RINALDO CARDOSO DOS SANTOS ◽  
TÂNIA LÚCIA SANTOS MIRANDA

Neste trabalho foram analisadas as melhores condições operacionais de produção de ricota, visando avaliar a agregação de valor desse processo ao soro do queijo e diminuição de seu potencial poluente. Desenvolveu-se planejamento fatorial 23, considerando as seguintes variáveis: tempo de precipitação, temperatura e pH nos quais seria possível a obtenção das ricotas produzidas com soro puro e com adição de leite e leite em pó desnatado ao soro. Os resultados foram analisados em relação à recuperação de proteína existente na mistura inicial (soro+leite), aos teores de lactose e gordura nos soros e a demanda química de oxigênio (DQO) do soro antes e depois da produção para analisar seu efeito poluidor. Obteve-se melhor condição de produção em pH 5,0 e temperatura de 92ºC. O tempo de precipitação não apresentou grande influência no processo e a DQO mostrou-se dependente do teor de lactose do soro. Efetuou-se avaliação da viabilidade econômica do processo com e sem a adição de leite, bem como avaliação sensorial das ricotas economicamente viáveis. Não houve diferença na aceitação entre as ricotas. O leite deve ser adicionado em pequenas quantidades, ainda que com elevação de custo para melhorar as condições de coleta da massa da ricota no processo. DETERMINATION OF THE BEST OPERATIONAL CONDITIONS FOR THE RICOTTA PRODUCING PROCESS Abstract The best of operational conditions for the ricotta producing process were analyzed in this work, aiming to evaluate the value addition of this process to cheese whey and reducing its pollutant potential. A factorial 23 scheme was developed considering the following variables: time of precipitation, temperature and pH in which ricotta obtention was possible when prepared from pure whey and with the addition of milk or powdered skim-milk. Results were analysed in relation to the recovery of protein existing in the initial blend (whey+milk), to lactose and fat content of the wheys and to the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the wheys before and after the production in order to analyze the pollutant effect. The best operational conditions were obtained at pH 5.0 and 92ºC. Time of precipitation did not show great influence in the process and COD was shown as being dependent on the lactose content of the whey. Evaluation of the economical viability of the process was also performed with and without milk addition, as well as a sensory evaluation of the economically viable ricottas. There was no difference in acceptation among the ricottas. Although milk must be added to whey in small amounts, even with cost increase, in order to improve the ricotta mass recovery conditions in the process.

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winarti Andayani ◽  
Agustin N M Bagyo

Degradation of humic acid in aqueous solution containing TiO2 coated on ceramics beads under irradiation of 254 nm UV light has been conducted in batch reactor. The aim of this experiment was to study photocatalytic degradation of humic acid in peat water. The irradiation of the humic acid in aqueous solution was conducted in various conditions i.e solely uv, in the presence of TiO2-slurry and TiO2 beads. The color intensity, humic acid residue, conductivity and COD (chemical oxygen demand) of the solution were analyzed before and after irradiation.  The compounds produced during photodegradation were identified using HPLC. The results showed that after photocatalytic degradation, the color intensity and the COD value of the solution decreased, while the conductivity of water increased indicating mineralization of the peat water occurred. In addition, oxalic acid as the product of degradation was observed.


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