Brazilian landscape styles and tree biodiversity in public garden squares

The main features of the Brazilian contemporary landscape style are the recovery of degraded areas and the use of indigenous species. This study aimed at analyzing the vegetation of the Curitiba-PR public garden squares to verify if the areas created during the contemporary period (from 1990 on) have a greater diversity of tree species than other squares and, therefore, are more significant for biodiversity conservation. For this, 32 of the city's 454 squares were sampled as determined by statistical calculation, then classified by creation year and landscape style. Trees species, families, and individuals were identified and classified as to their origin; and the variables richness; average species; number of individuals; density of individuals; and the Shannon, Pielou, and Odum indexes were analyzed. The 15 contemporary style squares presented 399 individuals of 54 species and 27 families, with 43.61% of the individuals and 50.00% of the species of exotic origin; individuals average of 26.60 ±9.72 per square and 43.09 ±35.13 per hectare; species average of 6.93 ±4.98 per square and 13.95 ±10.63 per hectare; and diversity indexes of Shannon 3.39, Pielou 0.85, and Odum 9.02. The squares in the contemporary style presented higher diversity indexes, but they have, on average, fewer species, families, and individuals, in addition to a greater proportion of exotic species and individuals. These results indicate that these squares did not follow the typical characteristics of the contemporary style and are of no greater significance for biodiversity conservation when compared to other squares.

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Potential role of sacred grove of Lumbini in biodiversity conservation in Nepal

Banko Janakari ◽

10.3126/banko.v18i1.2163 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 25-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Khem Raj Bhattarai ◽

Sushim R Baral

Keyword(s):

Biodiversity Conservation ◽

Tree Species ◽

Potential Role ◽

Ex Situ ◽

Sacred Grove ◽

Indigenous Species ◽

Indigenous Trees ◽

Acacia Catechu ◽

Total Tree

This study was conducted in the sacred grove of Lumbini to elucidate its potential role in biodiversity conservation in Nepal. Lumbini Development Trust enumerated tree species of the grove. We have assessed taxonomic validity by identifying the species. A total of 65 tree species, 39 are indigenous to Nepal, were found in the grove. Most of the species were tropical/subtropical elements that are found to be distributed in Nepal from 100 to 2400m asl. Among total indigenous trees, 64 % trees have their distribution in the whole Nepal, whereas 19 %, 14 % and 3 % are limited to central, eastern, and both central and western part of Nepal respectively. The indigenous species found in the grove accounts for 11 % of total tree diversity of Nepal. Of these tree species, five are of threatened, vulnerable and endangered categories. The forest formation of the grove conforms to Dalbergia sisoo-Acacia catechu type's forest of Nepal. However, majority of the trees in the grove were produced by plantation so it has contributed to ex-situ conservation of trees, and hence this reflects the importance of sacred grove. Key words: conservation, distribution, indigenous trees, Lumbini, Sacred grove, sacred plants, tree species. doi: 10.3126/banko.v18i1.2163 Banko Janakari, Vol. 18, No. 1, 25-31

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Buddha Bihar (Kiyang) based traditional model for tree diversity conservation in Rangamati Hills, Bangladesh

Journal of Biodiversity Conservation and Bioresource Management ◽

10.3329/jbcbm.v4i1.37874 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 27-34

Author(s):

M Mohiuddin ◽

AK Paul

Keyword(s):

Biodiversity Conservation ◽

Land Tenure ◽

Tree Species ◽

Local Community ◽

Local Level ◽

Plant Conservation ◽

Bird Conservation ◽

Indigenous Species ◽

Tribal People ◽

Indigenous Tree Species

This paper describes Buddha Bihar (Kiyang) based biodiversity conservation of Nirbanpur in Rangamati Hill District of Bangladesh. Rangamati is the native of the tribal people specially the Chakma and they are the followers of the Bhudda religion. This Bihar comprised of 300 acres of hilly land and maintaining natural patches having 76 indigenous tree species. Most of the tribal people of this district belong to Buddha religion and they strongly believe in the biodiversity conservation around their religious institute and most of them are situated at hill top of the deep forest areas. This institution is maintained by the religious leaders locally called as Bantheya and the local community people have great respect for them. Most of the Bantheyas are conserving biodiversity in traditional way which is unique model for local level biodiversity conservation and local people also consider these plants as taboos or secrete trees. Bihar management committee maintains some traditional rules in plant conservation, but now they are leaned towards commercial plantation. BFRI scientists try to motivate them towards plantation indigenous species by awareness meeting. The seedlings of 32 indigenous tree species were planted in the Bihar area which has enhanced the diversity of flora and fauna. A biodiversity conservation model having four pillars has been developed on consultation with the community and religion leaders. The theme of pillars are land tenure, traditional knowledge, awareness and support. Bihar based biodiversity conservation effort has created a new avenue for wildlife and bird conservation. A list of existing plants species around Nirbanpur Bihararea has been given.J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2018, 4(1): 27-34

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Defining endemism levels for biodiversity conservation: Tree species in the Atlantic Forest hotspot

Biological Conservation ◽

10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108825 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 252 ◽

pp. 108825

Author(s):

Renato A. Ferreira de Lima ◽

Vinícius Castro Souza ◽

Marinez Ferreira de Siqueira ◽

Hans ter Steege

Keyword(s):

Biodiversity Conservation ◽

Atlantic Forest ◽

Tree Species

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Temporal patterns in the macrobenthic communities of the Hawkesbury estuary, New South Wales

Marine and Freshwater Research ◽

10.1071/mf9870607 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 38 (5) ◽

pp. 607

Author(s):

AR Jones

Keyword(s):

Community Composition ◽

Temporal Patterns ◽

Single Species ◽

Species Number ◽

Community Patterns ◽

Low Salinity ◽

Number Of Species ◽

South Wales ◽

Physicochemical Factors ◽

Number Of Individuals

Temporal patterns in number of species, number of individual animals and community composition of the soft-sediment zoobenthos of the Hawkesbury estuary are described and related to physicochemical factors. Replicate grabs were taken at 3-month intervals over 3 years (1977-1979) from sites located in three zones: the lower, middle and upper reaches. The number of species and number of individuals showed significant seasonal and annual differences in all zones. However, the pattern of these differences varied among sites and seasonal differences were not repeatable over years. Similarly, differences in community composition as revealed by classification were not seasonal. In the middle and lower reaches, these differences were apparently caused by the over- riding influence of non-seasonal climatic events, i.e. a major flood in 1978 and a drought throughout 1979. In the first two sampling following the flood, sample values for the numbers of both species and individuals were usually lowest and community composition was distinct from pre-flood and drought times. During the drought, the number of species was usually high and community composition relatively distinct. Whereas the number of species and community composition groupings were both significantly related to river discharge, the number of individuals was significantly correlated with temperature. All community variables were sometimes significantly related to salinity. The identity of numerically dominant species, as determined by Fager rankings, varied among times in both the lower and middle reaches. However, the polychaete Nephtys australiensis and the bivalve mollusc Notospisula trigonella were highest ranked overall in both zones. Community patterns in the low-salinity upper reaches differed from those further downstream by showing little change in numbers of species and community composition following the flood. Only the number of species was significantly correlated with any of the measured physicochemical variables, this being partly due to an influx of species during the drought. Furthermore, the upstream community was always dominated by the polychaete Ceratonereis limnetica and was thus the only community that could be characterised by a single species.

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Basic and Grade Stress for Some Timber in Sarawak

Journal of Civil Engineering Science and Technology ◽

10.33736/jcest.92.2011 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 35-38

Author(s):

Gaddafi Ismaili ◽

Badorul Hisham Abu Bakar ◽

Khairul Khuzaimah Abdul Rahim

Keyword(s):

Exotic Species ◽

Modulus Of Elasticity ◽

Acacia Mangium ◽

Wood Properties ◽

Strength Properties ◽

Indigenous Species ◽

Medium Density ◽

Compression Stress ◽

Strength Group ◽

Fast Growing Species

Strength properties’ tests are conducted in the small clear sample. This paper aim to acquire the basic and grade stresses of some fast growing species thus identifies its strength group. Thus, the information of wood properties from different species and condition are acquired from strength property's test. The required information namely, bending parallel to the grain, compression stress parallel to grain, shear parallel to grain and modulus of elasticity. The condition of the trees which is referred to green and air-dry condition. Three different species which are referred to exotic species of Acacia mangium and indigenous species of Aras. The results from the study indicated that, Acacia mangium classified under the strength group SG5, whilst Aras was classified under the strength group SG7. The timber is of medium density Light Hardwood ranging from 0.37-0.52g/cm3 air-dry condition.

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Plant Diversity, Ethnobotany and Conservation Issues at Swoyambhu World Heritage, Kathmandu, Nepal

Nepal Journal of Science and Technology ◽

10.3126/njst.v7i0.583 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 123 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Keshab Shrestha

Keyword(s):

Tropical Forest ◽

Exotic Species ◽

Plant Species ◽

Plant Diversity ◽

Tree Species ◽

Human Population ◽

Northern Slope ◽

Pinus Roxburghii ◽

Total Plant ◽

Pristine Forest

Lying at western corner of the Kathmandu city, the Swoyambhu hillock (1403.76m) represents a surviving pristine forest in the metropolitan capital of Nepal. Once an extension of Jamaca (2096m) with luxuriant sub-tropical forest is now invaded by dense human population and other developmental activities. This hillock is still rich with a total plant species of 319. Of them, 65 are trees, 43 shrubs, 194 herbs and 17 climbers. Northern slope of the hillock is rich in tree species with scattered patches of under-growing bushes and ferns, whereas southern, western and eastern slopes are much disturbed with exotic species of plants, creating challenges to the norms of the heritage standard. Domination by Pinus roxburghii (chire pine) and Eucalyptus, Jacaranda and Callistemon, etc are altering the indigenous nature of the hillock. And also the forested hillock has been randomly utilized for refreshment, yoga, ayurbedic remedy and food. Due to growing constructions and exploitations, the forested hillock is now facing a threat to maintain its pristine ecosystem. <i>Nepal Journal of Science and Technology</i> Vol. 7, 2006

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Theobroma bicolor Humb. & Bonpl. (Sterculiaceae, "Cuapataxtle") en el Municipio de Ayutla de los Libres, Guerrero. Composición Florística de los huertos y aspectos etnobotánicos

Botanical Sciences ◽

10.17129/botsci.1569 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 75

Author(s):

Beatriz Rendón-Aguilar ◽

Graciela González Soto ◽

María Isabel Oble-Delgadillo ◽

Virginia Ojeda-Cornejo ◽

Rosa Elvira Parra-Padilla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Relative Density ◽

Floristic Composition ◽

The Political ◽

Indigenous Species ◽

Commercial Activity ◽

Traditional Management ◽

Fruit Species ◽

Political Center ◽

Almost All ◽

Number Of Individuals

This research had the next objectives: 1] to describe the floristic composition of the orchards where T. bicolor is growing on, in the municipio of Ayutla de los Libres, Guerrero; 2] to describe ethnobotanical aspects related with the uses of T. bicolor and 3] to report the presence of T. bicolor in the state of Guerrero, specifically in the municipio of Ayutla de los Libres. Nine orchards located in different communities and associated to different ethnical composition were sampled. Number of species per sampled area, number of individuals per species and relative density of each species were obtaind. Description of uses of T. bicolor was obtained through interviews applied to farmers (mestizos and indigenous). Species richness, kind of species and relative density show high heterogenity among orchards. Those near the cabecera municipal show variable floristic composition and relative densities of man y fruit species and cuapataxtle are high. Orchards far from the cabecera municipal also show variable floristic composition but relative densities of almost all the species present there are low. The conclusion is that the variability in floristic composition, as well as the differences in relative densities of many species reflect the idea of traditional management, location of orchards respect to the political center of Ayutla and the importance of nearness to places of commercial activity.

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NEW RECORDS IN THE FLORA CHECKLISTS OF LAOS, RESULTING FROM A SURVEY OF PHOU HIN POUN NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION AREA

Edinburgh Journal of Botany ◽

10.1017/s096042861700035x ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 75 (1) ◽

pp. 91-106 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. Prosperi ◽

V. Lamxay ◽

F. Hallé ◽

J.-M. Bompard ◽

P. Blanc ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biodiversity Conservation ◽

New Records ◽

Biodiversity Hotspot ◽

Species Number ◽

Conservation Area ◽

Floristic Inventory

The flora of Laos remains one of the least known within the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot. A floristic inventory was carried out in Phou Hin Poun National Biodiversity Conservation Area, an under-explored area of the Khammouane Limestone. This study provides a list of 27 taxa that are additions to the most recent country checklists. The Ebenaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Myrtaceae are the families with the highest species number. In this list, four species are endemic to Indochina (Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam): Cynometra dongnaiensis Pierre, Jasminum vidalii P.S.Green, Memecylon chevalieri Guillaumin and Pothos gigantipes Buchet ex P.C.Boyce. These results illustrate the paucity of our knowledge of the region surveyed and of the flora of Laos in general.

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Barrier plants in South Africa

Bothalia ◽

10.4102/abc.v14i3/4.1221 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 14 (3/4) ◽

pp. 635-639 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

L. Henderson

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Exotic Species ◽

Potential Barrier ◽

Literature Survey ◽

Indigenous Species ◽

Different Types

It is stated that there is a need both to extend the range of barrier plants available in South Africa, and to replace some much-used exotic species that have become invasive. A literature survey and computerized herbarium search revealed that of the 428 plants recorded as having been used as barriers 62% are exotics. Of these. 26% are naturalized or invasive in one or other part of South Africa. Ideal characteristics for different types of barrier plants have been defined and used as a guide in selecting a range of potential barrier plants from the indigenous species available. Lists of recognized barrier plants are given including some species revealed as a result of the present investigation.

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