Radiation Exposure Evaluation of Visual Organs using Bismuth Shielding Material on Head CT Scan

Objective: Physicians who often request for computed tomography (CT) scan examinations are expected to have sound knowledge of radiation exposure (risks) to patients in line with the basic radiation protection principles according to the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), the Protection of Persons Undergoing Medical Exposure or Treatment (POPUMET), and the Ionizing Radiation (Medical Exposure) Regulations (IR(ME)R). The aim is to assess the level of requesting physicians’ knowledge of ionizing radiation from CT scan examinations in two Nigerian tertiary hospitals. Materials and Methods: An 18-item-based questionnaire was distributed to 141 practicing medical doctors, excluding radiologists with work experience from 0 to >16 years in two major teaching hospitals in Nigeria with a return rate of 69%, using a voluntary sampling technique. Results: The results showed that 25% of the respondents identified CT thorax, abdomen, and pelvis examination as having the highest radiation risk, while 22% said that it was a conventional chest X-ray. Furthermore, 14% concluded that CT head had the highest risk while 9% gave their answer to be conventional abdominal X-ray. In addition, 17% inferred that magnetic resonance imaging had the highest radiation risk while 11% had no idea. Furthermore, 25.5% of the respondents have had training on ionizing radiation from CT scan examinations while 74.5% had no training. Majority (90%) of the respondents were not aware of the ICRP guidelines for requesting investigations with very little (<3%) or no knowledge (0%) on the POPUMET and the IR(ME)R respectively. Conclusion: There is low level of knowledge of ionizing radiation from CT scan examinations among requesting physicians in the study locations.

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BHCNet: Neural Network based Brain Hemorrhage Classification Using Head CT Scan

IEEE Access ◽

10.1109/access.2021.3102740 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

Muhammad Faheem Mushtaq ◽

Mobeen Shahroz ◽

Ali M. Aseere ◽

Habib Shah ◽

Rizwan Majeed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Brain Hemorrhage ◽

Head Ct

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Should a Head-Injured Child Receive a Head CT Scan? A Systematic Review of Clinical Prediction Rules

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.2009-0075 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 124 (1) ◽

pp. e145-e154 ◽

Cited By ~ 79

Author(s):

J. L. Maguire ◽

K. Boutis ◽

E. M. Uleryk ◽

A. Laupacis ◽

P. C. Parkin

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Clinical Prediction ◽

Clinical Prediction Rules ◽

Injured Child ◽

Prediction Rules ◽

Head Ct ◽

Head Injured

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Feasibility and Efficacy of a Decision Aid for Emergency Department Patients with Suspected Ureterolithiasis: Protocol for an Adaptive Randomized Controlled Trial

10.21203/rs.3.rs-53286/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Elizabeth M Schoenfeld ◽

Kye E Poronsky ◽

Lauren M Westafer ◽

Paul Visintainer ◽

Brianna M DiFronzo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Radiation Exposure ◽

Kidney Stone ◽

Decision Aid ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Patient Knowledge ◽

Randomized Controlled

Abstract Background: Approximately 2 million patients present to Emergency Departments in the US annually with signs and symptoms of ureterolithiasis (or renal colic, the pain from an obstructing kidney stone). Both ultrasound and CT scan can be used for diagnosis, but the vast majority of patients receive a CT scan. Diagnostic pathways utilizing ultrasound have been shown to decrease radiation exposure to patients but are potentially less accurate. Because of these and other trade-offs, this decision has been proposed as appropriate for Shared Decision-Making (SDM), where clinicians and patients discuss clinical options and their consequences and arrive at a decision together. We developed a decision aid to facilitate SDM in this scenario. The objective of this study is to determine the effects of this decision aid, as compared to usual care, on patient knowledge, radiation exposure, engagement, safety, and healthcare utilization. Methods: This is the protocol for an adaptive randomized controlled trial to determine the effects of the intervention – a decision aid (“Kidney Stone Choice”) – on patient-centered outcomes, compared with usual care. Patients age 18-55 presenting to the Emergency Department with signs and symptoms consistent with acute uncomplicated ureterolithiasis will be consecutively enrolled and randomized. Participants will be blinded to group allocation. We will collect outcomes related to patient knowledge, radiation exposure, trust in physician, safety, and downstream healthcare utilization. Discussion: We hypothesize that this study will demonstrate that “Kidney Stone Choice,” the decision aid created for this scenario, improves patient knowledge and decreases exposure to ionizing radiation. The adaptive design of this study will allow us to identify issues with fidelity and feasibility and subsequently evaluate the intervention for efficacy. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov - NCT04234035https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04234035Registered January 21, 2020 – Retrospectively Registered

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Sex determination through the evaluation of sella turcica measurements using head CT scan

HOMO ◽

10.1127/homo/2021/1341 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Antonio De Donno ◽

Roberto Maselli ◽

Federica Mele ◽

Carmelinda Angrisani ◽

Monica Cozzolino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sex Determination ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Sella Turcica ◽

Head Ct

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Metal implants influence CT scan parameters leading to increased local radiation exposure: A proposal for correction techniques

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0221692 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (8) ◽

pp. e0221692

Author(s):

Ok kyu Song ◽

Yong Eun Chung ◽

Nieun Seo ◽

Song-Ee Baek ◽

Jin-Young Choi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ct Scan ◽

Radiation Exposure ◽

Metal Implants ◽

Local Radiation

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Patient Knowledge Regarding Radiation Exposure from Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Imaging

Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics ◽

10.1177/2473011418s00158 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 2473011418S0015

Author(s):

Daniel Bohl ◽

Blaine Manning ◽

George Holmes ◽

Simon Lee ◽

Johnny Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ionizing Radiation ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Radiation Exposure ◽

Cone Beam Ct ◽

Plain Film ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Cone Beam ◽

X Rays ◽

Foot And Ankle ◽

X Ray

Category: Other Introduction/Purpose: Foot and ankle surgeons routinely prescribe diagnostic imaging that exposes patients to potentially harmful ionizing radiation. The purpose of this study is to characterize patients’ knowledge regarding radiation exposure associated with common forms of foot and ankle imaging. Methods: A survey was administered to all new patients prior to their first foot and ankle clinic appointments. Patients were asked to compare the amount of harmful radiation associated with chest x-rays to that associated with various types of foot and ankle imaging. Results were tabulated and compared to actual values of radiation exposure from the published literature. Results: A total of 890 patients were invited to participate, of whom 791 (88.9%) completed the survey. The majority of patients believed that a foot x-ray, an ankle x-ray, a “low dose” CT scan of the foot and ankle (alluding to cone-beam CT), and a traditional CT scan of the foot and ankle all contain similar amounts of harmful ionizing radiation to a chest x-ray (Table 1). This is in contrast to the published literature, which suggests that foot x-rays, ankle x-rays, cone beam CT scans of the foot and ankle, and traditional CT scans of the foot and ankle expose patients to 0.006, 0.006, 0.127, and 0.833 chest x-rays worth of radiation. Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that patients greatly over-estimate the amount of harmful ionizing radiation associated with plain film and cone-beam CT scans of the foot and ankle. Interestingly, their estimates of radiation associated with traditional CT scans of the foot and ankle were relatively accurate. Results suggest that patients may benefit from increased counseling by surgeons regarding the relatively low risk of radiation exposure associated with plain film and cone-beam CT imaging of the foot and ankle.

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