scholarly journals The Effects of Financial and Political Risks on Economic Risk in Southern European Countries: A Dynamic Panel Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dervis Kirikkaleli ◽  
Kelvin Onyibor
Keyword(s):  
European Countries ◽  
Panel Analysis ◽  
Economic Risk ◽  
Economic Stability ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Quarterly Data ◽  
Political Risks ◽  
Dynamic Panel Analysis ◽  
Southern European Countries ◽  
Financial Environment

In this study, we investigate the effects of financial and political riskson the economic risk in Southern European countries. Quarterly data were employed, covering the period from 2000/Q1 to 2015/Q4. We performed the Pedroni Cointegration, Westerlund Cointegration, Common Correlated Estimated Mean Group (CCEMG), and Dynamic Common Correlated Estimated Mean Group technique (dynamic CCEMG). Our empirical findings suggest that (i) an improved financial environment is associated with less economic risk in the Southern European countries; (ii) political risk is harmful to economic stability.

scholarly journals Effect of Trade Openness on Food Security in the EU: A Dynamic Panel Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulio Fusco ◽  
Benedetta Coluccia ◽  
Federica De Leo
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Panel Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Dynamic Panel Analysis ◽  
The Impact

The problem of food insecurity is growing across the world, including economically developed countries. In Europe, the question is not just about the total supply of foods, but it includes even the accessibility of prices and their nutritional and qualitative adequacy. In this context many countries recognize the importance of trade policies to ensure adequate levels of food security. The aim of this work was to analyze the impact of trade openness on the level of food security in European countries, using a dynamic panel analysis with the generalized method of moments (GMM) approach. We selected two different indicators of food security (average protein supply, average dietary energy supply adequacy) capable of offering information both on the quantity and on the nutritional quality of the food supply. In order to improve the robustness of the empirical results, we developed three different regressions, with three trade openness indicators (trade openness, tariff, globalization) for each food security indicator. The results showed that commercial opening has, on average, a statistically significant net positive impact on the food security of European countries. Additional results indicate that also economic development, together with the importance of the agricultural sector, can improve food security levels.

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