scholarly journals Precipitation characteristics over Paradeep

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-324
Author(s):  
T. R. SIVARAMAKRISHNAN ◽  
J. R. PRASAD
Keyword(s):  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Monsoon Period ◽  
Mean Annual Rainfall ◽  
Precipitation Characteristics ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Rainfall Climatology

The daily rainfall records since 1976 and the SRRG records after its installation in 1982 at Paradeep have been analysed and rainfall climatology has been worked out. The heaviest 24-hour rainfall recorded at the station is 264 mm on 4 June 1982. The mean annual rainfall is 1475 mm. January and December are near dry months while August is the wettest month getting about 339 mm rainfall. The variability of annual rainfall here is 20 %. Light rainspells giving a total rain of 10 mm or less form about 50% occasions in pre-monsoon period and 63% of occasions in monsoon period. The extended rainspells lasting for more than 4 hours form about 10% of occasions in pre-monsoon season and 6% occasions in monsoon season. While morning (04-08 hr IST) period gets the rainfall in both pre-monsoon and monsoon months, early night gets the peak rainfall activity during the pre-monsoon months.

scholarly journals Recent Trends in the Daily Rainfall Regime in Southern West Africa

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Nkrumah ◽  
Théo Vischel ◽  
Geremy Panthou ◽  
Nana Ama Browne Klutse ◽  
David C. Adukpo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Mean Annual Rainfall ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Climate Events

Extreme climate events, either being linked to dry spells or extreme precipitation, are of major concern in Africa, a region in which the economy and population are highly vulnerable to climate hazards. However, recent trends in climate events are not often documented in this poorly surveyed continent. This study makes use of a large set of daily rain gauge data covering Southern West Africa (extending from 10° W to 10° E and from 4° N to 12° N) from 1950 to 2014. The evolution of the number and the intensity of daily rainfall events, especially the most extremes, were analyzed at the annual and seasonal scales. During the first rainy season (April–July), mean annual rainfall is observed to have a minor trend due to less frequent but more intense rainfall mainly along the coast of Southern West Africa (SWA) over the last two decades. The north–south seasonal changes exhibit an increase in mean annual rainfall over the last decade during the second rainy season (September–November) linked by both an increase in the frequency of occurrence of rainy days as well as an increase in the mean intensity and extreme events over the last decade. The study also provides evidence of a disparity that exists between the west and east of SWA, with the east recording a stronger increase in the mean intensity of wet days and extreme rainfall during the second rainy season (September–November).

scholarly journals Statistical Analysis of Rainfall Variability for Tehsils of Palghar District, Maharashtra State, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VII) ◽  
pp. 2602-2618
Author(s):  
Dr. Sumit M. Dhak
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Average Annual Rainfall ◽  
Detailed Statistical Analysis ◽  
Annual Total ◽  
The Mean

A detailed statistical analysis of monthly, seasonal and annual rainfall for Tehsils of Palghar district were carried out using 22 years (1998-2019) daily rainfall data taken from Department of Agriculture, Maharashtra State. The mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation for monthly, seasonal and annual rainfall were computed for tehsils of Palghar districts. The month of July received maximum monthly mean rainfall for all years (1998 to 2019) in tehsils of Palghar district. The result showed that monthly mean rainfall in month of July was maximum at Jawhar (1147.1 mm) followed by Vikramgad (1071.9 mm), Talasari (1014.3 mm), Vasai (1009.9 mm), Wada (998.5 mm), Mokhada (949.6 mm), Palghar (948.7 mm) and Dahanu (841.6) with contributes 40.4 %, 39.1 %, 38.5 %, 35.4 %, 37.3 %, 37.3 %, 36.9 % and 36.3 % of the annual mean rainfall (1998 to 2019) respectively. The result showed that contribution of rainfall during Monsoon season ranges from 95.5 % to 97.0 % of the annual total rainfall for tehsils of Palghar District. The result showed that average annual rainfall (1998 to 2019) of Vasai, Jawhar, Vikramgad, Wada, Talasari, Palghar, Mokhada and Dahanu were 2855.9 mm, 2839.1 mm, 2738.9 mm, 2674.0 mm, 2633.3 mm, 2570.8 mm, 2543.6 mm and 2318.5 mm respectively.

scholarly journals The Wet and Dry Spells across India during 1951–2007

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nityanand Singh ◽  
Ashwini Ranade
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Monsoon Period ◽  
Northwestern India ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Dry Spells

Abstract Characteristics of wet spells (WSs) and intervening dry spells (DSs) are extremely useful for water-related sectors. The information takes on greater significance in the wake of global climate change and climate-change scenario projections. The features of 40 parameters of the rainfall time distribution as well as their extremes have been studied for two wet and dry spells for 19 subregions across India using gridded daily rainfall available on 1° latitude × 1° longitude spatial resolution for the period 1951–2007. In a low-frequency-mode, intra-annual rainfall variation, WS (DS) is identified as a “continuous period with daily rainfall equal to or greater than (less than) daily mean rainfall (DMR) of climatological monsoon period over the area of interest.” The DMR shows significant spatial variation from 2.6 mm day−1 over the extreme southeast peninsula (ESEP) to 20.2 mm day−1 over the southern-central west coast (SCWC). Climatologically, the number of WSs (DSs) decreases from 11 (10) over the extreme south peninsula to 4 (3) over northwestern India as a result of a decrease in tropical and oceanic influences. The total duration of WSs (DSs) decreases from 101 (173) to 45 (29) days, and the duration of individual WS (DS) from 12 (18) to 7 (11) days following similar spatial patterns. Broadly, the total rainfall of wet and dry spells, and rainfall amount and rainfall intensity of actual and extreme wet and dry spells, are high over orographic regions and low over the peninsula, Indo-Gangetic plains, and northwest dry province. The rainfall due to WSs (DSs) contributes ∼68% (∼17%) to the respective annual total. The start of the first wet spell is earlier (19 March) over ESEP and later (22 June) over northwestern India, and the end of the last wet spell occurs in reverse, that is, earlier (12 September) from northwestern India and later (16 December) from ESEP. In recent years/decades, actual and extreme WSs are slightly shorter and their rainfall intensity higher over a majority of the subregions, whereas actual and extreme DSs are slightly (not significantly) longer and their rainfall intensity weaker. There is a tendency for the first WS to start approximately six days earlier across the country and the last WS to end approximately two days earlier, giving rise to longer duration of rainfall activities by approximately four days. However, a spatially coherent, robust, long-term trend (1951–2007) is not seen in any of the 40 WS/DS parameters examined in the present study.

A Practical Method for Estimating Rainfall Rate Frequencies Directly from Climatic Data

1958 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 469-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Russak ◽  
J. W. Easley
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transmission ◽  
General Relation ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Rainfall Rate ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Mean Annual Rainfall ◽  
Hourly Rainfall ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Complete Frequency

In evaluating the environmental limitations on microwave signal transmission, it was necessary to determine the occurrence of rainfall rates for a number of regions in different parts of the world. Clock-hourly precipitation data were used where available. Where these data were not available, a known empirical technique was employed which correlates clock-hourly rainfall at individual rates to a climatological index. This index uses parameters which are almost universally obtainable—namely, mean annual rainfall and number of days with measurable rain. In the course of this work, the authors found a more general relation between clock-hourly rainfall rate frequencies and the climatological index. Using this relation, rainfall frequencies at any rate are obtained directly from a linear equation and two nomograms. It is also possible to synthesize the complete frequency distribution of rainfall rates and obtain, as a check, the mean annual rainfall. Examples, supplemented by illustrations, are given in the development of this technique and its utilization.

THE MEAN ANNUAL RAINFALL OF MOUNT KENYA

Weather ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. W. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Mean Annual Rainfall ◽  
The Mean

scholarly journals Validation of Satellite Rainfall Products for Western Uganda

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 2030-2038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy E. Diem ◽  
Joel Hartter ◽  
Sadie J. Ryan ◽  
Michael W. Palace
Keyword(s):  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Summer Rainfall ◽  
Seasonal Rainfall ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Boreal Summer ◽  
Time Step ◽  
African Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Total ◽  
Mean Annual Rainfall ◽  
Western Uganda

Abstract Central equatorial Africa is deficient in long-term, ground-based measurements of rainfall; therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the accuracy of three high-resolution, satellite-based rainfall products in western Uganda for the 2001–10 period. The three products are African Rainfall Climatology, version 2 (ARC2); African Rainfall Estimation Algorithm, version 2 (RFE2); and 3B42 from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission, version 7 (i.e., 3B42v7). Daily rainfall totals from six gauges were used to assess the accuracy of satellite-based rainfall estimates of rainfall days, daily rainfall totals, 10-day rainfall totals, monthly rainfall totals, and seasonal rainfall totals. The northern stations had a mean annual rainfall total of 1390 mm, while the southern stations had a mean annual rainfall total of 900 mm. 3B42v7 was the only product that did not underestimate boreal-summer rainfall at the northern stations, which had ~3 times as much rainfall during boreal summer than did the southern stations. The three products tended to overestimate rainfall days at all stations and were borderline satisfactory at identifying rainfall days at the northern stations; the products did not perform satisfactorily at the southern stations. At the northern stations, 3B42v7 performed satisfactorily at estimating monthly and seasonal rainfall totals, ARC2 was only satisfactory at estimating seasonal rainfall totals, and RFE2 did not perform satisfactorily at any time step. The satellite products performed worst at the two stations located in rain shadows, and 3B42v7 had substantial overestimates at those stations.

scholarly journals Rainfall and drought characteristics for crop planning in Palamau region of Jharkhand

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72
Author(s):  
PRAGYAN KUMARI ◽  
RAJAN KUMAROJHA ◽  
AWADOOD WADOOD ◽  
RAMESH KUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Monsoon Period ◽  
Production Risk ◽  
Annual Basis ◽  
Average Annual Rainfall ◽  
Meteorological Droughts

Daily rainfall data of 56 years (1956-2011) of Palamau district of Jharkhand have been considered to analyse the long term average and its temporal variability on weekly, monthly, seasonal and annual basis. The average annual rainfall at Palamau was 1138 mm with 34 per cent coefficient of variation indicating thereby that the rainfall was not much stable over the years. July was the highest rainfall recipient month (332 mm) followed by August (310 mm) during the monsoon period. Trend analysis on rainfall of past 56 years exhibited a decreasing pattern of 8.33 mm and 7.04 mm per year in annual and kharif season rainfall, respectively. Agricultural drought was most frequently observed in early (23-26 SMW) as well as late (37-40 SMW) stages of kharif crops. Meteorological droughts of different intensities, viz., mild, moderate and severe over the observed periods showed that station is prone to mild-moderate type of drought. Short duration, low water requiring but high value crops like maize, pulses, oilseeds and some vegetables can be opted for this region to minimize the production risk.

scholarly journals Evaluation and Application of Multi-Source Satellite Rainfall Product CHIRPS to Assess Spatio-Temporal Rainfall Variability on Data-Sparse Western Margins of Ethiopian Highlands

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 2688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashebir Sewale Belay ◽  
Ayele Almaw Fenta ◽  
Alemu Yenehun ◽  
Fenta Nigate ◽  
Seifu A. Tilahun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Integration Time ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Characteristics ◽  
Mean Annual Rainfall ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Spatio Temporal

The spatio-temporal characteristic of rainfall in the Beles Basin of Ethiopia is poorly understood, mainly due to lack of data. With recent advances in remote sensing, satellite derived rainfall products have become alternative sources of rainfall data for such poorly gauged areas. The objectives of this study were: (i) to evaluate a multi-source rainfall product (Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Stations: CHIRPS) for the Beles Basin using gauge measurements and (ii) to assess the spatial and temporal variability of rainfall across the basin using validated CHIRPS data for the period 1981–2017. Categorical and continuous validation statistics were used to evaluate the performance, and time-space variability of rainfall was analyzed using GIS operations and statistical methods. Results showed a slight overestimation of rainfall occurrence by CHIRPS for the lowland region and underestimation for the highland region. CHIRPS underestimated the proportion of light daily rainfall events and overestimated the proportion of high intensity daily rainfall events. CHIRPS rainfall amount estimates were better in highland regions than in lowland regions, and became more accurate as the duration of the integration time increases from days to months. The annual spatio-temporal analysis result using CHIRPS revealed: a mean annual rainfall of the basin is 1490 mm (1050–2090 mm), a 50 mm increase of mean annual rainfall per 100 m elevation rise, periodical and persistent drought occurrence every 8 to 10 years, a significant increasing trend of rainfall (~5 mm year−1), high rainfall variability observed at the lowland and drier parts of the basin and high coefficient of variation of monthly rainfall in March and April (revealing occurrence of bimodal rainfall characteristics). This study shows that the performance of CHIRPS product can vary spatially within a small basin level, and CHIRPS can help for better decision making in poorly gauged areas by giving an option to understand the space-time variability of rainfall characteristics.

scholarly journals The Geographical Distribution of the Mean Annual Rainfall of Wales and Monmouthshire: Discussion

1909 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Dr. Strahan ◽  
Dr. Mill ◽  
Baldwin Latham ◽  
George Bransby Williams
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Mean Annual Rainfall ◽  
The Mean
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