What you Speak is Not Chinese: The Case of MNC-Tone as a Functional Language in Chinese MNCs

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
pp. 10336
Author(s):  
Yaxi Shen
Keyword(s):  
Functional Language ◽  
Chinese Mncs

Assessing Functional Language in School-Aged Children Using Language Sample Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 622-636
Author(s):  
John Heilmann ◽  
Alexander Tucci ◽  
Elena Plante ◽  
Jon F. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Computer Hardware ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Functional Language ◽  
School Age ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Sample Analysis ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Language Sample Analysis ◽  
Accuracy And Repeatability ◽  
Language Sample

Purpose The goal of this clinical focus article is to illustrate how speech-language pathologists can document the functional language of school-age children using language sample analysis (LSA). Advances in computer hardware and software are detailed making LSA more accessible for clinical use. Method This clinical focus article illustrates how documenting school-age student's communicative functioning is central to comprehensive assessment and how using LSA can meet multiple needs within this assessment. LSA can document students' meaningful participation in their daily life through assessment of their language used during everyday tasks. The many advances in computerized LSA are detailed with a primary focus on the Systematic Analysis of Language Transcripts (Miller & Iglesias, 2019). The LSA process is reviewed detailing the steps necessary for computers to calculate word, morpheme, utterance, and discourse features of functional language. Conclusion These advances in computer technology and software development have made LSA clinically feasible through standardized elicitation and transcription methods that improve accuracy and repeatability. In addition to improved accuracy, validity, and reliability of LSA, databases of typical speakers to document status and automated report writing more than justify the time required. Software now provides many innovations that make LSA simpler and more accessible for clinical use. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12456719

Reverse innovation transfer in Chinese MNCs: The role of political ties and headquarters

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 100829
Author(s):  
Cong Su ◽  
Lingshuang Kong ◽  
Francesco Ciabuschi ◽  
Haifeng Yan
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Innovation ◽  
Political Ties ◽  
Innovation Transfer ◽  
Chinese Mncs

Program bifurcation for a polymorphically typed functional language

1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (9) ◽  
pp. 142-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne De Niel ◽  
Eddy Bevers ◽  
Karel De Vlaminck
Keyword(s):  
Functional Language

scholarly journals Effect of corpus callosum agenesis on the language network in children and adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Bartha-Doering ◽  
Ernst Schwartz ◽  
Kathrin Kollndorfer ◽  
Florian Ph. S. Fischmeister ◽  
Astrid Novak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Functional Language ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Language Abilities ◽  
Verbal Abilities ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Language Network

AbstractThe present study is interested in the role of the corpus callosum in the development of the language network. We, therefore, investigated language abilities and the language network using task-based fMRI in three cases of complete agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC), three cases of partial ACC and six controls. Although the children with complete ACC revealed impaired functions in specific language domains, no child with partial ACC showed a test score below average. As a group, ACC children performed significantly worse than healthy controls in verbal fluency and naming. Furthermore, whole-brain ROI-to-ROI connectivity analyses revealed reduced intrahemispheric and right intrahemispheric functional connectivity in ACC patients as compared to controls. In addition, stronger functional connectivity between left and right temporal areas was associated with better language abilities in the ACC group. In healthy controls, no association between language abilities and connectivity was found. Our results show that ACC is associated not only with less interhemispheric, but also with less right intrahemispheric language network connectivity in line with reduced verbal abilities. The present study, thus, supports the excitatory role of the corpus callosum in functional language network connectivity and language abilities.

scholarly journals A fully abstract semantics for a first-order functional language with logic variables

1991 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 577-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radha Jagadeesan ◽  
Keshav Pingali ◽  
Prakash Panangaden
Keyword(s):  
Functional Language ◽  
First Order ◽  
Abstract Semantics

A system of constructor classes: overloading and implicit higher-order polymorphism

1995 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark P. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Type System ◽  
Type Systems ◽  
Natural Generalization ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Functional Language ◽  
Effective Algorithm ◽  
Prototype Implementation ◽  
Type Classes

AbstractThis paper describes a flexible type system that combines overloading and higher-order polymorphism in an implicitly typed language using a system of constructor classes—a natural generalization of type classes in Haskell. We present a range of examples to demonstrate the usefulness of such a system. In particular, we show how constructor classes can be used to support the use of monads in a functional language. The underlying type system permits higher-order polymorphism but retains many of the attractive features that have made Hindley/Milner type systems so popular. In particular, there is an effective algorithm that can be used to calculate principal types without the need for explicit type or kind annotations. A prototype implementation has been developed providing, amongst other things, the first concrete implementation of monad comprehensions known to us at the time of writing.

Introducing a Use Perspective in Product Design Theory and Methodology

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders V. Warell
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Design Theory ◽  
Functional Language ◽  
Product Systems ◽  
Function Classes ◽  
Life Phase ◽  
Active User ◽  
Design Theory And Methodology ◽  
Machine Systems ◽  
And Function

Abstract In this paper it is argued that methods are needed for the design of a larger variety of product aspects than is feasible with mechanical engineering design methodology of today. Design methods found within the European schools of design are inadequate for the design of products other than machine systems of transforming character. The reason for this is that the underlying theories only describe the nature of ‘operand-transforming’ technical systems, and that the description of the process and function systems are too narrowly defined to be useful for the design of ‘non-transforming’ products, or for products where the human is involved as an active user. The paper takes as the standpoint that the functional language, in accordance with established foundation in engineering design theory, is a successful means to treat usability aspects of human-product systems. An extended process modeling view based on product life-phase thinking including a ‘use-process’ is presented, focusing the attention towards the use, and not merely the workings, of the product. Also, extended definitions of a number of concepts are proposed, and function-classes of the human-product system, leading to a more generally applicable use of functions as a modeling tool when describing products, is introduced. The proposed functional language is illustrated in a product case example.

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