scholarly journals Susceptibility of apple cultivars to bark canker diseases

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Borecki ◽  
Alojzy Czynczyk
Keyword(s):  
Close Correlation ◽  
Phytophthora Cactorum ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Nectria Galligena ◽  
Apple Cultivars

The susceptibility of 26 apple cultivars to four bark parasites: <i>Nectria galligena, Pezicula malicorticis, Stereum purpureum</i> and <i>Phytophthora cactorum</i> was investigated. A close correlation was found between indices of susceptibility to the fungi <i>N. galligena, P. malicorticis</i> and <i>S. purpureum</i> and no correlation between the indices of susceptibility to <i>P. cactorum</i> and the three remaining pathogens. Five groups of susceptibility to the complex of bark canker fungi were distinguished, oomprising three or four species of fungi. Highly susceptible cultivars: 'Delikates', 'Melrose', 'Spartan', 'Prima' and 'Slava Pobeditelam'. Rather susceptible cultivars: 'Starkrimson', 'Hibernal', 'Florina', 'Priscilla', 'Priam', 'Macfree' and 'NY 55-158-2'. Moderately susceptible cultivars: 'Macoun', 'Liberty', 'NY 55-140-9', 'Vista Bella', 'Jerseymac' and 'Šampion', Little susceptible cultivars: 'Discovery', 'Empire', 'Fantazja' and 'Primula', But slightly susceptible cultivars: 'Golden Delicious', 'Idared' and 'NY 58-533-1'.

Variation of Phytochemicals Content in Pulp and Skin of Seven Romanian Apple Cultivars

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 474-477
Author(s):  
Lacramioara Oprica ◽  
Doina Atofanei ◽  
Vladimir Poroch
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Colour Intensity ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Valuable Source ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
Apple Fruits

The amounts of anthocyanins, flavonoids, total polyphenol and ascorbic acid in seven apple cultivars from Romania were investigated. The amounts of polyphenol and flavonoids in pulp and skin of apple cultivars ranged between 17.18�7.52 mg GAE/g DW and 20.10�11.06 mg CE/g DW as well as 3.64�1.18 mg GAE/g DW and 10.31�5.57 mg CE/g DW, respectively. The highest and smallest values of ascorbic acid both in the skin and the pulp were observed in the cultivars Mutsu and Starkrimson. The anthocyanin content is positively correlated with the colour intensity of the apple epicarp, being about three-fold higher in Prima than Golden Delicious cultivar. The better antioxidant activity provided by the content of polyphenol, ascorbic acid and flavonoids was in apple fruits of Mutsu cultivar and for this reason it should be regarded as a valuable source of antioxidants.

Etude ultrastructurale des relations hôte–parasite au cours de l'infection des pommes par le Phytophthora cactorum

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Mourichon ◽  
G. Sallé
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Susceptible Variety ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Phytophthora Cactorum ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Susceptible Host ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Extrahaustorial Matrix ◽  
Apple Fruits

An electron microscopic study was performed on haustoria of Phytophthora cactorum (L. et C.) Schroeter developed in tissues of two cultivars of apple fruits: a susceptible variety ('Golden delicious') and a resistant one ('Belle de Boskoop'). Ultrastructure of intercellular hyphae and some aspects of their penetration between contiguous host cells were described. A light dissolution of the host cell walls was observed. Ontogenic investigations indicated that in the susceptible host, the wall of the fungal haustoria was covered with a dense-stained extrahaustorial matrix. Its origin and its polysaccharide nature were demonstrated. On the other hand, the resistant host developed, immediately after the inoculation, a papilla which gave rise, later on, to a sheath enclosing adult haustoria. The role of these callosic structures in the phenomenon of resistance was discussed.

scholarly journals Seven-year orchard performance of eleven new apple cultivars from Holovousy in comparison with some commonly grown ones

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Blažek ◽  
J. Křelinová
Keyword(s):  
Early Summer ◽  
Trunk Diameter ◽  
Chemical Protection ◽  
Biennial Bearing ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Apple Cultivars

&nbsp;In an orchard trial that was established in the spring of 1999 on M 9 rootstock at the spacing of 4 &times; 1 m, eleven new apple cultivars bred in Holovousy (Angold, Julia, Nabella, Primadela, Produkta, Resista, Rubinstep, Rucla, Selena, Vysočina and Zuzana) were evaluated in comparison with three standard varieties (Gala, Golden Delicious and Jonagold) and another two with resistance to scab (Rosana and Topaz). In the first three years, the incidence of scab and mildew was evaluated under limited chemical protection. In 2000&ndash;2005 on each of 10 randomly selected trees of each cultivar, the time of flowering and optimum harvest ripening were recorded, flower set and fruit sets were rated, yield per tree and weight of 10 fruit samples were measured. Trunk diameter was measured between 2002 and 2005. The early summer apple Julia had the healthiest state and it was recommended for organic growing. Selena was the most precocious, the least vigorous and had the highest crop efficiency. The highest annual yields per tree were recorded with Produkta, but this cultivar had the highest proportion of trees with biennial bearing. Primadela achieved the highest cumulative yields, whereas Angold brought the largest fruits on average. With the obtained results, the evaluated cultivars were characterised by some important features or recommendations for growers. &nbsp;

Relative Susceptibility of Selected Apple Cultivars to Cedar Apple Rust and Quince Rust

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Alan R. Biggs ◽  
David A. Rosenberger ◽  
Keith S. Yoder ◽  
Richard K. Kiyomoto ◽  
Daniel R. Cooley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rust Fungus ◽  
Relative Susceptibility ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Apple Cultivars

Incidences of cedar apple rust and quince rust, caused by Gymnosporangium juniperi-virginianae and G. clavipes, were collected over several years from 1995 (23 entries) and 1999 (22 entries) planting groups of new apple cultivars and selections established at multiple locations. Cultivar Golden Delicious was the standard. Incidence of cedar apple rust on leaves and fruit and quince rust on fruit were analyzed. Only two analyses had significant cultivar × location interactions, suggesting differences within the cedar apple rust fungus. Cedar apple rust on fruit did not vary by location. Incidence of quince rust on fruit varied among cultivars by location. Incidences of cedar apple rust and quince rust on fruit were not related. Accepted for publication 16 August 2009. Published 14 October 2009.

scholarly journals Comparative anatomical study of leaf tissues of scab resistant and susceptible apple cultivars

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Varga ◽  
L. Udvardy
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Spongy Parenchyma ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Blade Thickness ◽  
Palisade And Spongy Parenchyma ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
Cell Thickness

According to previous studies some anatomical features seem to be connected with resistance or susceptibility to scab caused by Venturia ineaqulis (Cke./Wint.) in case of a given cultivar. Study of leaf anatomy of three scab resistant (‘Prima’, ‘Florina’, MR–12) and two susceptible (‘Watson Jonathan’, ‘Golden Delicious Reinders’) apple cultivars have been made. Preserved preparations made of leaves has been studied by light microscope. Studied parameters were: thickness of leaf blade, thickness of palisade and spongy parenchyma, thickness of epidermal cells, thickness of the cuticle. By measuring leaf thickness and epidermal cell thickness visible differences appeared in certain cultivars, while most conspicuous difference has been shown in thickness of the cuticle.

scholarly journals Relative Susceptibility of Selected Apple Cultivars to Fruit Rot Caused by Botryosphaeria obtusa

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan R. Biggs ◽  
Stephen S. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Field Data ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Relative Susceptibility ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Botryosphaeria Obtusa ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
Lesion Growth

Twenty-three apple (Malus ×domestica) cultivars were tested in the field and laboratory for their relative susceptibility to the black rot pathogen, Botryosphaeria obtusa. Wounded fruit were inoculated in the field at 2 to 3 weeks preharvest with mycelium from 14- to 21-day-old cultures. In the laboratory, detached fruit were inoculated similarly. Fruit were rated for relative susceptibility to the fungus by determining disease severity of attached fruit in the field based on lesion growth (mm/degree-day) and detached fruit in laboratory inoculations of wounded fruit (mean lesion diameter after 4 days). Based on the laboratory and field data from two growing seasons, cultivars were classified into three relative susceptibility groups—most susceptible: `Orin', `Pristine', and Sunrise'; moderately susceptible: `Suncrisp', `Ginger Gold', `Senshu', `Honeycrisp', `PioneerMac', `Fortune', NY75414, `Arlet', `Golden Supreme', `Shizuka', `Cameo', `Sansa', and `Yataka'; and least susceptible: `Creston', `Golden Delicious', `Enterprise', `Gala Supreme', `Braeburn', `GoldRush', and `Fuji'. Compared to previous cultivar rankings, the results of the present study indicate that no new apple cultivars from the first NE-183 planting show greater resistance to Botryosphaeria obtusa than current standard cultivars.

scholarly journals Effects of Thermal and High-Pressure Processing on Quality Features and the Volatile Profiles of Cloudy Juices Obtained from Golden Delicious, Pinova, and Red Delicious Apple Cultivars

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 3046
Author(s):  
Claudia Maria Liberatore ◽  
Martina Cirlini ◽  
Tommaso Ganino ◽  
Massimiliano Rinaldi ◽  
Silvia Tomaselli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Time Pressure ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
High Pressure Processing ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Volatile Profile ◽  
Stabilization Treatment ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Apple Cultivars

In this study, juices extracted from three apple cultivars (Golden Delicious, Pinova, and Red Delicious) were stabilized by means of thermal treatment (TT) and high-pressure processing (HPP, 600 MPa 3 min); pH, total titratable acidity, total soluble solids content, color, and viscosity, as well as volatile profile, were investigated. Qualitative characteristics (pH, titratable acidity, colorimetric parameters, viscosity, and volatile profile) results were significantly influenced by both cultivars and treatments; for example, juice viscosity greatly increased after HPP treatment for Golden Delicious, and after both TT and HPP for Pinova, while no influence of stabilization treatment was registered for Red Delicious juices. Regarding the volatile profile, for Golden Delicious cultivar, HPP treatment determined an increase in volatile compounds for most of the classes considered, leading to a supposed quality implementation. For the other two cultivars, the stabilization treatment that better preserved the volatile profile was the HPP one, even if the results were quite similar to the thermal treatment. Further studies are needed to evaluate different time/pressure combinations that could give better results, depending on the specific apple cultivar.

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