scholarly journals Antifungal (Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici) activity of various glycosides of medicagenic acid

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Stefan Martyniuk ◽  
Marian Jurzysta
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis ◽  
Control Medium ◽  
Corn Meal ◽  
Corn Meal Agar ◽  
Medicagenic Acid ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis Var Tritici

Different concentrations of medicagenic acid and five glycosides of this acid isolated from alfalfa (<i>Medicago sativa</i>) were added to agar medium (corn meal agar, CMA) inoculated with cultures of <i>Gaeumannomyces graminis</i> var. <i>tritici</i> (Ggt). After 7 days of incubation at 25<sup>o</sup>C colony radius was measured and % of inhibition calculated in relation to the control medium (CMA enriched with the solvent of the tested compounds). Within the tested concentrations, only 3-O-<i>β</i> -D -glucopiranoside medicagenate (monoglucoside) significantly reduced the growth of Ggt on CMA medium. This compound at 0.05 mM concentration completely inhibited the development of the fungus and the effect was shown to be fungi-toxic.

Interaction of Certain Isolates of Soil Fungi With Gaeumannomyces graminis var. Tritici on Agar Media

1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 411 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Sivasithamparam ◽  
CA Parker
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis Var Tritici ◽  
Take All

One hundred and thirty-two isolates of fungi from the rhizosphere of wheat were tested for interaction with the take-all fungus (Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici) on a nutrient-rich and a nutrient-poor agar medium. Ten different types of interaction were observed. A 'window' type of lysis of the pathogen, not previously described for any fungus, was observed only when it was paired with certain isolates on the nutrient-poor medium. The pathogen was able to inhibit the growth of certain soil fungi on a nutrient-poor medium.

scholarly journals Culture and physiological variability in Rhizoctonia solani, responsible for foliar and lesions on aerial part of soybean

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Lalan Sharma ◽  
Sanjay Goswami ◽  
D. T. Nagrale
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Broth Culture ◽  
Corn Meal ◽  
Corn Meal Agar ◽  
Optimum Growth Temperature ◽  
Foliar Blight ◽  
Physiological Variability

Foliar blight of soybean is one of the major fungal diseases. Rhizoctonia solani isolated from soybean growing in tarai regions of Uttarakhand. Six isolates of R. solani has been characterized on the basis of cultural and physiological nature such as colony diameter, growth, colour and sclerotia formation were recorded. Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) was found best for growth and development. Two isolates (Lakhimpur and Pantnagar) covered the whole plates (90 mm) in 48 hrs. However, maximum number of sclerotia and weight was recorded on Czapek Dox agar medium. Overall radial growth supporting is recorded Corn Meal Agar Medium. Varied range of temperatures i.e. 10, 15, 25, 30, 35 and 400C was tested and found better growth of different isolates of R. solani at 10 - 400C, with an optimum growth temperature at 300C. Isolates were grown on five broth media (Asthana & Hawkers, Potato Dextrose Agar, Czapek’s Dox Agar, Corn Meal Agar and Richards Agar) for fresh, dry weight and oat meal broth culture filtrates of all isolates was used in phytotoxic effects. It recorded that maximum fresh and dry weight was observed on corn meal agar medium. The maximum reduction in radical and plumule length of germinating seeds were recorded in Haldichaur isolate.

scholarly journals Detection of Gaeumannomyces Graminis Var. Tritici in Wheat Stubble

1973 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
GC Mac Nish
Keyword(s):  
Visual Assessment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Wheat Stubble ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis Var Tritici

Two methods (visual assessment and a bioassay) of detecting the presence of G. graminis var. tritici in wheat stubble were compared. Of the stubble visually assessed as infected, only 4 % was not confirmed as infected by the bioassay. On the other hand, the bioassay showed that 41 % of the stubble visually assessed as free of infection was incorrectly assigned.

scholarly journals Isolation, Characterization, and Sensitivity to 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol of Isolates of Phialophora spp. from Washington Wheat Fields

2010 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 404-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youn-Sig Kwak ◽  
Peter A. H. M. Bakker ◽  
Debora C. M. Glandorf ◽  
Jennifer T. Rice ◽  
Timothy C. Paulitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Comparison ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Oat Cultivars ◽  
Eastern Washington ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis Var Tritici ◽  
Take All

Dark pigmented fungi of the Gaeumannomyces–Phialophora complex were isolated from the roots of wheat grown in fields in eastern Washington State. These fungi were identified as Phialophora spp. on the basis of morphological and genetic characteristics. The isolates produced lobed hyphopodia on wheat coleoptiles, phialides, and hyaline phialospores. Sequence comparison of internal transcribed spacer regions indicated that the Phialophora isolates were clearly separated from other Gaeumannomyces spp. Primers AV1 and AV3 amplified 1.3-kb portions of an avenacinase-like gene in the Phialophora isolates. Phylogenetic trees of the avenacinase-like gene in the Phialophora spp. also clearly separated them from other Gaeumannomyces spp. The Phialophora isolates were moderately virulent on wheat and barley and produced confined black lesions on the roots of wild oat and two oat cultivars. Among isolates tested for their sensitivity to 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (2,4-DAPG), the 90% effective dose values were 11.9 to 48.2 μg ml–1. A representative Phialophora isolate reduced the severity of take-all on wheat caused by two different isolates of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. To our knowledge, this study provides the first report of an avenacinase-like gene in Phialophora spp. and demonstrated that the fungus is significantly less sensitive to 2,4-DAPG than G. graminis var. tritici.

Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1973 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis ◽  
Root Infection ◽  
Root Death ◽  
Meristematic Region ◽  
Germ Tubes ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis Var Tritici ◽  
Take All

Abstract A description is provided for Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Gramineae, especially Triticum, Hordeum, Secale, Agropyron and several other grass genera and, more rarely, Sorghum and Zea; also recorded from the roots of plants in other families. DISEASE: Take-all of cereals and grasses (also referred to as deadheads or whiteheads, pietin and pied noir (France), Schwarzbeinigkeit and Ophiobolus Fusskrankheit (Germany), Ophiobolusvoetziekt (Netherlands) and others). Root infection is favoured by soil temperature from 12-20°C (Butler, 1961). Ascospore germ tubes penetrate root hairs and the epidermis in the meristematic region (Weste, 1972) leading to plugging of xylem and root death. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: (CMI Map 334, ed. 3, 1972). Widespread, especially in temperate zones. Africa; Asia (India, Iran, Japan, USSR): Australasia and Oceania; Europe; North America (Canada, USA); South America (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Uruguay). TRANSMISSION: In soil on infected organic fragments, as runner hyphae on roots of cereals and grasses and, under special conditions, by ascospores. Seed transmission very doubtful (47, 3058).

Time Saving in the Preparation of Corn Meal Agar and in the Identification of Yeast-like Fungi

Mycologia ◽  
1946 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernst Bernhardt
Keyword(s):  
Corn Meal ◽  
Corn Meal Agar ◽  
Time Saving

Biological Control of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici on Wheat with Some Isolates of Pseudomonas fluorescens

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1205-1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Sari ◽  
H.R. Etebarian . ◽  
A. Roustaei . ◽  
H. Aminian .
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis Var Tritici

scholarly journals Correction to: Wheat root transcriptional responses against Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Haixia Yan ◽  
Mingcong Xia ◽  
Xiaoyun Han ◽  
Lihua Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Root ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis ◽  
Transcriptional Responses ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis Var Tritici
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