scholarly journals THE ASSESSMENT OF SPECIAL LANSCAPE CUTTING OF SCOTS PINE PINUS SYLVESTRIS L. FOREST STANDS IN THE FOREST PARK MEZAPARKS OF RIGA, LATVIA

Author(s):  
Inga Straupe
2015 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-249
Author(s):  
Paweł Przybylski

Abstract Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is the most common species in Poland’s forest stands. The mode of pine stands renovation requires that silviculture practitioners have continuous access to seed banks. Orchard-grown seeds are predicted to constitute an increasingly larger part of the average demand for pine seeds in Poland. Seed orchards, due to a limited number of maternal trees as well as the irregularity of their blooming and pollination, enhance the risk of genetic diversity reduction in planted forest stands. This is of particular importance in the context of dynamic climate change. Markers based on microsatellite DNA fragments are effective tools for monitoring genetic variability. In the present study, three different microsatellite DNA fragments were used: SPAC 12.5, SPAG 7.14 and SPAC 11.4. The main objective of this research was to study genetic variability in one of the biggest seed orchards in Poland, located in the Forest District Susz. The obtained results indicated heterozygosity loss within the orchard, proving the existence of specimen selection effects on genetic variability. Hence, it seems quite important to take account of molecular genetic variability of maternal trees in future breeding strategies.


2020 ◽  
Vol XIII ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Maciej Hałuszczak

For many years, the Skwierzyna Forest District has been a leader among 35 units of the Regional Directorate of State Forests in Szczecin in terms of the area of the obtained natural regeneration of Scots pine. In the Skwierzyna Forest District in the period 2010-2018, 522.93 ha of natural regeneration was recognized, which constitutes 43% of the total regeneration, the habitat of fresh mixed coniferous forest and fresh coniferous forest as optimal for obtaining regeneration of the natural pine. In the spring date of plowing, the forest plow LPz-75 is applied, as the best for obtaining satisfactory self-seeding. The basic method of natural regeneration of pine in the Skwierzyna Forest Inspectorate is the use of a strip-like clear cutting (Ib) in the form of classic narrow sheds, with a cutting width of up to 60 m. It is noteworthy that in the woodcutting the under-eaves undergrowths, arising in forest stands close to the harvest, are left intact and later used within the naturally renovated area.


Author(s):  
Л.С. Ветров ◽  
И.В. Никифорчин

Общеизвестно, что условия произрастания древесных пород в городской черте резко отличаются от естественной среды. Наличие постоянного антропогенного воздействия оказывает существенное влияние на рост и развитие деревьев, особенно хвойных пород. Объектом исследования явились естественные древостои сосны (Pinus sylvestris) лесопарка «Сосновка», произрастающие в городских условиях. В результате обмеров на пробных площадях были получены ряды распределения деревьев сосны по ступеням толщины и категориям состояния деревьев. Расчетные значения индексов категорий состояния деревьев (1,57-1,86) показали, что древостои сосны относятся к категории ослабленных. Математико-статистический анализ рядов распределения позволил установить некоторые отклонения в строении древостоев от закономерностей, присущих древостоям не подверженных антропогенному влиянию. Так, значения коэффициентов изменчивости диаметров на всех пробных площадях меньше порогового значения, установленного для пригородных древостоев. Следовательно, исследуемые насаждения испытывают комплексное влияние рекреантов, загазованности воздушной среды и других факторов, которые отражаются на строении древостоев. На двух опытных объектах получены отрицательные значения коэффициента асимметрии рядов распределения по диаметру, что характерно для перестойных древостоев, прекративших рост, несмотря на их фактический 95-летний возраст. Значения коэффициентов асимметрии и эксцесса рядов распределения по диаметру не превышают в три раза свою собственную ошибку, следовательно, распределение деревьев близко к нормальному. В качестве теоретических моделей рядов распределения рассмотрены распределения: Грама-Шарлье и Пирсона I и III типов. Верификация экспериментальных рядов распределения деревьев по диаметру в объекте исследования с данными их теоретического моделирования проверялось путем расчета критерия хи-квадрат Пирсона и последующим сравнением его с табличным значением. Установлено, что математическое представление рядов распределения по диаметру в условиях лесопарка «Сосновка» с вероятностью 95% может осуществляться по распределению Грама-Шарлье. It is well-known that conditions of growth of tree species in city line differ from habitat markedly. Existence of continuous anthropogenous influence renders an essential consequence on growth and development of trees, especially coniferous breeds. Object of research were natural forest stands of a pine (Pinus sylvestris) of a forest park Sosnovka growing in city conditions. As a result of measurements on trial the areas ranks of distribution of trees of a pine on steps of thickness and categories of state of trees have been received. Calculated values of indexes of categories of state of trees (1.57-1.86) have shown that forest stands of a pine belong to the category of weakened. The mathematico-statistical analysis of ranks of distribution has allowed to establish some deviations in a structure of forest stands from the regularities inherent in forest stands not subject to anthropogenous influence. So, value of coefficients of variability of diameters into all trial squares there is less threshold value placed for suburban forest stands. Therefore, the studied plantings come under complex influence of rekreant, a gas contamination of the air environment and other factors which it is reflected in a structure of forest stands. On two skilled objects negative values of coefficient of asymmetry of ranks of distribution on diameter are received that is characteristic for the old of the forest stands which have stopped growth despite their actual 95-year age. Values of coefficients of asymmetry and an excess of ranks of distribution on diameter, don't exceed three times an own mistake, therefore, distribution of trees close to normal. As theoretical models of ranks of distribution distributions are considered: Grama-Charlier's and Pearson of I and III types. Verification of experimental ranks of distribution of trees on diameter in object of research with data of their theoretical modeling it was checked by calculation of criterion Pearson's chi-square and his subsequent comparison with tabular value. It is established that mathematical representation of ranks of distribution on diameter in the conditions of a forest park Sosnovka with probability of 95% can be carried out on Grama-Charlier's distribution.


2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Berg

Nitrogen fertilization increased concentrations of N, P, S, and K in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) needle litter, and in those of N, S, and Ca in Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). Lignin concentrations increased for both species. Initial rates and limit values for decomposition were estimated using a simple equation. For Scots pine litter, initial rates ranged between 0.0618 and 0.2986%/day with P, K, N, and Mg being positively related, but lignin and Ca negatively related. For Norway spruce, initial rates were low (0.0455-0.1007%/day) and positively related with initial concentrations of water solubles, K, and P but negatively with N, Ca, and lignin. Limit values for Scots pine litter ranged from 53.1 to 94.3% decomposition in fertilized plots and from 71.5 to 93.2% in controls. They were negatively related to N concentrations and positively to Mn and Ca. Limit values for Norway spruce litter ranged from 53.8 to 74.3% in controls and from 48 to 71.3% in fertilized plots and were positively correlated to Mn and Ca but not to N. The paper concludes that N fertilization will increase the fraction of Scots pine litter that accumulates as humus but not for Norway spruce.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (43) ◽  
pp. 5-5
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  

Urban forested areas play an important role in maintaining a high quality of life in an urbanized society. They are assigned the main function in smoothing out negative factors of production and creating a favorable environmental environment. The growth and development of woody plants in urban environments often differs significantly from natural conditions. This factor is particularly acute in the work of the assimilation apparatus. The study of the content of pigments (chlorophylls a, b and carotenoids) in the annual conifer of scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) was determined in extracts using spectrophotometric analysis. As a result of the study, experimental data were obtained on changes in the pigment system in the coniferous pine needles with an increase in the level of contamination. The analysis of photosynthetic features of scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in the studied forest park zones in the city of Yelets with a complex index of atmospheric pollution at the level of "low", showed minor differences in the sum Keywords: SCOTS PINE, CHLOROPHYLLS, CAROTENOIDS, INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION, LIPETSK REGION


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