Amylin under examination. Fibrillogenic potential of the troublesome molecule

Cell Dysfunction ◽

Insulin Dependent ◽

Methodological Difficulties

In patients or animals affected by 2 type diabetes mellitus (diabetes mellitus type 2 DM2, non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus NIDDM) some pathological deposits, called amyloid are observed among cells of islets of Langerhans. Among others constituents deposits consist of insoluble, fibrillar form of polipeptide neurohormone called amylin, produced by pancreatic beta cells.. It is thought that formation of fibrillar deposits of misfolded and aggregated polipeptide is highly toxic to beta cells and leads to cell dysfunction, cell loss, pancreas destruction and progress of the disease. Due to the extreme insolubility of this polipeptide and its instant fibrillation amylin constitutes a methodological problem and there is a need for a special methodology in experiments. This article reviews the most important experiments aimed at discovering fibrillogenic potential of amylin and models of interaction of the polipeptide’s monomers in man and rat. Numerous methodological difficulties in amylin research has been also emphasized.

Alterations in basal and glucose-stimulated voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel activities in pancreatic beta cells of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus GK rats.

Journal of Clinical Investigation ◽

10.1172/jci118688 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 97 (11) ◽

pp. 2417-2425 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

S Kato ◽

H Ishida ◽

Y Tsuura ◽

K Tsuji ◽

M Nishimura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Beta Cells ◽

Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽

Gk Rats ◽

Voltage Dependent ◽

Insulin Dependent

Assessment of insulin secretion in relatives of patients with type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus: Evidence of early β-cell dysfunction

Metabolism ◽

10.1053/meta.2000.6737 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 49 (7) ◽

pp. 896-905 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

B. Nyholm ◽

N. Pørksen ◽

C.B. Juhl ◽

C.H. Gravholt ◽

P.C. Butler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Insulin Secretion ◽

Β Cell ◽

Cell Dysfunction ◽

Insulin Dependent

Endogenous secretion of insulin and its relationship with immunogenetic markers in infants with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Problems of Endocrinology ◽

10.14341/probl11327 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 4-6

Author(s):

I. V. Osokina ◽

L. N. Scherbacheva ◽

N. B. Lebedev ◽

I. M. Belovalova ◽

A. P. Knyazeva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

High Risk ◽

Beta Cells ◽

Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽

C Peptide ◽

Insulin Dependent ◽

Hla Phenotype

The level of C-peptide is a marker determining the clinical course of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). The factors influencing the volume of residual endogenous secretion of insulin in IDDM patients are not yet well known. In order to elucidate the effect of HLA-phenotype on the residual function .of pancreatic beta-cells and the course of diabetes, 114 children, 55 boys and 59 girls aged 8 months to 6.5 years, suffering from IDDM, were examined. HLA phenotype was detected by the standard microlymphocytotoxic test. Fifty-nine HLA antigens of classes I and II, locuses A, B, DR, DQ were taken into consideration. Basal and radial C-peptide was assessed by radioimmunoassay. The pancreatic insulin-secretory function was found reduced in young patients with IDDM. The mean values of C- peptide were 0.13 ± 0.01 nmol/liter. Residual secretion of insulin was revealed in 56.2% of children. HLA markers of high risk of IDDM development in the first yeais of life were revealed: DQw3. DR3/4. DR4, DR3, B8 antigens. The markers of high risk of diabetes DR3 and DR4, and moreover, DR3/4. as well as the age by the disease onset and duration of IDDM were found to influence the size and duration of functioning of beta-cells.

Endogenous secretion of insulin and its relationship with immunogenetic markers in infants with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Problems of Endocrinology ◽

10.14341/probl11317 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 4-6

Author(s):

I. V. Osokina ◽

L. N. Scherbacheva ◽

N. B. Lebedev ◽

I. M. Belovalova ◽

A. P. Knyazeva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

High Risk ◽

Beta Cells ◽

Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽

C Peptide ◽

Insulin Dependent ◽

Hla Phenotype

RESULTS:The level of C-peptide is a marker determining the clinical course of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). The factors influencing the volume of residual endogenous secretion of insulin in IDDM patients are not yet well known. In order to elucidate the effect of HLA-phenotype on the residual function .of pancreatic beta-cells and the course of diabetes, 114 children, 55 boys and 59 girls aged 8 months to 6.5 years, suffering from IDDM, were examined. HLA phenotype was detected by the standard microlymphocytotoxic test. Fifty-nine HLA antigens of classes I and II, locuses A, B, DR, DQ were taken into consideration. Basal and radial C-peptide was assessed by radioimmunoassay. The pancreatic insulin-secretory function was found reduced in young patients with IDDM. The mean values of C- peptide were 0.13 ± 0.01 nmol/liter. Residual secretion of insulin was revealed in 56.2% of children. HLA markers of high risk of IDDM development in the first yeais of life were revealed: DQw3. DR3/4. DR4, DR3, B8 antigens. The markers of high risk of diabetes DR3 and DR4, and moreover, DR3/4. as well as the age by the disease onset and duration of IDDM were found to influence the size and duration of functioning of beta-cells.