Comenius' man in the context of internal and external freedom towards physical, intellectual and emotional spheres

Siedleckie Zeszyty Komeniologiczne, seria PEDAGOGIKA ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0013.6259 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol VI ◽

pp. 305-316

Author(s):

Ewa Wyczółkowska

Keyword(s):

Free Will ◽

Explanatory Power ◽

Sensory Stimuli ◽

Spiritual World ◽

Rational Part ◽

Logical Order ◽

Degree Of Justification ◽

Animal Part

Is comeniology a science? This question becomes the guiding thought of my contem-plations. I conduct the analysis of John A. Comenius's concept according to the selected scientific criteria: logical order, levels of theory, explanatory power, heuristic power, degree of persuasion and degree of justification, power of prediction, language and methods. I accept the image of a man as a triad involving spirit (immortal part connected with the spiritual world), soul (rational part considering the free will given by the Creator) and body (animal part and the part of the soul capable of perceiving sensory stimuli). In my article I am searching for a proper in-terpretation of Comenius' concept of a free man that was based on observation and experience.

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Aquinas

Ethics Through History ◽

10.1093/oso/9780199603701.003.0009 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 83-100

Author(s):

Terence Irwin

Keyword(s):

Free Will ◽

Human Nature ◽

Practical Reason ◽

Natural Law ◽

Human Society ◽

Human Beings ◽

Divine Grace ◽

Social Nature ◽

Rational Part ◽

The Will

Aquinas develops Aristotelian themes as a foundation for his account of the Christian virtues. The will is both rational, being directed towards the ultimate good, and free, being determined by practical reason about what contributes to the ultimate good. Virtue is the good use of free will; it requires both the appropriate training of the passions (the non-rational part of the soul) and the correct practical reason. Practical reason finds the first principles of the natural law (the rational principles that are suitable for human nature), and the action-guiding rules that specify the implications of the natural law for human beings with a social nature, and for human society. The virtues, embodying the natural law, guide us towards the good that is proper to human beings. They do not guide us all the way, because we are subject to the influence of the sins that turn us away from God. Divine grace moves our free will to overcome the effects of these sins, and to form the Christian virtues that lead us towards the complete good.

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Heart Rate Variability, Homeostasis, and Brain Function

Journal of Psychophysiology ◽

10.1027/0269-8803/a000080 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 178-203 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Francesco Riganello ◽

Sergio Garbarino ◽

Walter G. Sannita

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Heart Rate Variability ◽

Vegetative State ◽

Communication Disorders ◽

Affective States ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Cardiovascular Research ◽

Sensory Stimuli ◽

Additional Information ◽

Brain Injured

Measures of heart rate variability (HRV) are major indices of the sympathovagal balance in cardiovascular research. These measures are thought to reflect complex patterns of brain activation as well and HRV is now emerging as a descriptor thought to provide information on the nervous system organization of homeostatic responses in accordance with the situational requirements. Current models of integration equate HRV to the affective states as parallel outputs of the central autonomic network, with HRV reflecting its organization of affective, physiological, “cognitive,” and behavioral elements into a homeostatic response. Clinical application is in the study of patients with psychiatric disorders, traumatic brain injury, impaired emotion-specific processing, personality, and communication disorders. HRV responses to highly emotional sensory inputs have been identified in subjects in vegetative state and in healthy or brain injured subjects processing complex sensory stimuli. In this respect, HRV measurements can provide additional information on the brain functional setup in the severely brain damaged and would provide researchers with a suitable approach in the absence of conscious behavior or whenever complex experimental conditions and data collection are impracticable, as it is the case, for example, in intensive care units.

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When Mother Earth Rises Up

Social Psychology ◽

10.1027/1864-9335/a000112 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 271-277 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Simona Sacchi ◽

Paolo Riva ◽

Marco Brambilla

Keyword(s):

Free Will ◽

Natural Disasters ◽

Natural Disaster ◽

Mental States ◽

Disaster Victims ◽

Willingness To Help ◽

Mother Earth

Anthropomorphization is the tendency to ascribe humanlike features and mental states, such as free will and consciousness, to nonhuman beings or inanimate agents. Two studies investigated the consequences of the anthropomorphization of nature on people’s willingness to help victims of natural disasters. Study 1 (N = 96) showed that the humanization of nature correlated negatively with willingness to help natural disaster victims. Study 2 (N = 52) tested for causality, showing that the anthropomorphization of nature reduced participants’ intentions to help the victims. Overall, our findings suggest that humanizing nature undermines the tendency to support victims of natural disasters.

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