Acute Otitis Media in Children with and without Group A ^|^beta;-hemolytic Streptococcal Infection

2013 ◽  
Vol 106 (5) ◽  
pp. 397-402
Author(s):  
Yoshifumi Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Streptococcal Infection ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Group A

scholarly journals Group A streptococcus acute otitis media progressing to neuroinvasive disease in adults

IDCases ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 161-164
Author(s):  
Kavin M. Patel ◽  
Jennie E. Johnson ◽  
Jerrold L. Boxerman ◽  
Gerard J. Nau
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Neuroinvasive Disease ◽  
Group A

ERYTHROMYCIN CONCENTRATIONS IN MIDDLE EAR EXUDATES

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Bass ◽  
Russell W. Steele ◽  
Robert A. Wiebe ◽  
Edwin P. Dierdorff
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
Group A ◽  
Lancefield Group

Children with acute otitis media were treated with oral esters of erythromycin in doses of 12.5 mg/kg at 6-hour intervals for 24 hours (50 mg/kg/day). Two hours after the last dose serum and middle ear exudates obtained by needle aspiration were assayed for erythromycin levels. Gram stained smears and cultures of the middle ear exudates were obtained and correlated with the levels of erythromycin found in the exudates. Concentrations of the drug were found in middle ear exudates sufficient to be effective against essentially all strains of D. pneumoniae and Lancefield Group A beta hemolytic streptococci. These results may explain why erythromycin is highly effective in the treatment of acute otitis media due to these organisms. Penetration of erythromycin into middle ear exudates may not be sufficient in some cases to eradicate all strains of H. inflenzae and therefore otitis media due to this organism may not respond as readily to therapy with this agent.

scholarly journals Outcomes of Recurrent Acute Otitis Media in Children Treated for Dental Malocclusion: A Preliminary Report

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edoardo Bernkopf ◽  
Andrea Lovato ◽  
Giulia Bernkopf ◽  
Luciano Giacomelli ◽  
Giovanni Carlo De Vincentis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Skin Test ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Adenoid Hypertrophy ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Recurrent Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Dental Malocclusion

Aim. To investigate the role of dental malocclusion treatment in the outcomes of Recurrent Acute Otitis Media (RAOM). Materials and Methods. The clinical outcome (number of acute recurrences in 12 months) of 61 consecutive children treated medically for RAOM was analysed. Children underwent an odontostomatologic evaluation, a fiberoptic endoscopy, and skin-prick tests. Results. 32 children (group A) were diagnosed with dental malocclusion and treated with a mandibular repositioning plate. Dental malocclusion was ruled out in the other 29 patients with RAOM, and they were used as controls (group B). The two groups were homogeneous in terms of sex, exposure to RAOM risk factors, skin test results, and adenoid hypertrophy, while age was significantly higher in group A. Age, sex, exposure to RAOM risk factors, adenoid hypertrophy, and skin test results were not associated with RAOM outcome. Children in group A treated for dental malocclusion were strongly associated with a lower number of acute episode recurrences at both univariate (p<0.0001) and multivariate analysis (p=0.001). Conclusions. RAOM showed better outcomes in children with dental malocclusion wearing a mandibular repositioning device. Dental malocclusion in children with RAOM may play a role in the pathogenesis of Eustachian tube dysfunction.

A case of group A streptococcal meningitis following acute otitis media

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 299-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabnam Golmarvi ◽  
Katleen Devue ◽  
S. Hachimi-Idrissi
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Group A ◽  
Streptococcal Meningitis

scholarly journals Severe acute otitis media and mastoiditis caused by group A beta‐hemolytic streptococcus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juha T. Laakso ◽  
Valtteri Rissanen ◽  
Eeva Ruotsalainen ◽  
Jarkko Korpi ◽  
Anu Laulajainen‐Hongisto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Hemolytic Streptococcus ◽  
Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus ◽  
Group A

Incidence of Pharyngitis, Sinusitis, Acute Otitis Media, and Outpatient Antibiotic Prescribing Preventable by Vaccination Against Group A Streptococcus in the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A Lewnard ◽  
Laura M King ◽  
Katherine E Fleming-Dutra ◽  
Ruth Link-Gelles ◽  
Chris A Van Beneden
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
The United States ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
World Health ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Outpatient Visits ◽  
Group A

Abstract Background Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a leading cause of acute respiratory conditions that frequently result in antibiotic prescribing. Vaccines against GAS are currently in development. Methods We estimated the incidence rates of healthcare visits and antibiotic prescribing for pharyngitis, sinusitis, and acute otitis media (AOM) in the United States using nationally representative surveys of outpatient care provision, supplemented by insurance claims data. We estimated the proportion of these episodes attributable to GAS and to GAS emm types included in a proposed 30-valent vaccine. We used these outputs to estimate the incidence rates of outpatient visits and antibiotic prescribing preventable by GAS vaccines with various efficacy profiles under infant and school-age dosing schedules. Results GAS pharyngitis causes 19.1 (95% confidence interval [CI], 17.3–21.1) outpatient visits and 10.2 (95% CI, 9.0–11.5) antibiotic prescriptions per 1000 US persons aged 0–64 years, annually. GAS pharyngitis causes 93.2 (95% CI, 82.3–105.3) visits and 53.2 (95% CI, 45.2–62.5) antibiotic prescriptions per 1000 children ages 3–9 years, annually, representing 5.9% (95% CI, 5.1–7.0%) of all outpatient antibiotic prescribing in this age group. Collectively, GAS-attributable pharyngitis, sinusitis, and AOM cause 26.9 (95% CI, 23.9–30.8) outpatient visits and 16.1 (95% CI, 14.0–18.7) antibiotic prescriptions per 1000 population, annually. A 30-valent GAS vaccine meeting the World Health Organization’s 80% efficacy target could prevent 5.4% (95% CI, 4.6–6.4%) of outpatient antibiotic prescriptions among children aged 3–9 years. If vaccine prevention of GAS pharyngitis made the routine antibiotic treatment of pharyngitis unnecessary, up to 17.1% (95% CI, 15.0–19.6%) of outpatient antibiotic prescriptions among children aged 3–9 years could be prevented. Conclusions An efficacious GAS vaccine could prevent substantial incidences of pharyngitis infections and associated antibiotic prescribing in the United States.

Labyrinthine involvement and multiple perforations of the tympanic membrane in acute otitis media due to group A streptococci

2000 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeharu Kanazawa ◽  
Hideo Hagiwara ◽  
Ken Kitamura
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Systemic Steroid ◽  
Group A Streptococci ◽  
Tympanic Membrane Perforations ◽  
Mixed Hearing Loss ◽  
Group A ◽  
Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss

We present here three cases of acute otitis media caused by a virulent group A streptococcal infection that rapidly led to deterioration in hearing. Two of the three cases presented with severe sensorineural and mixed hearing loss with multiple tympanic membrane perforations, and the third presented with severe bilateral sensorineural hearing loss following acute otitis media involving group A streptococci. All patients were treated with systemic (piperacillin) and topical antibiotics (ofloxacin ear drops): one patient also received a systemic steroid (betamethasone). Deafness persisted in one patient but in the other two, hearing gradually recovered. Severe cytotoxicity was considered to have occurred in all patients, resulting in multiple perforations of the tympanic membrane and necrosis in the middle ear.

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