scholarly journals Rumen bacteria influence milk protein yield of yak grazing on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingshan Fan ◽  
Metha Wanapat ◽  
Fujiang Hou
Keyword(s):  
Milk Protein ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Rumen Bacteria ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

scholarly journals Chemical Composition of Milk and Rumen Microbiome Diversity of Yak, Impacting by Herbage Grown at Different Phenological Periods on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingshan Fan ◽  
Metha Wanapat ◽  
Fujiang Hou
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Yak Milk ◽  
Milk Protein Content ◽  
Fermentation Parameters ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

To estimate how native herbage of three different phenological periods modify rumen performance and milk quality of yak grazing alpine meadow. In this study, milk composition and the diversity of the rumen microbial community were measured in 12 full-grazing female yaks on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). The nutrient composition of three phenological periods was determined: Vegetative stage (VS), bloom stage (BS), and senescent stage (SS). High-throughput sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was used. The results showed that crude protein (CP) content of herbage in BS was higher than that in vs. and SS (p < 0.05), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content of herbage in SS was higher than that in vs. and BS (p < 0.05). Milk solids and fat contents were higher in the vs. and SS than in BS (p < 0.05). However, milk protein content was higher for the vs. and BS than those for SS (p < 0.05). The total volatile fatty acid (VFA), acetate, and propionate concentrations were higher in vs. and BS than in SS (p < 0.05). The community richness estimates (Chao1 estimator) of vs. were higher than that in BS and the SS (p < 0.05). The diversity indices (Shannon index) of the BS were higher than that vs. and the SS (p < 0.05). Spearman correlation analysis between the milk composition, ruminal fermentation parameters, and the relative abundances of the rumen bacteria showed that milk protein content, total VFA, acetate, and propionate concentrations were positively correlated with the relative abundances of the genera Desulfovibrio, Prevotella_1, and Butyrivibrio_2 and was negatively correlated with Olsenella, Ruminococcaceae_UCG.010, and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group abundances. Collectively, the results revealed that there were significant differences in nutrient composition of herbage, chemical composition of yak milk, and microbial diversity in rumen at different phenological stages. The correlations between ruminal fermentation parameters, chemical constituents of yak milk, and some genera of ruminal bacteria might be indicative that the ruminal fermentation parameters and chemical constituents of yak milk are strongly influenced by the rumen bacterial community composition.

scholarly journals Assessment of rumen bacteria in dairy cows with varied milk protein yield

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 5031-5041 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.Y. Xue ◽  
H.Z. Sun ◽  
X.H. Wu ◽  
L.L. Guan ◽  
J.X. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Rumen Bacteria

Legacy effect of warming on the heterotrophic respiration of alpine grassland on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

2021 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 104093
Author(s):  
Fei Peng ◽  
Wenjuan Zhang ◽  
Chimin Lai ◽  
Chengyang Li ◽  
Quangang You ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heterotrophic Respiration ◽  
Alpine Grassland ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Legacy Effect ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau

scholarly journals Demographic history and genomic response to environmental changes in a rapid radiation of wild rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deyan Ge ◽  
Anderson Feijó ◽  
Zhixin Wen ◽  
Alexei V Abramov ◽  
Liang Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Rapid Radiation ◽  
Protein Functions ◽  
Wild Rats ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau ◽  
Genomic Response

Abstract For organisms to survive and prosper in a harsh environment, particularly under rapid climate change, poses tremendous challenges. Recent studies have highlighted the continued loss of megafauna in terrestrial ecosystems and the subsequent surge of small mammals, such as rodents, bats, lagomorphs, and insectivores. However, the ecological partitioning of these animals will likely lead to large variation in their responses to environmental change. In the present study, we investigated the evolutionary history and genetic adaptations of white-bellied rats (Niviventer Marshall, 1976), which are widespread in the natural terrestrial ecosystems in Asia but also known as important zoonotic pathogen vectors and transmitters. The southeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QHTP) was inferred as the origin center of this genus, with parallel diversification in temperate and tropical niches. Demographic history analyses from mitochondrial and nuclear sequences of Niviventer demonstrated population size increases and range expansion for species in Southeast Asia, and habitat generalists elsewhere. Unexpectedly, population increases were seen in N. eha, which inhabits the highest elevation among Niviventer species. Genome scans of nuclear exons revealed that among the congeneric species, N. eha has the largest number of positively selected genes. Protein functions of these genes are mainly related to olfaction, taste and tumor suppression. Extensive genetic modification presents a major strategy in response to global changes in these alpine species.

Modes of exploitation of atmospheric water resources in the Qinghai–Tibet plateau

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang‐Fang Li ◽  
Kang Zhao ◽  
Hou‐Liang Lu ◽  
Guang‐Qian Wang ◽  
Jun Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Atmospheric Water ◽  
Qinghai Tibet Plateau
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