scholarly journals Foraging Habitat and Chick Diets of Roseate Tern, Sterna dougallii, Breeding on Country Island, Nova Scotia

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer C. Rock ◽  
Marty L. Leonard ◽  
Andrew W. Boyne
Author(s):  
Marty Leonard ◽  
Andrew Boyne ◽  
Sherman Boates

The most important breeding colonies for endangered roseate terns in Canada occur on coastal islands in Nova Scotia. The main threat to productivity at these sites appears to be predation, particularly from gulls. The goal of this paper is twofold: 1) to present the results of recent roseate tern surveys in Nova Scotia and 2) to report on the results of a non-lethal gull control program at one of the main breeding sites in the province. The results of the surveys suggest that the number of breeding pairs (approximately 130) in the province has remained relatively stable, and is similar to numbers reported 20 years ago. Breeding sites have, however, fluctuated in number from a high of 10 sites in 1999 to a low of 3 in 2003. Although the concentration of birds to few locations makes some management options easier, it also increases their vulnerability to chance events. The non-lethal gull control program initiated on Country Island in 1998 has proven relatively successful, resulting in an increase in the numbers of breeding common, arctic and roseate terns on the island and a decrease in predation of tern eggs and chicks. Although this program has been effective in reducing predation, it must be maintained in the long-term if these birds are to breed successfully.Au Canada, les plus grosses colonies de Sternes de Dougall, espèce en voie de disparition au pays, se trouvent sur des îles côtières de la Nouvelle-Écosse. La principale menace à la productivité de ces colonies semble être la prédation, en particulier par les goélands et les mouettes. Le présent document vise deux objectifs : 1) présenter les résultats des récents relevés de Sternes de Dougall en Nouvelle-Écosse et 2) faire état des résultats d’un programme de lutte non mortel contre les goélands et les mouettes mis en oeuvre dans un des principaux lieux de nidification de la province. Selon les relevés, le nombre de couples nicheurs (environ 130) est demeuré relativement stable dans la province et est comparable à celui signalé il y a 20 ans. Cependant, le nombre de lieux de nidification a varié, passant de 10 lieux en 1999 à 3 en 2003. La concentration des oiseaux en seulement quelques endroits peut faciliter l’application de certaines méthodes de gestion, mais elle rend plus vulnérables aux phénomènes stochastiques. Le programme de lutte non mortel contre les goélands et les mouettes mis en oeuvre en 1998 dans l’île Country a assez bien réussi et y a entraîné l’augmentation du nombre de Sternes pierregarins, de Sternes arctiques et de Sternes de Dougall nicheuses et une réduction de la prédation des oeufs et des poussins de sternes. Bien que le programme ait contribué à diminuer la prédation, il faut le maintenir à long terme pour que les oiseaux puissent se reproduire.


1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 851-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca M Whittam ◽  
Marty L Leonard

Predation limits the breeding success of many colonial seabirds and is a major factor in the decline of a number of marine bird species. The goal of our study was to determine how predation affects the breeding success of threatened roseate terns (Sterna dougallii) nesting on Country Island, Nova Scotia, Canada. This site is one of only three Canadian breeding colonies and the first to be systematically studied. Forty-five pairs of roseate terns, 330 pairs of arctic terns (Sterna paradisaea), and 130 pairs of common terns (Sterna hirundo) nested at this colony in 1996. Predation was the most important source of egg and chick mortality for roseate terns on Country Island. Twenty-four percent (18/75 eggs) of roseate tern eggs were depredated, presumably by corvids, while 77% (24/31 chicks) of roseate tern chicks were depredated by gulls. Overall, roseate terns at this site produced a maximum of 0.11 fledglings per nest. Roseate terns abandoned Country Island in 1997, presumably because of predation in 1996. We discuss the implications of our results for the long-term survival and management of the Canadian roseate tern population.


The Condor ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 795-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime A. Ramos

Abstract I studied tropical Roseate Terns (Sterna dougallii) on Aride Island, Seychelles, between 1997–1999. Productivity in 1998 was 0.58 fledglings/breeding pair, and in 1999 no young fledged. Roseate Terns on Aride concentrated their foraging along the coastline exposed to prevailing winds, with flock size over this area being significantly correlated with amount of food offered to chicks. In 1998, Lesser Noddies (Anous tenuirostris) were present in 91% of the Roseate Tern flocks, but in 1999 occurred in only 32%. During the 1998 successful breeding season, Roseate Terns were associated with dense flocks of Lesser Noddies over predatory fish, whereas during the 1999 failure season most Roseate Tern flocks were either monospecific or mixed with Fairy Terns (Gygis alba), and without predatory fish. The mean flock size of Roseate Terns (82 vs. 6 birds) and the rate of foraging attempts (8.3 vs. 2.8 attempts min−1) were significantly greater in association with predatory fish. Mullidae (Parupeneus or Mulloidichthys) were the primary prey taken by Roseate Terns, and alternative sources of food were apparently scarce. The high daily variations in the amount of food brought to chicks, intermediate periods of low food delivery, and an apparent seasonal decline in the amount of food brought to the colony suggest that food is unpredictable on a daily and seasonal basis. Absence of predatory fish may explain complete breeding failures and periods of low food delivery, but the importance of other factors is unknown. Information on the ecology and movement patterns of predatory fish around Aride Island is needed to assist the conservation of the Roseate Terns.


2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. C. Neves ◽  
S. Panagiotakopoulos ◽  
R. W. Furness

The Auk ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 709-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime A. Ramos ◽  
John Bowler ◽  
Laura Davis ◽  
Sarah Venis ◽  
John Quinn ◽  
...  

Abstract Patterns of abundance of the seabird tick Amblyomma loculosum and their effects on Roseate Tern (Sterna dougallii) nestling growth, fledging age, and survival are described on Aride Island, Seychelles, in 1997–1999. Female ticks attached to nestlings from 4 to 14 days (to engorge) whereas male ticks attached for 1–3 days. The linear growth rate of birds carrying female ticks (0.24 g/day) was significantly different from that of nonparasitized nestlings of the same age and similar (or even lower) hatching weight (4.07 g/day). Parasitized nestlings that fledged did so 5.2 days later than nonparasitized nestlings of similar age. Only 37.5% of the nestlings infested with female ticks fledged compared with 83.3% of the noninfested nestlings. During the successful 1998 breeding season, around 100 nestlings died from tick infestation (24.3% of the nestling deaths). Ticks appeared to accelerate nestling mortality during periods of food shortage. Despite an annual difference of two weeks in the timing of breeding of the Roseate Terns between 1997 and 1998, adult ticks parasitized nestlings in July, with an infestation peak occurring between 8–12 July in both years. However, in 1997, nestlings were parasitized at a younger age, suggesting that ticks (nymph stage) must attach to Roseate Tern adults as soon as they make a nest scrape (usually in May). Ironically, the frequent breeding failures of the Roseate Terns will result in lower infestation levels in subsequent years, which will benefit the birds.


The Auk ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Burger ◽  
Michael Gochfeld

Abstract Roseate Terns (Sterna dougallii) nest in a wide variety of habitats. We examined nest-site selection in a mixed-species colony of Roseate and Common (S. hirundo) terns on the interdune area of a barrier beach to determine species differences, to identify which characteristics at nest sites differed from the available habitat, and to compare nest-site preferences of early- and late-nesting Roseate Terns. Both species nested in the same area, but Roseate Terns nested under dense vegetation and Common Terns nested in more open sites. For Roseate Terns, cover within 0.5 m of the nest was greater than that within 1 m; the opposite was true for Common Terns. Cover within 5 m was similar for both species. Roseate and Common terns select different habitat features. Site characteristics of early- and late-nesting Roseate Tern nests differed. Late-nesting terns used sites with greater cover within 0.5 m, less cover within 5 m, taller vegetation, and with less visibility compared with early-nesting terns. Late-nesting Roseate Terns were still able to find sites in dense cover. At this colony, competition between the two species may not be limiting, and abundant sites remain available.


2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maggie J. Watson ◽  
Jeffrey A. Spendelow ◽  
Jeremy J. Hatch

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