scholarly journals Characteristics of Foraging Habitats and Chick Food Provisioning by Tropical Roseate Terns

The Condor ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 795-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime A. Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Food Delivery ◽  
Predatory Fish ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
Food Provisioning ◽  
Sterna Dougallii ◽  
Seasonal Basis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Seasonal Decline ◽  
Roseate Tern

Abstract I studied tropical Roseate Terns (Sterna dougallii) on Aride Island, Seychelles, between 1997–1999. Productivity in 1998 was 0.58 fledglings/breeding pair, and in 1999 no young fledged. Roseate Terns on Aride concentrated their foraging along the coastline exposed to prevailing winds, with flock size over this area being significantly correlated with amount of food offered to chicks. In 1998, Lesser Noddies (Anous tenuirostris) were present in 91% of the Roseate Tern flocks, but in 1999 occurred in only 32%. During the 1998 successful breeding season, Roseate Terns were associated with dense flocks of Lesser Noddies over predatory fish, whereas during the 1999 failure season most Roseate Tern flocks were either monospecific or mixed with Fairy Terns (Gygis alba), and without predatory fish. The mean flock size of Roseate Terns (82 vs. 6 birds) and the rate of foraging attempts (8.3 vs. 2.8 attempts min−1) were significantly greater in association with predatory fish. Mullidae (Parupeneus or Mulloidichthys) were the primary prey taken by Roseate Terns, and alternative sources of food were apparently scarce. The high daily variations in the amount of food brought to chicks, intermediate periods of low food delivery, and an apparent seasonal decline in the amount of food brought to the colony suggest that food is unpredictable on a daily and seasonal basis. Absence of predatory fish may explain complete breeding failures and periods of low food delivery, but the importance of other factors is unknown. Information on the ecology and movement patterns of predatory fish around Aride Island is needed to assist the conservation of the Roseate Terns.

scholarly journals The Galactic Halo Ionising Field

1997 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bland-Hawthorn ◽  
P. R. Maloney
Keyword(s):  
Galactic Halo ◽  
Galactic Disk ◽  
Line Emission ◽  
Young Stars ◽  
Star Forming ◽  
Star Forming Regions ◽  
Optical Line ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Magellanic Stream

AbstractThere has been much debate in recent decades as to what fraction of ionising photons from star-forming regions in the Galactic disk escape into the halo. The recent detection of the Magellanic Stream in optical line emission at the CTIO 4 m and the AAT 3·9 m telescopes may now provide the strongest evidence that at least some of the radiation escapes the disk completely. We present a simple model to demonstrate that, while the distance to the Magellanic Stream is uncertain, the observed emission measures (εm ≈ 0·5 – 1 cm−6 pc) are most plausibly explained by photoionisation due to hot, young stars. This model requires that the mean Lyman-limit opacity perpendicular to the disk is τLL ≈ 3, and the covering fraction of the resolved clouds is close to unity. Alternative sources (e.g. shock, halo, LMC or metagalactic radiation) contribute negligible ionising flux.

Technical-economical aspects of the Alcarreña sheep farms in Spain and characterization of their meat products

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
C. Palacios ◽  
I. Revilla ◽  
M.A. Lurueña-Martínez ◽  
S. Álvarez ◽  
J.A. Abecia
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
Sheep Flock ◽  
Slaughter Weight ◽  
The Mean

SummaryAlcarreña is an endangered Spanish sheep breed (8 009 breeding animals) characterized by its adaptation to a particularly harsh environment and by having a sustainable pasture-based, small-scale, production model. The first objective of this study was to identify the technical-economic aspects of the Alcarreña farms, based on information obtained from surveys. The second objective was to quantify the influence of slaughter weight (12, 19 and 23 kg) on the sensory characteristics of the lamb meat. The mean age of the Alcarreña sheep farmers was lower than the average age of Spanish sheep farmers; however, generational renewal is not assured because most of the farmers’ children were still in school. Mean flock size was higher than the average Spanish sheep flock. Alcarreña sheep were reared under an extensive management system, grazed year-round and had a reproductive schedule of three lambings within 2 years. The carcass and meat qualities of the 12 and 19 kg lambs did not differ significantly, although the lightest lambs had the softest meat and the clearest subcutaneous fat. The most important differences between the lighter lambs and the 23-kg lambs were in meat and fat colour and lipid composition. Among the sensorial characteristics, the 19-kg lambs had the lowest meat fibrosity, and meat colour and slaughter weight were negatively correlated.

A control taste aversion experiment on predators of roseate tern (Sterna dougallii) eggs

2006 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. C. Neves ◽  
S. Panagiotakopoulos ◽  
R. W. Furness
Keyword(s):  
Taste Aversion ◽  
Sterna Dougallii ◽  
Roseate Tern

scholarly journals Diseases of indigenous chickens in Bokaa village, Kgatleng district, Botswana

2006 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
E.Z. Mushi ◽  
M.G. Binta ◽  
R.G. Chabo ◽  
K. Itebeng
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Burden ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
Ascaridia Galli ◽  
Management Level ◽  
Indigenous Chickens ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Bursal Disease ◽  
Commercial Poultry ◽  
The Mean

his study examined flock size and management, level of internal and external parasite burden and seroprevalence of antibodies to poultry pathogens in indigenous chickens in Bokaa village, Kgatleng district, Botswana. The mean flock size was 22.6±6.85 with a range of 11-34. The mean body weights of cocks and hens were 2.28±0.56 kg and 1.70 ±0.38 kg, respectively. Housing and commercial poultry feed were not provided. Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum and Syngamus trachea were found in some birds. Although the chickens were not vaccinated against any poultry diseases, serum antibodies to Newcastle disease, infectious bursal disease and infectious bronchitis were detected.

scholarly journals An Exploratory Study On The Intention to Use Online Food Delivery Among Corporate Workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Nur Shahrulliza Muhammad ◽  
Muhamad Raziq Mohd Razak ◽  
Shahira Ariffin ◽  
Hasman Abdul Manan ◽  
Fairus Hamdan
Keyword(s):  
Leisure Time ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Food Delivery ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Corporate World ◽  
Rest Time ◽  
Klang Valley ◽  
The Mean

This study is aimed at investigating the determinants of intention-to-use online food delivery (OFD) service among corporate workers in Klang Valley where the market is made up largely of time starved people that are enduring difficulties in balancing working time and rest time or leisure time at their convenience. The research focuses on workers ranging from managers, executives, to junior level employees as well as interns in different corporate companies located in Kuala Lumpur to cover a wider range of audience with different background of working experiences that contribute to the high growth of corporate world.  The respondents were 139 of corporate workers. Data processed and interpreted using the SPSS 23.0 in generating the mean and standard deviation of seven respective factors. The result shows that the respondents had moderate intention to use online food delivery service in helping them managing their time. The apps are trusted, provide reliable information and it is statistically proved that the online food delivery improved their quality of life.

Pedigree Dorset Horn sheep in Australia. 1. Breed expansion and other vital statistics

1978 ◽  
Vol 18 (91) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
NM Fogarty
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Western Region ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The Mean

The Dorset Horn in Australia is maintained almost exclusively for producing rams for crossbreeding in the prime lamb industry. Flock Book records have been used to assess the expansion and other statistics of the breed. Dorset Horn sheep were first imported in 1895 with the first flock registered in 1920. The number of pedigree flocks increased to 1298 in 1958 and total ewes to 11 3,762 in 1968. Flocks declined to 61 4 and ewes to 60,801 in 1973, during which there was a rapid expansion in Poll Dorset flocks and ewes. Early expansion of the Dorset Horn occurred in South Australia and Victoria but over 85 per cent of flocks and ewes were located in New South Wales and Victoria in 1973. In 1973,40 per cent of flocks contained less than 51 ewes with only 2.8 per cent having more than 400 ewes. The mean age of studs in 1973 was 15.3 years, with 22 per cent established for 0 to 5 years, compared with 7.1 years and 62 per cent respectively in 1958. Stud dispersals have increased dramatically in recent years to 19.7 per cent of extant studs in 1973. Examination of flocks present in 1969 but dispersed prior to 1974, showed the proportion of dispersed flocks decreased with increasing flock size and increasing stud age, up to 40 years. Migration of sires between all regions was low, but of the migrant sires, South Australia supplied 76 per cent in 1954 and the central western region of New South Wales 57 per cent in 1974. Approximately half of the rams sampled had sires bred in the same stud.

Fisheries

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Beddington ◽  
Geoffrey P. Kirkwood
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Level ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Predatory Fish ◽  
Apex Predators ◽  
The North ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Trophic Level ◽  
Global Statistics ◽  
United Nations Food

The depletion of fish stocks on a global scale is well documented. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation collects statistics on fisheries from all states and, despite obvious shortcomings in the data, a clear picture has been available for some time. Garcia and Grainger (2005) have succinctly documented the position from the latest available date: in 2003, only 3% of stocks were underexploited and 26% moderately exploited, while 52% were fully exploited, 16% were overfished, 7% were depleted, and 1% were recovering from earlier depletion. These global statistics mask two important phenomena. The first, highlighted by Pauly et al. (1998), is that fisheries are increasingly focusing on species lower down in the food-web and the second, highlighted by Myers and Worm (2003, 2005), is that large predatory fish have been particularly reduced in abundance. Both of these analyses are somewhat flawed. In the case of Pauly et al. there are two problems: the first is that the metrics used for the mean trophic level are presented as simple numbers with no estimates of error or indeed sensitivity. In such a situation, the changes in mean trophic levels are hard to interpret, particularly where the mean trophic level changes by at most around 10% over four decades. The second problem has been highlighted by a recent paper by Essington et al. (2006). They point out that in the periods when according to the analysis of Pauly et al. the mean trophic level was declining, in most cases catches of apex predators and indeed all upper trophic levels increased (an exception is the North Atlantic). In the case of the Myers and Worm analysis, they used the catch per unit of effort (CPUE) as an index of abundance. As discussed later in this chapter, there are problems with this, but more importantly for some key apex predators, in particular large tunas, the CPUE declines in the early stages of the fishery, where catches are small, but remains relatively stable under a regime of much higher catches. In such a situation, the interpretation that the CPUE reflects changes in abundance is clearly problematic.

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