Ionic Liquids Gelation with Polymeric Materials: The Ion Jelly Approach

AbstractIonic liquids (ILs) and their mixtures with low molecular solvents present ideal properties for use as flotation liquids in cryo-ultramicrotomy. With control of Tg and η by co-solvent addition, flat, ultra-thin sections are reliably floated onto transmission electron microscopy grids even at temperatures as low as −100°C. Even more, the liquids and their mixtures are stable in the microtome trough for several hours because of low vapor pressure and low solidification temperature. Compared to established flotation media for soft polymer systems, the time and skill needed for cryo-ultramicrotomy are significantly reduced. Although just a handful of ILs are discussed and a good general choice identified, if different liquid characteristics are needed for a particular sample, thousands of additional ILs will perform similarly, giving this new approach enormous flexibility.

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Advances in polymeric ionic liquids-based smart polymeric materials: emerging fabrication strategies

Physical Sciences Reviews ◽

10.1515/psr-2020-0081 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Onome Ejeromedoghene ◽

Olayinka Oderinde ◽

Sheriff Adewuyi

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquids ◽

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Electromagnetic Fields ◽

Polymeric Materials ◽

Polymeric Matrix ◽

New Materials ◽

Polymeric Ionic Liquids ◽

Performance Properties ◽

Environmental Stimuli

Abstract Polymeric ionic liquids (PILs) are a class of materials characterized by fascinating physicochemical properties as well as tunable functionality that are quite interesting for the fabrication of materials. They have attracted tremendous attention because they are easy to prepare and can be manipulated into a polymeric matrix via covalent and noncovalent linkage/interactions to form new intelligent/smart polymeric materials with improved properties and multiple functionalities for application in many fields. These new materials are specially designed to change their performance properties when subjected to external environmental stimuli including pH, temperature, light, chemicals and electromagnetic fields. Therefore, this chapter presents the progress in the preparation of PILs via different polymerization reactions and highlights the emerging advances in the fabrication of PILs-based smart polymeric materials.

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11 Advances in polymeric ionic liquids-based smart polymeric materials: emerging fabrication strategies

10.1515/9783110726145-011 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 145-158

Author(s):

Onome Ejeromedoghene ◽

Sheriff Adewuyi ◽

Olayinka Oderinde

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquids ◽

Polymeric Materials ◽

Polymeric Ionic Liquids

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Radiation Preparation or Application of Graphene, Nanomaterials, Porous Polymeric Materials, and Ionic Liquids

Radiation Technology for Advanced Materials ◽

10.1016/b978-0-12-814017-8.00008-1 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 249-317

Author(s):

Pei Dai ◽

Shuojue Wang ◽

Xinmiao Zeng ◽

Maolin Zhai ◽

Rong Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquids ◽

Polymeric Materials

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Poly(acrylamide-homocysteine thiolactone) as a synthetic platform for the preparation of polymeric ionic liquids by post ring-opening-orthogonal modifications

Polymer Chemistry ◽

10.1039/c7py01067b ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (33) ◽

pp. 4789-4797 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Silvia Montolio ◽

Oleksandr Zagorodko ◽

Raúl Porcar ◽

M. Isabel Burguete ◽

Santiago V. Luis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquids ◽

Ring Opening ◽

Polymeric Materials ◽

Structural Diversity ◽

Homocysteine Thiolactone ◽

Polymeric Ionic Liquids ◽

Post Modification ◽

Poly Acrylamide

Post-modification of Poly(Acrylamide-Homocysteine Thiolactone) provides a variety of advanced polymeric materials with different morphologies and structural diversity.

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Polymeric ionic liquids: a strategy for preparation of novel polymeric materials

Chemical Papers ◽

10.1515/chempap-2015-0127 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 69 (9) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Manoochehr Farzin ◽

Keyvan Nosratzadegan ◽

Jamshid Azarnia ◽

Mohammad Ferdosi

Keyword(s):

Ionic Liquid ◽

Ionic Liquids ◽

Energetic Materials ◽

Polymeric Materials ◽

Catalyst Supports ◽

N Content ◽

Polymeric Ionic Liquids ◽

Polymeric Ionic Liquid

AbstractA novel polymeric ionic liquid (PIL), bearing high C-N and N-N content, potentially suitable for new safe energetic materials and catalyst supports was introduced. The PIL was prepared by way of radical co-polymerisation of 1-vinyl-3-p-nitrobenzylimidazolium bromide and 1-vinylimidazole at 80◦C using azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator. The PIL thus produced was successfully transformed into NO

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The Resolution and Contrast in Biological Sections Determined by Inelastic and Elastic Scattering

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100071569 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 31 ◽

pp. 224-225

Author(s):

D. L. Misell

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Adverse Effect ◽

Elastic Scattering ◽

Inelastic Scattering ◽

Amorphous Carbon ◽

Polymeric Materials ◽

Chromatic Aberration ◽

Image Resolution ◽

Quantitative Estimates ◽

Elastic Ratio

In the electron microscopy of biological sections the adverse effect of chromatic aberration on image resolution is well known. In this paper calculations are presented for the inelastic and elastic image intensities using a wave-optical formulation. Quantitative estimates of the deterioration in image resolution as a result of chromatic aberration are presented as an alternative to geometric calculations. The predominance of inelastic scattering in the unstained biological and polymeric materials is shown by the inelastic to elastic ratio, I/E, within an objective aperture of 0.005 rad for amorphous carbon of a thickness, t=50nm, typical of biological sections; E=200keV, I/E=16.

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Application Of Electron Microscopy To Automotive Finish Defect Analysis

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100134892 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 258-259

Author(s):

Martin J. Mahon ◽

Patrick W. Keating ◽

John T. McLaughlin

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Zero Tolerance ◽

Polymeric Materials ◽

Plant Management ◽

Defect Analysis ◽

X Ray ◽

Root Cause ◽

Cutting Out ◽

Foreign Materials ◽

Automotive Finish

Coatings are applied to appliances, instruments and automobiles for a variety of reasons including corrosion protection and enhancement of market value. Automobile finishes are a highly complex blend of polymeric materials which have a definite impact on the eventual ability of a car to sell. Consumers report that the gloss of the finish is one of the major items they look for in an automobile.With the finish being such an important part of the automobile, there is a zero tolerance for paint defects by auto assembly plant management. Owing to the increased complexity of the paint matrix and its inability to be “forgiving” when foreign materials are introduced into a newly applied finish, the analysis of paint defects has taken on unparalleled importance. Scanning electron microscopy with its attendant x-ray analysis capability is the premier method of examining defects and attempting to identify their root cause.Defects are normally examined by cutting out a coupon sized portion of the autobody and viewing in an SEM at various angles.

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Colloidal systems in soils

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100168050 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 52 ◽

pp. 64-65

Author(s):

J. Thieme ◽

J. Niemeyer ◽

P. Guttman

Keyword(s):

Clay Minerals ◽

Polymeric Materials ◽

Spatial Arrangement ◽

High Specific Surface Area ◽

Turnover Rates ◽

Colloidal Systems ◽

Chemical Conditions ◽

Aggregation Phenomena ◽

Iron And Manganese ◽

Soil Colloids

In soil science the fraction of colloids in soils is understood as particles with diameters smaller than 2μm. Clay minerals, aquoxides of iron and manganese, humic substances, and other polymeric materials are found in this fraction. The spatial arrangement (microstructure) is controlled by the substantial structure of the colloids, by the chemical composition of the soil solution, and by thesoil biota. This microstructure determines among other things the diffusive mass flow within the soils and as a result the availability of substances for chemical and microbiological reactions. The turnover of nutrients, the adsorption of toxicants and the weathering of soil clay minerals are examples of these surface mediated reactions. Due to their high specific surface area, the soil colloids are the most reactive species in this respect. Under the chemical conditions in soils, these minerals are associated in larger aggregates. The accessibility of reactive sites for these reactions on the surface of the colloids is reduced by this aggregation. To determine the turnover rates of chemicals within these aggregates it is highly desirable to visualize directly these aggregation phenomena.

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