scholarly journals Importance of the Natural Incidence of the Fusarium Genus in Food Crops Established in Northern México

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio César Ríos Saucedo ◽  
María Gabriela Ramírez-Valadez ◽  
Saúl Santana Espinoza ◽  
Maihualy Martínez-Fernández ◽  
Rigoberto Rosales-Serna
Keyword(s):  
Plant Disease Resistance ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Commercial Yield ◽  
Chili Peppers ◽  
Natural Incidence

The incidence of the Fusarium genus causing root rot is reviewed in crops showing high importance for food supply and to obtain regular income by farmers in the highlands of Northern México. Pathogen incidence was evaluated under field conditions in multiple sampling locations for common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and several chili peppers (Capsicum annuum) local cultivars (landraces and bred cultivars). Five commercial plots for registered and certified seed were also evaluated in common beans to be used in the ‘seed refreshing program’ implemented for the cultivar Pinto Saltillo, considered as the main variety sown in the highlands of México. High Fusarium genus incidence and its interactions with other fungi species, such as Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium spp., cause high losses in plant population, commercial yield and seed quality in food crops grown in Northern México. The natural incidence of plant disease caused by the Fusarium genus and its negative effect on crop survival and the reduction of commercial yield and seed quality is fully reviewed. Plant disease resistance, crop breeding and the influence of the environmental conditions were also considered.

Role of transporters in plant disease resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 171 (4) ◽  
pp. 849-867
Author(s):  
Basavantraya N. Devanna ◽  
Rajdeep Jaswal ◽  
Pankaj Kumar Singh ◽  
Ritu Kapoor ◽  
Priyanka Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Plant Disease Resistance ◽  
Plant Disease

Direct seeding of PinusSylvestris using microsite preparation and invigorated seed lots of different quality: 2-year results

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Winsa ◽  
Urban Bergsten
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Direct Seeding ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Humus Layer ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Better Than

Direct seeding of Pinussylvestris L. is a regeneration method, with potential for development considering scarification, microsite preparation, seed invigoration, and seed quality. Three seed lots of different quality concerning seed weight, germination percent, and mean germination time were used on two sites in northern Sweden. Microsite preparation, 2 cm deep pyramidal indentations, of the mineral soil improved seedling emergence on the two sites by 48 and 62%, respectively, compared with seeding without preparation other than removal of the humus layer. Microsite preparation in combination with invigorated seed, i.e., seed incubated at 30% moisture content for 7 days at 15 °C, resulted in seedling emergence of about 85% for the highest and about 50% for the lowest seed quality at both sites. Noninvigorated seed, seeded without microsite preparation, reached about 55% for the highest and 22% at one and 43% at the other for the lowest seed quality. Without microsite preparation there was no, or a negative, effect of seed invigoration on seedling emergence. Seedling survival after the first winter improved significantly with better seed quality. Survival averaged 92 and 72% at the two sites, with frost heaving causing most mortality. Seedlings from invigorated and redried seed survived better than seedlings from untreated seed. Seedlings from the best seed quality had higher values in seedling height, about 35%, shoot length, about 60%, and needle length, about 30%, after two growing seasons than seedlings from lower seed qualities. Invigoration and microsite preparation had no effect on measured growth characteristics.

Chitosan: Mechanism of action and ways of using as ecologically safe means in enhancement of plant disease resistance

1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanislav Tiuterev ◽  
Michael Yakubchik ◽  
Stanislav Tarlakovsky ◽  
Elza Popova ◽  
Valentin Vytsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Plant Disease Resistance ◽  
Plant Disease
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