scholarly journals Non-nodular Endophytic Bacterial Symbiosis and the Nitrogen Fixation of Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus

Symbiosis ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Dent
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Gluconacetobacter Diazotrophicus ◽  
Bacterial Symbiosis

Does the routine heat treatment of sugarcane stem pieces for xylem pathogen control affect the nitrogenase activity of an N2-fixing endophyte in the cane?

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Ortega ◽  
Rosa Rodés ◽  
Enrique de la Fuente ◽  
Loiret Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
International Symposium ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen Content ◽  
Gluconacetobacter Diazotrophicus ◽  
Pathogen Control ◽  
Sugarcane Stem ◽  
Poor Soil

This paper originates from an address at the 8th International Symposium on Nitrogen Fixation with Non-Legumes, Sydney, NSW, December 2000 In sugarcane propagation the sett pieces are routinely heated at 50˚C before planting to control the xylem pathogen Leifsonia xyli ssp. xyli. To determine whether this treatment also affects the diazotrophic endophyte, Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus, found in the intercellular solution of cane parenchyma, cultures of this bacterium were similarly heated. The nitrogenase activity of the heated cultures was monitored by measurement of hydrogen evolution. Activity was destroyed in cultures heated directly at 45 or 50˚C for 2 h. In contrast, when sett pieces were first heated for 2 h at 50˚C, G. diazotrophicus could still be isolated from the intercellular fluid, and these cultures showed considerable nitrogenase activity. There was no difference in leaf nitrogen content of plants grown in nitrogen-poor soil from setts either heated or unheated. It is concluded that the routine heat treatment of sugarcane setts for pathogen control does not totally destroy the nitrogenase activity of the diazotrophic endophyte G. diazotrophicus.

scholarly journals Research Progress and Perspectives of Nitrogen Fixing Bacterium,Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus, in Monocot Plants

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Eskin ◽  
K. Vessey ◽  
L. Tian
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Complex Root ◽  
Gluconacetobacter Diazotrophicus ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Intercellular Spaces ◽  
The Past ◽  
Plant Crop

Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicusis a nitrogen fixing bacterium originally found in monocotyledon sugarcane plants in which the bacterium actively fixes atmosphere nitrogen and provides significant amounts of nitrogen to plants. This bacterium mainly colonizes intercellular spaces within the roots and stems of plants and does not require the formation of the complex root organ like nodule. The bacterium is less plant/crop specific and indeedG. diazotrophicushas been found in a number of unrelated plant species. Importantly, as the bacterium was of monocot plant origin, there exists a possibility that the nitrogen fixation feature of the bacterium may be used in many other monocot crops. This paper reviews and updates the research progress ofG. diazotrophicusfor the past 25 years but focuses on the recent research development.

scholarly journals Indole-3-Acetic Acid Biosynthesis Is Deficient in Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus Strains with Mutations in Cytochrome c Biogenesis Genes

2004 ◽  
Vol 186 (16) ◽  
pp. 5384-5391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunhee Lee ◽  
M. Flores-Encarnación ◽  
M. Contreras-Zentella ◽  
L. Garcia-Flores ◽  
J. E. Escamilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Gluconacetobacter Diazotrophicus ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Cytochrome C Biogenesis ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Mutant Phenotypes ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

ABSTRACT Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus is an endophyte of sugarcane frequently found in plants grown in agricultural areas where nitrogen fertilizer input is low. Recent results from this laboratory, using mutant strains of G. diazotrophicus unable to fix nitrogen, suggested that there are two beneficial effects of G. diazotrophicus on sugarcane growth: one dependent and one not dependent on nitrogen fixation. A plant growth-promoting substance, such as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), known to be produced by G. diazotrophicus, could be a nitrogen fixation-independent factor. One strain, MAd10, isolated by screening a library of Tn5 mutants, released only ∼6% of the amount of IAA excreted by the parent strain in liquid culture. The mutation causing the IAA− phenotype was not linked to Tn5. A pLAFR3 cosmid clone that complemented the IAA deficiency was isolated. Sequence analysis of a complementing subclone indicated the presence of genes involved in cytochrome c biogenesis (ccm, for cytochrome c maturation). The G. diazotrophicus ccm operon was sequenced; the individual ccm gene products were 37 to 52% identical to ccm gene products of Escherichia coli and equivalent cyc genes of Bradyrhizobium japonicum. Although several ccm mutant phenotypes have been described in the literature, there are no reports of ccm gene products being involved in IAA production. Spectral analysis, heme-associated peroxidase activities, and respiratory activities of the cell membranes revealed that the ccm genes of G. diazotrophicus are involved in cytochrome c biogenesis.

scholarly journals Identification of Three Genes Encoding PII-Like Proteins in Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus: Studies of Their Role(s) in the Control of Nitrogen Fixation

2003 ◽  
Vol 185 (19) ◽  
pp. 5854-5861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Perlova ◽  
Alejandro Ureta ◽  
Stefan Nordlund ◽  
Dietmar Meletzus
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Gluconacetobacter Diazotrophicus ◽  
Triple Mutant ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Protein Encoding ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Encoding Gene ◽  
Encoding Genes ◽  
Expression And Activity

ABSTRACT In our studies on the regulation of nitrogen metabolism in Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus, an endophytic diazotroph of sugarcane, three glnB-like genes were identified and their role(s) in the control of nitrogen fixation was studied. Sequence analysis revealed that one PII protein-encoding gene, glnB, was adjacent to a glnA gene (encoding glutamine synthetase) and that two other PII protein-encoding genes, identified as glnK1 and glnK2, were located upstream of amtB1 and amtB2, respectively, genes which in other organisms encode ammonium (or methylammonium) transporters. Single and double mutants and a triple mutant with respect to the three PII protein-encoding genes were constructed, and the effects of the mutations on nitrogenase expression and activity in the presence of either ammonium starvation or ammonium sufficiency were studied. Based on the results presented here, it is suggested that none of the three PII homologs is required for nif gene expression, that the GlnK2 protein acts primarily as an inhibitor of nif gene expression, and that GlnB and GlnK1 control the expression of nif genes in response to ammonium availability, both directly and by relieving the inhibition by GlnK2. This model includes novel regulatory features of PII proteins.

scholarly journals History on the biological nitrogen fixation research in graminaceous plants: special emphasis on the Brazilian experience

2005 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
José I. Baldani ◽  
Vera L.D. Baldani
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Gluconacetobacter Diazotrophicus ◽  
Plant Genotype ◽  
Herbaspirillum Seropedicae ◽  
Graminaceous Plants ◽  
Cereal Plants ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

This review covers the history on Biological Nitrogen Fixation (BNF) in Graminaceous plants grown in Brazil, and describes research progress made over the last 40 years, most of whichwas coordinated by Johanna Döbereiner. One notable accomplishment during this period was the discovery of several nitrogen-fixing bacteria such as the rhizospheric (Beijerinckia fluminensis and Azotobacter paspali), associative (Azospirillum lipoferum, A. brasilense, A. amazonense) and the endophytic (Herbaspirillum seropedicae, H. rubrisubalbicans, Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus, Burkholderia brasilensis and B. tropica). The role of these diazotrophs in association with grasses, mainly with cereal plants, has been studied and a lot of progress has been achieved in the ecological, physiological, biochemical, and genetic aspects. The mechanisms of colonization and infection of the plant tissues are better understood, and the BNF contribution to the soil/plant system has been determined. Inoculation studies with diazotrophs showed that endophytic bacteria have a much higher BNF contribution potential than associative diazotrophs. In addition, it was found that the plant genotype influences the plant/bacteria association. Recent data suggest that more studies should be conducted on the endophytic association to strengthen the BNF potential. The ongoing genome sequencing programs: RIOGENE (Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus) and GENOPAR (Herbaspirillum seropedicae) reflect the commitment to the BNF study in Brazil and should allow the country to continue in the forefront of research related to the BNF process in Graminaceous plants.

scholarly journals Antioxidant pathways are up-regulated during biological nitrogen fixation to prevent ROS-induced nitrogenase inhibition in Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus

2010 ◽  
Vol 192 (10) ◽  
pp. 835-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia M. C. Alquéres ◽  
Jose Henrique M. Oliveira ◽  
Eduardo M. Nogueira ◽  
Helma V. Guedes ◽  
Pedro L. Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Gluconacetobacter Diazotrophicus ◽  
Biological Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogenase Inhibition

Transfer RNA-dependent asparagine biosynthesis in Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus and its influence on biological nitrogen fixation

2011 ◽  
Vol 356 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 209-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia M. Alquéres ◽  
Alexander M. Cardoso ◽  
Jordano Brito-Moreira ◽  
Jose I. Baldani ◽  
Orlando B. Martins
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Transfer Rna ◽  
Gluconacetobacter Diazotrophicus ◽  
Biological Nitrogen

Enhanced maize productivity by inoculation with diazotrophic bacteria

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Riggs ◽  
Marisa K. Chelius ◽  
A. Leonardo Iniguez ◽  
Shawn M. Kaeppler ◽  
Eric W. Triplett
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
International Symposium ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Bacterial Endophytes ◽  
Gluconacetobacter Diazotrophicus ◽  
Diazotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Fixed Nitrogen ◽  
Maize Productivity ◽  
Significant Yield

This paper originates from an address at the 8th International Symposium on Nitrogen Fixation with Non-Legumes, Sydney, NSW, December 2000 The objective of this work over the last 3 years was to identify maize–endophyte associations with increased plant productivity compared with uninoculated controls. We have used a collection of endophytes isolated by several groups. The experiments were done under field and greenhouse conditions in the presence or absence of added fixed nitrogen (N). Significant yield enhancements of N-fertilized maize were obtained with bacterial endophytes that we have isolated from N-efficient lines of maize (such as Klebsiella pneumoniae 342) or switchgrass (Pantoea agglomerans P101 and P102). Several other strains from other groups were also tested with our best yield enhancements from two Brazilian strains, Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus PAl5 andHerbaspirillum seropedicae Z152. Field experiments in Wisconsin were conducted in 1998, 1999 and 2000 and in an additional four states (Illinois, Iowa, Indiana and Nebraska) in 2000, with a minimum of two elite lines of maize at each site, each year. No strains were capable of relieving the N-deficiency symptoms of unfertilized maize in either the field or the greenhouse.

Factors controlling nitrogen fixation in temperate seagrass beds

2015 ◽  
Vol 525 ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
PLM Cook ◽  
V Evrard ◽  
RJ Woodland
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Seagrass Beds
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