scholarly journals The Reliability and Validity of the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL) in the Earthquake-Stricken Population of Kermanshah, Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Osman Mahmoudi ◽  
Mohammad Rauf Amini
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Post Traumatic

Background: The post-traumatic stress disruption checklist (PCL) is a reliable self-assessment measure for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Recently, the PCL has been updated based on the DSM-5 criteria for PTSD Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the psychometric properties and diagnostic capability of the PCL as a screening tool in an earthquake-stricken population in Kermanshah, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 injured earthquake victims in Sales and Javanrud counties. The subjects were selected via purposive sampling. The PCL was translated into Kurdish (Surani), and trained interviewers run the translated version for 200 individuals manifesting the symptoms of post-earthquake stress in the earthquake-stricken cities of Javanrud and Sales located in Kermanshah province. After two weeks, 100 participants were randomly selected, and the questionnaire was completed again. Results: The internal consistency of the PCL (α = 85%) was indicative of the validity of the checklist. The Youden’s index with the cutoff point of 23 was considered optimal for the PCL tool. The diagnostic values of sensitivity and specificity were estimated at 0.82 and 0.81, respectively (P < 0.001). In addition, the test-retest results were equal after two weeks (α = 87%), indicating the high reliability of the checklist. Conclusions: According to the results, the PCL is a sensitive and accurate tool for assessing the status of PTSD in disaster victims and accidents and could be used in the screening of PTSD in the health monitoring programs for these victims.

scholarly journals Depression, resilience and post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in asylum-seeker war refugees

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Malliarou ◽  
Dimitra Tsapakidi ◽  
Mairi Gouva ◽  
Evaggelia Kotrotsiou ◽  
Athanasios Nikolentzos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Asylum Seeker ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Traumatic

Abstract Background The number of refugees and displaced people who have been forced to migrate due to war, mass violence and political instability has reached unprecedented levels. The objective of this study was to assess the degree of depression, resilience and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in asylum-seeker war refugees, temporally stationed in Larisa, Central Greece, through self-administered questionnaire. Simple regression, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and one-way Anova was used.Methods A cross-sectional study carried out with asylum-seeker war refugees residing in Larisa at a number of apartments rented and ran by the UNHCR and the municipality of Larisa. For the data collection PHQ-9 questionnaire, CD-RISC questionnaire and Harvard Trauma questionnaire (HTQ) were used. Descriptive statistics were applied, as well as Cronbach’s alpha coefficient.Results A total of 64 immigrants (40 males and 23 females, 1-mssing value) agreed to participate in the research. The mean age was 35.72 (SD 7.45), 35 respondents were classified as increased PTSD (scores > 2.5). The results showed a physically and exhausted sample, with marginal mental strength (Mean = 59.38%), fluctuating between moderate (N% = 28.10%) and severe depression (N% = 28.10%). About one in two participants (N% = 54.70%) showed signs of post-traumatic stress disorder PTSD, reporting traumatic experiences that mainly involved immediate events of violence, i.e. beating, while there were very few cases of sexual abuse or violence. A key factor in the formulation of PTSD, depression and Mental Stress Indicators was found to be age but limited to 43 years.Conclusion This study revealed that the refugees of the sample are tired, after being absent and idle for about 2 years from their homeland, in a marginal state of collapse. The most important event-hope that sustains its moderate resilience is the grant of asylum and the hope of arrival in the country of destination.

scholarly journals Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and It’s Associated Factors among Secondary Level Students in Chautara Municipality, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
Trima Gurung ◽  
Damaru Prasad Paneru
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stress Disorders ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Traumatic

Children and adolescents are more prone to developing Post Traumatic Stress Disorders. Objective of this study was to assess the magnitude of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and associated factors among secondary level students in Chautara Municipality, Nepal. A cross sectional study was conducted among 249 secondary level students. Data were collected using population proportionate sampling method along with UCLA PTSD RI with 31 questionnaires DSM V tool was used to assess the PTSD symptom. Questionnaire was design to obtain socio demographic factor and earthquake exposure. Factor associated with PTSD development was assessed through chi square and binary logistic regression. Mean age of respondents was 15.42±1.079 years. Majority of them were middle adolescents (74.3%) and 25.7 percent were early adolescents. More than half of respondents were female 54.6 percent. This study revealed that PTSD was found to be among 27(10.8%) respondents and dissociative subtype PTSD was among 14(5.6%) respondents. Age was significantly associated with development of PTSD. Earthquake exposures like financial constraints after earthquake food deficiency displacement due to earthquake was the major factors associated with PTSD development. Psychological tutorship for PTSD is found to be protective factors for PTSD development in adolescents. PTSD was quite high among the secondary level students after six month of earthquake in Chautara municipality, Sindupalchwok district and psychological tutorship and humanitarian program for traumatized students could prevent development of PTSD. Key words: Post traumatic stress disorder; Associated factors; Earthquake; Secondary levels students

scholarly journals Post-traumatic Stress Risk among COVID-19 Survivors in Colombia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adalberto Campo-Arias ◽  
John Carlos Pedrozo-Pupo ◽  
Edwin Herazo
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Depression Risk ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Probabilistic Sample

AbstractThe study’s objective was to establish the prevalence and variables associated with post-traumatic stress disorder risk (PTSD-R) in a sample of COVID-19 survivors in Santa Marta, Colombia. A cross-sectional study was designed with a non-probabilistic sample of adult COVID-19 survivors. Participants were demographically characterized and completed scales for depression risk, insomnia risk, and PTSD-R. Three hundred and thirty COVID-19 survivors between 18 and 89 years participated; 61.52% were women. The frequency of depression risk was 49.70%; insomnia risk, 60.61%; and PTSD-R, 13.33%. Depression risk (OR = 41.43, 95% CI 5.54 – 311.63), insomnia risk (OR = 5.25, 95% CI 1.77 – 18.71), low income (OR = 3.46, 95% CI 1.38 – 8.67) and being married or free union (OR = 2.65, 95% CI 1.13 – 6.22) were associated with PTSD-R. In conclusion, two out of every fifteen COVID-19 survivors are in PTSD-R. Depression and insomnia risk are strongly associated with PTSD-R in COVID-19 survivors.

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