Zvláštní způsoby zdanění a inkaso veřejných rozpočtů u daně z přidané hodnoty

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-50
Author(s):  
Jan Neckář
Keyword(s):  
Standard Method ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Tax Administration ◽  
Special Method ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Reverse Charge

In addition to the standard method of taxation, the Value Added Tax Act regulates two specific methods introduced in order to reduce VAT fraud – the regime of transferred tax liability (reverse charge) and the so-called special method of securing of the tax. In the following text, the specifics of the value added tax administration depending on the statutory (or voluntarily chosen) method of taxation and the related effects on the collection of public budgets will be pointed out. An integral part is pointing out the effects of the chosen method of taxation on tax subjects, either on the part of the supplier or on the part of the customer.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF THE VAT REVERSE-CHARGE MECHANISM ON THE CASH FLOWS OF CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 522-528
Author(s):  
Angelika Kútna ◽  
Norbert Gyurián ◽  
Zoltán Šeben
Keyword(s):  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Law ◽  
Reverse Charge

In 2015, the Slovak Parliament adopted the Law on Amendments to the Law on Value-Added Tax. This law came into force on January 1, 2016. One of the most significant changes was the introduction of a reverse-charge for the provision of construction works. A government statement of its positive influence on the business environment is inconsistent with the two-year experience in the building sector. The main goal of this paper is to establish the reason for the practical effects of the value-added tax reverse-charge mechanism on the construction companies. The hypothesis is that the negative effect on the cash flows of the construction companies increases ‘opportunity costs’ connected to excessive deductions. The paper focuses on evaluating and quantifying such an effect. It presents a comparison of the conditions before and after the adoption of the Act. No. 222/2004 Coll., as amended in 2016 and includes factors that influence costs and cash flows of construction companies. It but does not consider factors related to turnover and the economic situation.  The reverse-charge mechanism affects the total of tax owing, the total deductible tax, the total excessive deduction, and the construction companies’ cash flows. In this study, the data from the information system of the Slovak Republic, under the condition of anonymity, are analyzed for the period 2014–2017. The effect of the value-added tax is quantified by way of financial interest expenses. These expenses depend on time limits for the excessive deduction, total of tax owing, and on the excessive deduction amount. Indicators of ‘Financial Burden 1’ and ‘Financial Burden 2’ are calculated. The results show that the Law on Amendments of Value Added Tax has significantly affected the constructions companies since January 2016. The reverse-charge system has not changed the delay in excessive deduction payments to the taxpayer’s bank account. It has changed the amount of excessive deduction expressed through money and the total tax owing. Based on the study results, this change markedly affects the financial burden of construction companies and provides an ‘opportunity cost’ Value Added Tax payers‘ construction company.

The value-added tax refund problems in developing countries – case of Zimbabwe

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-148
Author(s):  
Passionate Siwela
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Tax Administration ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Domestic Legislation ◽  
Tax Laws ◽  
Tax Design

Refund abuse is especially problematic when implementing value-added tax (VAT). Nevertheless, refunds must be paid promptly to ensure that VAT does not become a cost to business. There is therefore a need to strike a balance between procedures put in place to limit refund fraud opportunities and not causing refund delays. It is against this background that the study sought to investigate the refund processing system in Zimbabwe to highlight potential challenges faced by taxpayers and tax administrators. Evidence was collected by reviewing domestic legislation and other published literature, analysing the administration processes, including administering taxpayers and tax administrators surveys. The study found weaknesses in tax design and administration processes that created opportunities for refund fraud, fraudsters and tax planners taking advantage of the weak structures, taxpayers who fear pursuing their rights (as that will trigger a comprehensive audit), and a general unwillingness of the tax administration to invoke existing tax laws.

scholarly journals Value-added tax on imported electronic services: a critical evaluation of the newly enacted South Africa legislation

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-42
Author(s):  
Liza Coetzee ◽  
Marisca Meiring
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Digital Products ◽  
Tax Base ◽  
Competitive Disadvantage ◽  
Foreign Supplier ◽  
Reverse Charge

Effective from 1 June 2014, all foreign businesses supplying digital products such as mobile applications to be used in South Africa are required to register as vendors. This amendment was made to align South Africa with an international trend of bringing cross-border supplies of electronic services into the Value-Added Tax regime. It effectively shifts the Value-Added Tax liability from the importer to the foreign supplier. The reverse-charge-mechanism resulted in an erosion of the tax base and placed local suppliers of digital services at a competitive disadvantage compared to foreign suppliers. This paper critically evaluates the amendment to the Value-Added Tax Act using a literature review. The aim is to determine to what extent the amendments address the shortcomings of the reverse-charge mechanism, are aligned with practices in the European Union and New Zealand and whether they comply with the principles of an effective tax system.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENERAPAN SISTEM MODERNISASI ADMINISTRASI PAJAK, KUALITAS PELAYANAN DAN PENGETAHUAN PPN TERHADAP KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK DI DKI JAKARTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Dessy Natalia Kumala Jaya
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Tax Administration ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Insignificant Effect ◽  
Data Collection Technique

Rendahnya kesadaran wajib pajak membayar dan melaporkan pajak telah menjadi masalah yang cukup penting bagi negara maju maupun berkembang dalam aspek pajak, Fakta menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kepatuhan wajib pajak di Indonesia masih sangat rendah dibanding dengan negara lain di Asia. Rendahnya kepatuhan wajib pajak dapat dilihat dan dikaji dari sisi kesadarannya melapor dan membayar pajak secara benar. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji dan mengkaji pengaruh penerapan sistem modernisasi administrasi pajak, kualitas pelayanan, dan pengetahuan pajak pertambahan nilai terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak di DKI Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kausal, dan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah dengan cara mengumpulkan data primer dengan metode survei melalui penyebaran kuesioner kepada setiap individu – individu yang berkerja di perusahaan yang merupakan Pengusaha Kena Pajak (PKP) yang berdomisili di provinsi DKI Jakarta. Hasil pengumpulan data primer tersebut diolah dengan menggunakan SmartPLS versi 3.2. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem modernisasi administrasi pajak dan pengetahuan pajak pertambahan nilai berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak. Sedangkan hubungan antara kualitas pelayanan pajak terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak adalah berpengaruh tidak signifikan. The low awareness of taxpayers paying and reporting taxes has become an important issue for both developed and developing countries in the tax aspects. Facts show that taxpayer compliance rates in Indonesia are still very low compared to other countries in Asia. The low compliance of the taxpayer can be seen and reviewed from the side of his consciousness to report and pay taxes correctly.The purpose of this study was to examine and assess the effect of application of modernization system of tax administration, service quality, knowledge of value added tax on taxpayer compliance. The method used in this research is causative research. The data used in this study is the primary data. Data collection technique is done by collecting primary data in the form of questionnaires to individuals who work in taxable companies (PKP), domiciled in Jakarta. The primary data collection results were processed using SmartPLS version 3.2. The results of this study indicate that modernization system of tax administration and knowledge of value added tax have an influence on taxpayer compliance. While service quality have an insignificant effect on taxpayer compliance.

scholarly journals Estimating Value Added Tax Gap in Turkey

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebru Canıkalp ◽  
İlter Ünlükaplan ◽  
Muhammed Çelik
Keyword(s):  
European Commission ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Tax Administration ◽  
Tax Burden ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Tax Gap ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

As an important issue in the fiscal structure of a country, tax gap is defined as the difference between tax burden that the taxpayer should face and the amount actually paid. In this study, tax gap was evaluated by the framework of the Value Added Tax. The reason behind this choice, i.e. Value Added Tax Gap (VAT Gap) is to make an effort to evaluate the efficiency of the tax administration, the compliance of the taxpayers and the relationship between policy gap and the compliance gap. With this aim, VAT Gap and the various methods to calculate this gap were examined. Furthermore, based on the reports by the European Commission, VAT Gap in Turkey for 1993-2014 period were estimated and evaluated by employing the top-down method.

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