Pharmacokinetics of Metronidazole in the Yellow Rat Snake, Elaphe obsoleta quadrivitatta

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine M. Kolmstetter ◽  
Sherry Cox ◽  
Edward C. Ramsay
Keyword(s):  
Elaphe Obsoleta ◽  
Rat Snake

scholarly journals An Experimental Test of Snake Skin Use to Deter Nest Predation

The Condor ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 963-965
Author(s):  
Elizabeth C. Medlin ◽  
Thomas S. Risch
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Elaphe Obsoleta ◽  
Glaucomys Volans ◽  
Artificial Nests ◽  
Nest Boxes ◽  
Adaptive Explanation ◽  
Mammalian Predators ◽  
Nesting Material ◽  
Rat Snake ◽  
Southern Flying Squirrel

Abstract Abstract Some bird species utilize snake skins as nesting material, possibly to decrease predation. We constructed 60 artificial nests simulating the nests of Great Crested Flycatchers (Myiarchus crinitus) in nest boxes to test the prediction that snake skins deter nest predators. Twenty of the boxes lacked rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta) skins (control), 20 had a single skin in the nest, and 20 had a skin in the nest and another displayed outside the box. Five of the control boxes were depredated (20%), while none of the experimental boxes were depredated. Our results supported our prediction that use of snake skins would deter mammalian predators, particularly the southern flying squirrel (Glaucomys volans). Although our results suggest a potential adaptive explanation for this behavior, our design did not allow us to address the degree of olfactory or visual detection by the squirrels, and left other potential explanations untested.

The foraging ecology of the gray rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta spiloides). III. Searching for different prey types in structurally varied habitats

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 548-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J Mullin ◽  
Robert J Cooper ◽  
William HN Gutzke
Keyword(s):  
Prey Capture ◽  
Foraging Ecology ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Prey Type ◽  
Foraging Strategies ◽  
Vegetation Density ◽  
Small Rodents ◽  
Elaphe Obsoleta ◽  
Rat Snake ◽  
Low Levels

Dietary generalists foraging for prey inhabiting different microhabitats may encounter different levels of structural complexity. We examined the effect of variation in prey type on the predation success and behaviors of the semi-arboreal gray rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta spiloides) foraging in structurally varied habitats. Individual snakes searched for contents of arboreal birds' nests or for small rodents in enclosures that simulated a bottomland hardwood forest habitat with one of five levels of vegetation density. Latency to prey capture was lower when the snakes were searching for small rodents than when they were searching for birds' nests, and lower for male snakes than for females. Generally, snakes were most successful when searching for prey in enclosures with low levels of structural complexity, and experienced decreased predation success in barren or highly complex habitats. Habitats with low levels of structural complexity may offer the snakes concealment from predation while not obscuring their perception or pursuit of prey. Of behavior durations measured in the trials, over 95% concerned 6 of the 20 behaviors described, and 3 of these occurred more often than the others, regardless of variation in the structural complexity of the habitat. Foraging gray rat snakes exhibited behaviors characteristic of active and ambush foraging strategies that increased their predation success on different prey types in the varied environments.

Phacoemulsification of bilateral mature cataracts in a Texas rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta lindheimeri)

2017 ◽  
Vol 251 (11) ◽  
pp. 1318-1323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric C. Ledbetter ◽  
Ricardo de Matos ◽  
Rebekah M. Riedel ◽  
Teresa L. Southard
Keyword(s):  
Elaphe Obsoleta ◽  
Rat Snake
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