Fundamentalism and Skepticism

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-103
Author(s):  
Mohammad M. Tajdini ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Fundamentalism ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Theoretical Problem ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Philosophical Investigation ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Modern Thought ◽  
Global Peace ◽  
Sufficient Proof

Fundamentalism was and still is a major threat to global peace and security. The modern world has shown itself to be vulnerable to this persistent threat. The emergence and growth of many fundamentalist cults in the last century, from fascism and communism to various types of religious fundamentalism, is sufficient proof of this point. This paper presents a philosophical investigation of fundamentalism and its specific relation to skepticism, and highlights the ineffectiveness of skeptical philosophies to prevent fundamentalism in human society. Finally, it identifies a theoretical problem in modern thought which is at least partly responsible for the practical vulnerability of the modern world to fundamentalism, and discusses the possibility and necessity of a solution to fix that problem.

Relationship between Islamism and Al-Shabaab Activities in Garissa County

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 5017-5025
Author(s):  
Alinur Hassan Haji ◽  
Crispinous Iteyo
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Rational Choice ◽  
Rational Choice Theory ◽  
Choice Theory ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Global Peace

Terrorism has been a major threat to global peace and security in the recent years. The rate at which terror groups keep changing has brought concerns to various security stakeholders and to local communities affected. The Al-shaabab terror network that operates in the horn of African has been a major concern to various neighbours of Somalia with Kenya being the most affected Garissa County. The Al-shaabab activities which have largely been associated with extreme Islamic teachings have been a concern in the county. The study was underpinned by the Rational Choice Theory. The sample size was 384. The study was conducted in Garissa County. The results showed  that there was a relationship between Islamism and Al-shaabab activities Garissa County. The Al-Shabaab militia had on many occasions used extreme teaching to justify their terrors attacks in Garissa county in the name of jihad which had caused serious concerns in the area.

Diplomacy and the challenges of resolving maritime boundary disputes in West Africa: Weighing the options in the case of Ghana and its immediate neighbours

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 773-790
Author(s):  
Frederick Boamah
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Peaceful Resolution ◽  
Boundary Disputes ◽  
Maritime Boundary ◽  
International Dispute ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Global Peace

Over the years, the international community has ensured the peaceful resolution of conflict among states. This is reflected in the Charter of the United Nations, where peaceful resolution of international disputes is promoted to ensure global peace and security. The use of diplomacy and pacific settlement of international dispute has been promoted among conflicting states due to its perceived inherent merits. This research explores the significance of diplomacy in resolving maritime boundary disputes in West Africa, placing emphasis on the disputes between Ghana and its neighbours. It does this by looking at secondary data, as well as the unpublished meeting minutes of the parties, to assess diplomacy and other pacific channels of conflict resolution as opposed to third-party dispute processes. The paper highlights diplomacy as the most appropriate means to resolve maritime boundary disputes in West Africa, particularly those confronting Ghana and its neighbours.

Part IV Activities of Organizations, Ch.9 Peace Operations

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dayal Anjali ◽  
Howard Lise Morjé
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Conflict Management ◽  
International Conflict ◽  
Military Intervention ◽  
Use Of Force ◽  
Peace Operations ◽  
The World ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Global Peace ◽  
World Organization

This chapter discusses the origins of peace operations; their evolution alongside the growing international conflict management structures of the United Nations (UN) and other international organizations; and their core functions, composition, and efficacy. Although peace operations have roots in earlier forms of military intervention, their emergence as a dominant tool for conflict management is a distinct innovation of the same internationalist project that forged the UN. Their evolution lays bare the fundamental tensions between state interests and the liberal internationalist project of a ‘world organization for the enforcement of peace’, and their execution has defined the way wars are fought today. The chapter focuses on UN peace operations throughout because they are the modal type of mission in the world. It also discusses the use of force within peace operations, an issue of growing importance that highlights fundamental tensions in the authorization and execution of internationally-led efforts to maintain global peace and security.

Peace is Everything: An Examination of the Bahá’í Faith’s Concept of Peace

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-259
Author(s):  
Hoda Mahmoudi
Keyword(s):  
Science And Religion ◽  
Dynamic Effects ◽  
Baha'i Faith ◽  
The World ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Global Peace ◽  
The Individual

This paper describes the central role of peace in the Bahá’í Faith. For Bahá’ís, peace begins at the level of the individual and migrates outward to the community, nation, and the world. The article explains how the Bahá’í Faith outlines a covenant – an agreement between Bahá’ís and between Bahá’ís and the world – made manifest in an Administrative Order in which the ascertainment of peaceful principles and the establishment of peaceful practices are developed. The paper explains how concepts like the oneness of humanity, the symbiosis between science and religion, and the unity of religion and God combine with ideals like justice, equality, and consultation to form a Bahá’í approach to the creation and maintenance of peace. Integration and disintegration – broad-structured, dynamic effects that shift societies and the world – will help to usher in two main aspects of a present and future Bahá’í order: the Lesser Peace and the Most Great Peace. The Lesser Peace is defined by the efforts of nations and international actors to form a broad-based, global peace. The Most Great Peace describes the arrival and ascendance of the Bahá’í Administrative Order, which will result in an unprecedented level of global peace and security.

Women, Peace, and Security: Mapping the (Re)Production of a Policy Ecosystem

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Kirby ◽  
Laura J Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Policy Transfer ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Norm Diffusion ◽  
State Action ◽  
Un Security Council ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Global Peace ◽  
Conventional Models

Abstract The Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) agenda is a global peace and security architecture conventionally understood as emerging from a suite of UN Security Council resolutions and accompanying member state action plans over the last twenty years. The agenda serves as a major international gender equality initiative in its own right and as a prominent example of the broadening of security practices in global politics. In this paper, we present the first truly systematic analysis of the agenda, drawing on a novel dataset of 213 WPS policy documents from across the UN system, national government initiatives, and regional and international organizations published between 2000 and 2018. We argue that the degree of variation in the WPS agenda is frequently underestimated in conventional models of norm diffusion and policy transfer, and instead propose an account of the agenda as a dynamic ecosystem shaped by reproduction and contestation. Our empirical mapping runs counter to established narratives about the development of the agenda, producing insights into the pace and location of the growth of WPS; the hierarchy of its key “pillars”; the emergence of new issues; the development of rival versions of the agenda; and the role of domestic institutions in shaping WPS policy. We find support for the claim that the WPS agenda is pluralizing in significant ways and provide illustrations of points of fracture within the agenda at large. Our argument has significant implications for the WPS research agenda and for scholarship on security norms and policy more broadly.

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