scholarly journals Data Set for the Reporting of Carcinomas of the Nasopharynx and Oropharynx: Explanations and Recommendations of the Guidelines From the International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting

2018 ◽  
Vol 143 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Lewis ◽  
David J. Adelstein ◽  
Abbas Agaimy ◽  
Diane L. Carlson ◽  
William C. Faquin ◽  
...  

The International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting was established to internationally unify and standardize the pathologic reporting of cancers based on collected evidence, as well as to allow systematic data collection across institutions and countries to guide cancer care in the future. An expert panel was convened to identify the minimum data set of elements that should be included in cancer reporting from tumors of the nasopharynx and oropharynx. Specifically, there has been a significant change in practice as a result of identifying oncogenic viruses, including human papillomavirus and Epstein-Barr virus, because they preferentially affect the oropharynx and nasopharynx, respectively. For these anatomic sites, when viral association is taken into account, usually reported elements of in situ versus invasive tumor, depth of invasion, and degree of differentiation are no longer applicable. Thus, guidance about human papillomavirus testing in oropharyngeal carcinomas and Epstein-Barr virus testing in nasopharyngeal carcinomas is highlighted. Further, the clinical and the pathologic differences in staging as proposed by the 8th edition of the Union for International Cancer Control are incorporated into the discussion, pointing out several areas of continued study and further elaboration. A summary of the International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting guidelines for oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal carcinomas is presented, along with discussion of the salient evidence and practical issues.

Author(s):  
S.I. Kutukova ◽  
A.B. Chukhlovin ◽  
A.I. Yaremenko ◽  
Yu.V. Ivaskova ◽  
A.Ya. Razumova ◽  
...  

The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of DNA viruses (HSV I and II, CMV, EBV, HPV6.11, HPV16 and HPV18) in the native oral mucosa of healthy volunteers (n=50; 30 men (60.0%), 20 women (40.0%); 25—74 years, median age — 55.0 years (95% CI 47.60-56.76)). All samples of the normal oral mucosa were detected by real-time PCR to detect viral DNA. The majority of the examined — 76% (33/50) — revealed the DNA: one type of viral DNA in 17 (38.00%) of the examined, a combination of the two types in 14 (28.00%). In the normal oral mucosa, DNA of Epstein-Barr virus was significantly more often detected: 15 (30.00%) (p = 0.0276) and human papilloma viruses 27 (54.00%) (p <0.0001), especially HPV-18 (24 (48.00%)): mono-association in 9 (18.00%) examined and in 7 (14.00%) in combination with EBV DNA (p = 0.0253).


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frans J. Mulder ◽  
Faisal Klufah ◽  
Famke M. E. Janssen ◽  
Farzaneh Farshadpour ◽  
Stefan M. Willems ◽  
...  

ObjectiveDetermine the presence and prognostic value of human papillomavirus (HPV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), and cell cycle proteins in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) of non-smokers and non-drinkers (NSND).MethodsClinical characteristics and tumors of 119 NSND with HNSCC were retrospectively collected and analyzed on tissue microarrays. RNAscope in situ hybridization (ISH) was used to screen for the presence of HPV and MCPyV mRNA. Immunohistochemistry was performed for expression of p16 as surrogate marker for HPV, Large T-antigen for MCPyV, and cell cycle proteins p53 and pRb. Positive virus results were confirmed with polymerase chain reaction. For EBV, EBV encoded RNA ISH was performed. Differences in 5-year survival between virus positive and negative tumors were determined by log rank analysis.ResultsAll oropharyngeal tumors (OPSCC) (n = 10) were HPV-positive, in addition to one oral (OSCC) and one nasopharyngeal tumor (NPSCC). The other three NPSCC were EBV-positive. MCPyV was not detected. Patients with HPV or EBV positive tumors did not have a significantly better 5-year disease free or overall survival. Over 70% of virus negative OSCC showed mutant-type p53 expression.ConclusionIn this cohort, all OPSCC and NPSCC showed HPV or EBV presence. Besides one OSCC, all other oral (n = 94), hypopharyngeal (n = 1), and laryngeal (n = 9) tumors were HPV, EBV, and MCPyV negative. This argues against a central role of these viruses in the ethiopathogenesis of tumors outside the oro- and nasopharynx in NSND. So, for the majority of NSND with virus negative OSCC, more research is needed to understand the carcinogenic mechanisms in order to consider targeted therapeutic options.


2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 822-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pao-Hsien Chu ◽  
Shih-Ming Jung ◽  
Hsin-Chiung Lin ◽  
Chi-Hsiao Yeh ◽  
Hsueh-Hua Wu ◽  
...  

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