Electrochemical sensors for direct potentiometric determination of Voriconazole in pharmaceutical dosage forms and biological fluids

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nawal A. Alarfaj
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Sensors ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Potentiometric Determination ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms

scholarly journals SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF PROPRANOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE AND METOPROLOL TARTRATE IN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS, SPIKED WATER AND BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
D. K. Sharma ◽  
Jasvir Singh ◽  
Pushap Raj
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Carbon Disulphide ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Metoprolol Tartrate ◽  
Propranolol Hydrochloride ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
Relative Standard

Objective: A new spectrophotometric method for the determination of propranolol hydrochloride (PRO) and metoprolol tartrate (MTP), beta blocker drugs, has been developed for their analysis in pharmaceutical dosage forms for the purpose of quality control and water samples for monitoring impact on environmental water quality of natural sources and in biological fluids for ascertaining their physiological performance.Methods: The method is based on the derivatization of the amino function present in these drugs to the corresponding yellow copper (I) drug dithiocarbamate derivative through reaction with carbon disulphide, pyridine and copper (I) perchlorate in aqueous acetonitrile and measuring absorbance at 406 nm for propranolol and 400 nm for metoprolol. The different experimental parameters affecting the development and stability of the colour were carefully studied and optimized.Results: The Beer’s law is obeyed in the range of 1.0-40.0 μg/ml of each drug solution with a correlation coefficient 0.999. The maximum relative standard deviations (RSDs) in the analysis of pure PRO and MTP were 1.01 and 1.52 % respectively. The recoveries of the drugs from pharmaceutical formulations, spiked water samples and biological fluids were in the range 98.0-100.5 % with RSDs in the range 0.23-1.94% indicating good accuracy and precision of the method.Conclusion: The instantaneous development of colour and its stability, well-established stoichiometry of the reaction and above simplicity and rapidity of procedures are some special attributes of the proposed method.

Voltammetric Analysis of Atypical Antipsychotic Drugs with Solid Electrodes

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilek Kul
Keyword(s):  
Atypical Antipsychotic ◽  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Electrode Processes ◽  
Voltammetric Techniques

Background: Qualitative and quantitative analysis of atypical antipsychotic drugs used for the treatment of schizophrenia, depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder obtaining satisfactory results can be ensured by voltammetric techniques. The aim of this review is to present the application of voltammetric techniques developed for the determination of the atypical antipsychotic drugs, which are amisulpride, aripiprazole, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine fumarate, risperidone, sertindole, and ziprasidone, in pharmaceutical dosage forms and biological samples. Methods: Studies in the literature published between 2004 and 2017 based on the voltammetric determination of atypical antipsychotic drugs were gathered using scientific databases. The results obtained from these studies were combined and interpreted. Results: oltammetric techniques applied for the sensitive determination of trace amounts of the selected atypical antipsychotic drugs in their pharmaceutical dosage forms and biological fluids were compared. The best analysis conditions were obtained after the optimization of some parameters such as buffer type, pH, and scan rate. For diffusion controlled electrode processes, it was observed that differential pulse and square wave voltammetry methods were generally used for the sensitive quantitative determination of the drugs, whereas stripping methods were used for the adsorption controlled electrode processes. Detection limits were between 1.53×10-3 µM for clozapine and 0.97 µM for risperidone. Conclusion: The electrodes used in the studies showed high selectivity, sensitivity, and good accuracy with precision. The developed methods were also applied to pharmaceutical preparations of the drugs and biological fluids with satisfactory results, without any interference from inactive excipients.

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