Results of AAS-measurements of atmospheric deposition of copper and lead in the snow cover of Almaty agglomeration

The article presents the results of the study conducted on the territory of the Almaty agglomeration (AA) in the first half of 2019. During the expeditionary studies, sampling was carried out at 30 permanent points established taking into account the degree of anthropogenic load and sources of technogenic pollution. The content of trace elements (TE) in the snow was determined by a flame atomic absorption spectrometric method using an AA-7000 spectrophotometer with a hollow cathode lamp and with a nozzle burner operating on an acetylene-air mixture. The paper considers the amount of content of copper and lead in the snow, as well as the nature of their distribution over the study area. Calculations were carried out on the number of depositions of the TE in question per unit area over the territory of the agglomeration, with the allocation of zones experiencing the highest technogenic load.

Mercury Determination in Certifiable Color Additives Using Thermal Decomposition Amalgamation and Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Analysis

Background Color additives requiring batch certification by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) specification limits for certain elements and are usually analyzed by x-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF). However, sensitivity for Hg is too low in some color additives. Objective The thermal decomposition amalgamation-atomic absorption spectrometric (TDA-AAS) technique was investigated for providing quick and accurate determinations of Hg in certifiable color additives. Methods Tests were performed to optimize conditions and test reliability of Hg determinations at and below the CFR specification limit of 1 mg/kg. Results Sensitivity is much improved over XRF with limits of quantitation of 0.03 mg/kg for highly homogeneous color additives. Conclusions The TDA-AAS method can be used for determining Hg concentrations at and below the CFR specification limit. The technique is effective for all color additives, including those that are difficult to analyze by XRF, but less efficient for color additives that quickly deteriorate the catalyst. Regular quality checks using certified reference materials and in-house matrix-matched check standards are essential. Highlights The TDA-AAS method is applicable for use in routine color additive batch certification. Certain matrices (notably those that release nitrogen or sulfur oxides or halogens upon combustion) necessitate more frequent replacement of the catalyst and recalibration, impacting productivity. Color additives containing BaSO4, in color additive lakes, that are difficult to analyze by other techniques are well suited for TDA-AAS analysis.

Mercury Determination Using Stannous Chloride Reductant Followed by Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Measurement: Performance Characteristics, Uncertainty Estimation, and Compliance Assessment

Indonesian government has committed to reduce and eliminate mercury. Hence, the intensity of monitoring activities of mercury levels in various matrices would be increased and supported by qualified analytical data. Key characteristic performances, i.e., the limit of detection, linear range, precision, trueness, have been successfully carried out, and the method was shown to fit the purpose. The limit detection, LoD and LoQ, were found to be 0.26 and 0.86 µg/L, respectively, which were adequate to reach the tightest regulatory limit of mercury in surface water (1 µg/L). The examined linearity range of 1-20 µg/L has been found sufficient for its application since a high mercury concentration in the typical sample is seldomly expected. Precision and trueness aspects of the method were shown to have satisfaction performance, with CV of 1,24% and recovery of 104.54%. All the possible uncertainty sources have been identified in this study. Since no reference material was available, the uncertainty of bias was evaluated through the recovery of the spiked sample. Compliance assessment to six measurement results has been performed; one result was below LoQ, four were clearly below regulatory limit, and one was questionable. Hence a decision rule was applied.

Comparative Studies of Lead and Chromium Concentration in Red Chili and Turmeric Powder

The red chili and turmeric powder available commercially in Lahore supermarkets which were randomly analyzed to evaluate the lead (Pb), and chromium (Cr) concentration by atomic absorption spectrometric technique. Lead and chromium were found to be in the ranges of 0.0050-0.01 ppm and 0.0430-0.1482 ppm, respectively. The mean concentration of lead in the red chili and turmeric powders were found to be 2.6 mg/Kg and 5.3 mg/Kg respectively, while that of the chromium was found to be 0.0419 mg/Kg and 0.1142 mg/Kg respectively. Levels of both these metals (lead and chromium) are therefore lower in the red chili compared to the turmeric powder. Also, both the samples are comparatively rich in lead as compared to chromium.

Impact of Wastewater and Canal Water Irrigation on the Accumulation of Copper in Maize and Millet of Different Districts of Punjab Pakistan

In current work, we examined the absorption of metal Copper in generally grown food crops (Maize & Millet), cultivated in the waste water irrigated different Districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Analyzed samples of Water, Soil, shoot and grain were processed through atomic absorption spectrometric method. Our findings of Copper in water and Shoot were highest for Millet of Sargodha, irrigated with wastewater (1.69 mg/kg and 1.43 mg/kg respectively). In soil and grain samples maximum absorption of Cu was obtained in the waste water irrigated Maize (Sargodha) and Millet (Sheikhupura). Overall, Cu level was within the acceptable parameters set by FAO/WHO (2001). In this study, we also find out different indices such as Enrichment factor, Translocation factor, Pollution Load Index, Bio-concentration factor, Daily intake of metal and Health Risk Index. The study determined that frequently intake of waste watered forages in experimenting zone may carry possible health uncertainties in inhabitants.