scholarly journals Estudo anatômico da madeira de Coccoloba cordata Cham. (Polygonaceae)

1987 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
José Newton Cardoso Marchiori ◽  
Graciela I. Bolzón Muñiz
Keyword(s):  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Great Similarity ◽  
Axial Parenchyma ◽  
Anatomical Features

The wood anatomy of Coccoloba cordata Cham. is described in its general, macroscopic and microscopic aspects. Quantitative and stereological data, as well as photomicrographs of the wood are also presented. The anatomical structure shows a great similarity with literature references to genus Coccoloba and Family Polygonaceae. Among the anatomical features, it must be pointed out the presence of rhomboedric crystals in septate fibres and a diffuse axial parenchyma formed by a series of large crystaliferous cells.

scholarly journals Anatomia da madeira de Maba inconstants (Jacq.) Gris. (Ebenaceae)

1983 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
José Newton Cardoso Marchiori
Keyword(s):  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
The State ◽  
Great Similarity ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Native Tree

This study describes the general, macroscopic and microscopic anatomical structure of the called "Maria-Preta" (Maba inconstans (Jacq.) Gris.), a native tree to the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The wood anatomy of this species is compared with the usual literature for this botanical family. It was found a great similarity between the wood of Maba inconstans and the xylology of the genus Diospyros.

Wood anatomy of historic French violin bows made of Pernambuco wood

IAWA Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-332
Author(s):  
Tahysa Mota Macedo ◽  
Cecília Gonçalves Costa ◽  
Haroldo Cavalcante de Lima ◽  
Claudia Franca Barros
Keyword(s):  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
High Quality ◽  
String Instruments ◽  
Axial Parenchyma ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
19Th And 20Th Century ◽  
Brazilian Northeast

Abstract Paubrasilia echinata is recognized as the best wood in the manufacture of high-quality bows for string instruments. The wood anatomy of five historic French violin bows of the 19th and 20th century made of Pernambuco wood were investigated in order to reveal the wood anatomic features of these historical bows, to determine which P. echinata morphotype (arruda, café or laranja) was used in their manufacture and to identify the state of origin of the wood. Five bow samples were compared to 33 P. echinata specimens from the Brazilian states of Rio de Janeiro, Bahia, Paraíba and Rio Grande do Norte. The wood anatomical features were compared by means of principal component analysis, which revealed the type of axial parenchyma and percentage of tissue to be the most important to sort specimens. The best wood anatomical features previously described for high-quality bows were corroborated here and the bows in general showed similar wood anatomical features. Based on wood anatomy we found that the violin bows were most similar to the samples from the arruda morphotype derived from the States of Paraíba and Rio Grande do Norte by presenting scanty, unilateral and vasicentric axial parenchyma without confluences forming bands, higher percentage of fibres and lower percentage of axial parenchyma. We can therefore suggest that the historical French violin bows studied here were all made of the arruda morphotype from the Brazilian Northeast region helping explain the preference of the French explorers for this region.

Wood anatomy of the neotropical liana lineage Paullinia L. (Sapindaceae)

IAWA Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-300
Author(s):  
Joyce G. Chery ◽  
Israel L. da Cunha Neto ◽  
Marcelo R. Pace ◽  
Pedro Acevedo-Rodríguez ◽  
Chelsea D. Specht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Functional Anatomy ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Secondary Phloem ◽  
Phylogenetic Constraint ◽  
Axial Parenchyma ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Ray Parenchyma ◽  
Functional Implications ◽  
Cambial Variants

Abstract The liana genus Paullinia L. is one of the most speciose in the neotropics and is unusual in its diversity of stem macromorphologies and cambial conformations. These so-called “vascular cambial variants” are morphologically disparate, evolutionarily labile, and are implicated in injury repair and flexibility. In this study, we explore at the finer scale how wood anatomy translates into functions related to the climbing habit. We present the wood anatomy of Paullinia and discuss the functional implications of key anatomical features. Wood anatomy characters were surveyed for 21 Paullinia species through detailed anatomical study. Paullinia woods have dimorphic vessels, rays of two size classes, and both septate and non-septate fibers. Fibriform vessels, fusiform axial parenchyma, and elements morphologically intermediate between fibers and axial parenchyma were observed. Prismatic crystals are common in the axial and/or ray parenchyma, and laticifers are present in the cortex and/or the early-formed secondary phloem. Some features appear as unique to Paullinia or the Sapindaceae, such as the paucity of axial parenchyma and the abundance of starch storing fibers. Although many features are conserved across the genus, the Paullinia wood anatomy converges on several features of the liana-specific functional anatomy expressed across distantly related lianas, demonstrating an example of convergent evolution. Hence, the conservation of wood anatomy in Paullinia suggests a combination of phylogenetic constraint as a member of Sapindaceae and functional constraint from the liana habit.

Comparative Wood Anatomy of Southern South American Cupressaceae

IAWA Journal ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fidel A. Roig
Keyword(s):  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Parenchyma Cell ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
South American ◽  
Distributional Pattern ◽  
Axial Parenchyma ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Ray Parenchyma ◽  
Comparative Wood Anatomy ◽  
Fitzroya Cupressoides

The wood anatomy is described for the Cupressaceae indigenous to southem South America: Austrocedrus chilensis, Pilgerodendron uviferum and Fitzroya cupressoides. The abundance and distributional pattern of axial parenchyma within each annual ring, height, and the presence or absence of nodules in the end walls of ray parenchyma are all useful anatomical features for distinguishing between the three species. Physical characteristics such as odour and heartwood colour also can be used to separate these species. Axial parenchyma cell length and tracheid length show considerable interspecific variation. Tracheid lengths of Pilgerodendron, but not of Austrocedrus and Fitzroya, decrease with increasing latitude.

scholarly journals PERUBAHAN SIFAT FISIK DAN STABILITAS DIMENSI KAYU AKIBAT PENGAWETAN MENGGUNAKAN IMPREGNASI KARBONDIOKSIDA

PERENNIAL ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asdar
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Wood Identification ◽  
Axial Parenchyma ◽  
Parenchyma Cells ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Perforation Plates

The anatomical characteristics were studied to collect information for wood identification of Gyrinops versteegii from Gorontalo. Anatomical characterisics were determined from microtome sectioned samples and macerated samples. Observation of anatomical structure in accordance to IAWA List included vessel (diameter, height, grouping, frequention, porosity, arrangement, perforation plates, deposits, and pits), rays (type, height, width and frequention), parenchyme, and fiber (diameter, diameter of lumina and wall thickness). The research results obtained are G. versteegii has included phloem, diffuse porous, radial multiple 2-4(7), 90 µm in tangential diameter, 14 per sq.mm, simple perforation plates, intervessel pit alternate and no deposites in vessel. Rays uniseriate, heterocellular and 8,4 rays per mm. Axial parenchyma diffuse or associated with included phloem and there are fusiform parenchyma cells. Intercellular canals absent. This wood has short size and very thin walled fiber. Keywords: Agar wood, wood anatomy, included phloem, G. versteegii

scholarly journals Anatomia da madeira de Acacia plumosa Lowe (Leguminosae Mimodoideae)

1991 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Newton Cardoso Marchiori
Keyword(s):  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Short Length ◽  
Axial Parenchyma ◽  
Perforation Plates

The objective of this work is to study the wood anatomy of Acacia plumosa Lowe. The anatomical structure presents semi-ring porosity, vessel members of very short to short length, simple perforation plates, intervascular pits with vestures, axial parenchyma in paratracheal vasicentric and marginal crystalliferous arrangement, homogeneous and commonly biseriate rays, and septate libriform fibres. The presence of intercellular axial channels and cellular channels in the ray structure are of great taxonomic value. The late feature was unknown to the genus Acacia. The wood anatomy indicates that the species studied can be, classified in the series Vulgares Bentham, which corresponds, in general lines, to the sub-genus Aculeiferum of the Vassal's system.

scholarly journals Estudo anatômico da madeira de Vallesia glabra (Cav.) Link (Apocynaceae)

1988 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Graciela Inés Bolzón Muñiz ◽  
José Newton Cardoso Marchiori
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Axial Parenchyma ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Bordered Pits ◽  
Perforation Plates

The anatomical structure of the wood of Vallesia glabra (Cav.) Link is described, based in one specimen collected in the Argentinian Province of Santiago del Estero. Quantitative data and photomicrographs of certain wood features are presented. The most importante anatomical features of the wood are the diffuse porosity, small to medium solitary pores, simple perforation plates, small and vestured intervascular bordered pits, heterogeneous rays, apotracheal axial parenchyma, fibretracheids, and rhomboid chrystals in chambered cells of rays and axial parenchyma.

Wood Anatomical Variation of Acacia Melanoxylon in Relation to Latitude

IAWA Journal ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Wilkins ◽  
Sabine Papassotiriou
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Anatomical Variation ◽  
Basic Density ◽  
Vessel Diameter ◽  
Axial Parenchyma ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Acacia Melanoxylon ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Total Proportion

The wood anatomy of Acacia melanoxylon samples from various locations in eastern Australia was examined and a number of characteristics were found to be significantly related to latitude. Vessel member length, proportion of fibres and proportion of multiseriate rays were positively related to latitude. Vessel frequency, vessel diameter and the abundance of crystals were negatively related to latitude as were the proportion of: uniseriate rays, vessels and axial parenchyma. Total proportion of ray tissue and basic density was not found to be associated with latitude.Anatomical features associated with lower transpirational demand appeared to be correlated with the cooler, more xeric environmental conditions accompanying increasing latitude.

Wood anatomy of seven Stryphnodendron species (Mimosoid clade - Caesalpinioideae - Leguminosae)

IAWA Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Cristina Moreira dos Santos ◽  
Gabriel Uriel Cruz Araújo dos Santos ◽  
Claudia Franca Barros ◽  
Haroldo Cavalcante de Lima ◽  
Cátia Henriques Callado
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Axial Parenchyma ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Popular Medicine ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Anatomical Characters ◽  
Number Of Cells

ABSTRACT Stryphnodendron Mart. is a widespread genus in the Neotropics and its species are widely used for their timber, in popular medicine, and for tanning. The similarities in their external morphology make species identification difficult in this genus. This study describes and compares the wood anatomy of the seven species of Stryphnodendron most frequently found in Brazilian forest remnants, in order to identify which anatomical features can be used in their segregation. From seven species 31 samples of Stryphnodendron were studied. Principal Component Analysis was used to evaluate wood anatomical characters. The species were separated into two main groups, congruent with the division into multifoliolate and paucifoliolate species, due to the presence of diffuse, lozenge-aliform and confluent axial parenchyma. In the multifoliolate group, although two subgroups were formed due to ray width in number of cells, none of the species were individualised, which corroborates previous findings of high morphological and anatomical similarities of the multifoliolate species.

scholarly journals Anatomia da madeira de Ximenia americana L. (Olacaceae)

1988 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Graciela I. Bolzón de Muñiz ◽  
José Newton Cardoso Marchiori
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Intermediate Position ◽  
Axial Parenchyma ◽  
Vascular Elements ◽  
Ximenia Americana ◽  
Perforation Plates

The wood anatomy of Ximenia americana L. is described, based in one specimen colected in Santiago del Estero, Argentina. Quantitative data and photomicrographs of the anatomical structure are presented. The wood has extremely numerous pores in solitary arrangement, very short to short vascular elements, exclusively simple perforation plates, apotracheal-diffuse axial parenchyma, fibrotracheids and heterogeneous - II rays. The wood anatomy of Ximenia places the genus in an intermediate position within family Olacaceae.

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