Crop Response to Different Mulch Type and Furrow Irrigation Methods in Major Irrigated Areas of Ethiopia: A Review

Abstract Background: Deficit irrigation is one of the techniques used to enhance water productivity without significant yield loss in semiarid areas. Methods: A field experiment was conducted at Werer, Middle Awash Valley during the dry season of 2017/18, 2018/19 and, 2019/20 for three consecutive years to investigate the effects of deficit irrigation levels and furrow irrigation methods on onion yield and water productivity. Split plot design with three replications, in which the irrigation methods (Conventional, Fixed and Alternate Furrow) were assigned to the main plot and the three deficit levels (100% ETc, 75% ETc and 50% ETc), were in the sub-plot. Results: Results indicate that marketable onion bulb yield and water productivity were highly affected by the interaction effect of furrow irrigation methods and irrigation levels (p < 0.05). The highest bulb yield (17580.43 kg ha-) and water productivity (11.79 kg/m3) were obtained from conventional furrow irrigation method with100% ETc and alternate furrow irrigation with 50% ETc respectively. Considering water saved and maximum yield, Onion irrigated by AFI 100% ETC resulted in a 15% yield reduction with up to 50% irrigation water saving as compared to CFI 100% ETc. Conclusion: The present study suggests that, under water limiting conditions, adopting alternate furrow irrigation with 100% ETc can be an alternative to increase water productivity without significant yield reduction.

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Comparison of Sprinkler, Trickle, Subsurface, and Furrow Irrigation Methods for Row Crops 1

Agronomy Journal ◽

10.2134/agronj1980.00021962007200050002x ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 72 (5) ◽

pp. 701-704 ◽

Cited By ~ 68

Author(s):

Theodore W. Sammis

Keyword(s):

Furrow Irrigation ◽

Row Crops ◽

Irrigation Methods

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EFFECT OF IRRIGATION METHODS AND MAGNETIZATION OF WATER ON QUALITY OF SUNFLOWER AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY

IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES ◽

10.36103/ijas.v48i4.350 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Yahya & Abdul-Razaq

Keyword(s):

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Block Design ◽

Irrigation Treatment ◽

Furrow Irrigation ◽

Irrigation Methods ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Four Levels ◽

Alternate Furrow Irrigation

This experiment was carried out at the experimental farm of Field Crop Department, College of Agriculture, university of Baghdad, during two spring seasons of 2012 and 2013 to study the response of quality characteristics of sunflower cultivar Akmar to the irrigation methods and water of magnetization technology and water use efficiency. The experiment was laid out as a split plot in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Four irrigation methods were used as main plots, [Farrow irrigation (I1), unfixed alternate furrow irrigation (I2), fixed alternate furrow irrigation (I3) and basin irrigation (I4)], while four levels of magnetized water (0, 1000, 2000 and 3000) Gauss were used as sub plot treatments. The results revealed that unfixed alternate furrow irrigation method could reduce irrigation water by 40 %, and it was irrigation water reduced from 425 to 255 mm per season in 2012th season and reduced from 364 to 234mm per season in 2013 season were an increment of water use efficiency (WUE) by 63.5% and 61.4% were accrued during growing seasons respectively in comparison with full irrigation treatment (I1). The Leaves potassium content decreased by14.4 to 5.8% for both seasons respectively. No significant effect was detected between I1 and I2 in qualitative traits except reduction in oil percentage as it reaches 6.3 to 8.8% in both seasons respectively. Results displayed a positive effect of using magnetized irrigation water on all measured traits. WUE increased by 45.1 to 56 %, nitrogen leaf content by 19.6 and 4.8% , phosphor leaves content by 35.1 and 41.7%, potassium leaves content by 20.7 and 10.8%, chlorophyll content by 4.5 to 7.6%, seed oil content by 5.0 to 5.6%. Interaction relations between experiment treatments were significant in some of studded traits.

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Effect of Air Moisture on Pepper Growth with Different Irrigation Methods in a Greenhouse

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.361-363.676 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 361-363 ◽

pp. 676-682 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bo Li ◽

Tie Liang Wang

Keyword(s):

Air Temperature ◽

Drip Irrigation ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Field Capacity ◽

Furrow Irrigation ◽

Tube Flow ◽

Irrigation Methods ◽

Crop Diseases ◽

Small Tube ◽

Increase Crop Yield

Air moisture in a greenhouse is an important factor to reduce crop diseases and insect pests and to increase crop yield. When soil moisture was 60%-70% of field capacity and the irrigating quota was 15mm, this paper experimentally studies the effect of air moisture on the growth of pepper in the greenhouse. Moreover, it analyzed the incidence of crop pests diseases respectively with small tube flow, infiltration irrigation, drip irrigation and furrow irrigation. The results show that the relevance between air moisture and irrigation methods is obvious. The variety trend of air temperature and air moisture are opposite, when the air temperature in a greenhouse is controlled between 25°C and 28°C, the air moisture in a greenhouse is lower. And the air moisture in a greenhouse is the lowest with infiltration irrigation, the incidence of crop diseases and insect pests is close to that with small tube flow and 35% lower than that with furrow irrigation; and the yield (2310kg/mu) is the highest with infiltration irrigation. The yield of pepper with drip irrigation, infiltration irrigation and small tube flow are 17%、39%、34% higher than that with furrow irrigation respectively.

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On-station Evaluation of Family Drip Irrigation System in North-West Ethiopia

Journal of Engineering Research and Reports ◽

10.9734/jerr/2019/v8i316993 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Kasa Mekonen Tiku ◽

Shushay Hagoes ◽

Berhane Yohanes

Keyword(s):

Irrigation Water ◽

Drip Irrigation ◽

Irrigation System ◽

Water Productivity ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

Furrow Irrigation ◽

Drip Irrigation System ◽

North West ◽

Irrigation Methods ◽

Irrigation Water Productivity

The study was carried out at the effect of drip and surface irrigation (Furrow irrigation) methods on onion and sesame crops from December 2011 to May 2012 in the Tigray region of Northwest Ethiopia. The objective was to evaluate the family drip irrigation system in comparison with furrow irrigation system in terms of irrigation water productivity (using 100% ETc for both commodities). The water saved in drip irrigation over furrow irrigation was found to be 33% for onion and sesame crops. The irrigation water productivity of onion was 0.9 kg/m3 and 0.55 kg/m3 under drip and furrow irrigation methods respectively. The irrigation water productivity of sesame was 0.14 kg/m3 and 0.045 kg/m3 under drip and furrow irrigation methods respectively.

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Okra Crop Response Under Subsurface Drip and Conventional Furrow Irrigation with Varying N Fertilization

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis ◽

10.1080/00103624.2018.1510953 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 49 (19) ◽

pp. 2429-2445 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ashish Patil ◽

Kamlesh Narayan Tiwari

Keyword(s):

N Fertilization ◽

Furrow Irrigation ◽

Crop Response ◽

Subsurface Drip

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Mechanisms of Subsurface Drip Irrigation-Mediated Suppression of Lettuce Drop Caused by Sclerotinia minor

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto.1998.88.3.252 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 88 (3) ◽

pp. 252-259 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

A. A. Bell ◽

L. Liu ◽

B. Reidy ◽

R. M. Davis ◽

K. V. Subbarao

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Drip Irrigation ◽

Soil Microflora ◽

Sampling Time ◽

Furrow Irrigation ◽

Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽

Microbial Populations ◽

Irrigation Methods ◽

Lettuce Drop ◽

Subsurface Drip

Subsurface drip irrigation and associated mandatory minimum tillage practices significantly reduced the incidence of lettuce drop (Sclerotinia minor) and the severity of corky root on lettuce compared with furrow irrigation and conventional tillage. Three possible mechanisms for the drip irrigation-mediated disease suppression were examined in this study: qualitative and quantitative differences in the soil microflora under furrow and subsurface drip irrigation; their antagonism and potential bio-control effects on S. minor; and the physical distribution of soil moisture and temperature relative to the two irrigation methods. To determine if the suppressive effects under subsurface drip irrigation were related to changes in soil microflora, soils were assayed for actinomycetes, bacteria, and fungi during the spring and fall seasons. The effects of the irrigation methods on microbial populations were nearly identical during both seasons. In the spring season, the total number of fungal colonies recovered on potato dextrose agar amended with rose Bengal generally was greater in soils under drip irrigation than under furrow irrigation, but no such differences were observed during the fall. Numbers of actinomycetes and bacteria were not significantly different between irrigation methods during either season. No interaction between sampling time and irrigation methods was observed for any of the microbial populations during both seasons. Thus, the significant effect of sampling time observed for actinomycete and bacterial populations during the spring was most likely not caused by the irrigation treatments. There were also no qualitative differences in the three groups of soil microflora between the irrigation treatments. Even though some fungal, actinomycete, and bacterial isolates suppressed mycelial growth of S. minor in in vitro assays, the isolates came from both subsurface drip- and furrow-irrigated soils. In in planta assays, selected isolates failed to reduce the incidence of drop in lettuce plants. The soil moisture under subsurface drip irrigation was significantly lower at all depths and distances from the bed center after an irrigation event than under furrow irrigation. The soil temperature, in contrast, was significantly higher at both 5 and 15 cm depths under drip irrigation than under furrow irrigation. The suppression of lettuce drop under subsurface drip irrigation compared with furrow irrigation is attributed to differential moisture and temperature effects rather than to changes in the soil microflora or their inhibitory effects on S. minor.

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Response of Two Potato Varieties to Irrigation Methods in the Dry Mediterranean Area

Agriculture (Pol nohospodárstvo) ◽

10.2478/agri-2018-0006 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

pp. 57-64

Author(s):

Ibrahim Mubarak ◽

Mussaddak Janat ◽

Mohsen Makhlouf

Keyword(s):

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Drip Irrigation ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Furrow Irrigation ◽

Potato Varieties ◽

Irrigation Method ◽

Irrigation Methods ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Sprinkle Irrigation

Abstract Due to water scarcity and dry Mediterranean conditions, improving water use efficiency is a major challenge for sustainable crop production and environment protection. Field experiments were conducted for two consecutive years (2010 and 2011) to assess the effects of variety and irrigation method on potato crop, following a 2 × 4 factorial experiment type arranged in a split plot design with two spring potato varieties (Spunta and Marfona), and four irrigation methods (drip irrigation with two modes of dripper spacing/dripper flow: 30 cm at 4 l/h and 60 cm at 8 l/h, sprinkle irrigation, and furrow irrigation), with three replicates. Potato was irrigated when soil moisture in the active root depth was within the range of 75-80% of field capacity as determined by the neutron probe technique. Results did not show any differences between both varieties. Moreover, no differences in marketable yield, total dry matter, and harvest index were found between irrigation methods. However, results showed that sprinkle irrigation significantly enhanced nitrogen use efficiency. Furthermore, both water productivity and irrigation water use efficiency were significantly increased under drip irrigation compared with the other irrigation methods. They were about twice those under furrow irrigation, indicating that the employment of drip irrigation method can effectively address water shortage and sustainable potato production, in the dry Mediterranean region.

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