scholarly journals Peer Review #2 of "Tree mortality from a short-duration freezing event and global-change-type drought in a Southwestern piñon-juniper woodland, USA (v0.1)"

Author(s):  
S Schwinning
2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 381-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison B. Simler-Williamson ◽  
David M. Rizzo ◽  
Richard C. Cobb

Pathogens and insect pests are important drivers of tree mortality and forest dynamics, but global change has rapidly altered or intensified their impacts. Predictive understanding of changing disease and outbreak occurrence has been limited by two factors: ( a) tree mortality and morbidity are emergent phenomena determined by interactions between plant hosts, biotic agents (insects or pathogens), and the environment; and ( b) disparate global change drivers co-occur, obscuring net impacts on each of these components. To expand our understanding of changing forest diseases, declines, and outbreaks, we adopt a framework that identifies and organizes observed impacts of diverse global change drivers on the primary mechanisms underlying agent virulence and host susceptibility. We then discuss insights from ecological theory that may advance prediction of forest epidemics and outbreaks. This approach highlights key drivers of changing pest and pathogen dynamics, which may inform forest management aimed at mitigating accelerating rates of tree mortality globally.


2007 ◽  
Vol 274 (1625) ◽  
pp. 2531-2537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven L Chown ◽  
Sarette Slabber ◽  
Melodie A McGeoch ◽  
Charlene Janion ◽  
Hans Petter Leinaas

Synergies between global change and biological invasion have been identified as a major potential threat to global biodiversity and human welfare. The global change-type drought characteristic of many temperate terrestrial ecosystems is especially significant because it will apparently favour invasive over indigenous species, adding to the burden of conservation and compromising ecosystem service delivery. However, the nature of and mechanisms underlying this synergy remain poorly explored. Here we show that in a temperate terrestrial ecosystem, invasive and indigenous springtail species differ in the form of their phenotypic plasticity such that warmer conditions promote survival of desiccation in the invasive species and reduce it in the indigenous ones. These differences are consistent with significant declines in the densities of indigenous species and little change in those of invasive species in a manipulative field experiment that mimicked climate change trends. We suggest that it is not so much the extent of phenotypic plasticity that distinguishes climate change responses among these invasive and indigenous species, as the form that this plasticity takes. Nonetheless, this differential physiological response provides support for the idea that in temperate terrestrial systems experiencing global change-type drought, invasive species may well be at an advantage relative to their indigenous counterparts.


2011 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 1474-1478 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Carnicer ◽  
M. Coll ◽  
M. Ninyerola ◽  
X. Pons ◽  
G. Sanchez ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 095006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna J M Hopkins ◽  
Katinka X Ruthrof ◽  
Joseph B Fontaine ◽  
George Matusick ◽  
Shannon J Dundas ◽  
...  

2005 ◽  
Vol 102 (42) ◽  
pp. 15144-15148 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Breshears ◽  
N. S. Cobb ◽  
P. M. Rich ◽  
K. P. Price ◽  
C. D. Allen ◽  
...  
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