scholarly journals Habitat-of-origin predicts degree of adaptation in urban tolerant birds

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence E Conole
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Indirect Inference ◽  
Behavioural Ecology ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Direct Data ◽  
Urban Bird ◽  
Similar Kind ◽  
Urban Exploiter

Urban exploiters and adapters are often coalesced under a term of convenience as ‘urban tolerant’. This useful but simplistic characterisation masks a more nuanced interplay between and within assemblages of birds that are more or less well adapted to a range of urban habitats. Furthermore, cues are generally sought in behavioural ecology and physiology for the degree to which particular bird species are predisposed to urban living. The data in this paper are focused on two assemblages characterised as urban exploiters and suburban adapters from Melbourne, Australia. This study departs from the approach taken in many others of similar kind in that urban bird assemblages that form the basis of the work were identified at the landscape scale and from direct data analyses rather than indirect inference. Further, this paper employs a paired, partitioned analysis of exploiter and adapter preferences for points along the urban-rural gradient that seeks to decompose the overall trend into diagnosable parts for each assemblage. In the present paper I test the hypotheses that the distinct urban exploiter and suburban adapter assemblages within the broad urban tolerant grouping in Melbourne vary in their responses within the larger group to predictor variables, and that the most explanatory predictor variables vary between the two assemblages. In the end, habitat-of-origin better predicts degree of adaptation amongst urban tolerant birds.

scholarly journals Habitat-of-origin predicts degree of adaptation in urban tolerant birds

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence E Conole
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Indirect Inference ◽  
Behavioural Ecology ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Direct Data ◽  
Urban Bird ◽  
Similar Kind ◽  
Urban Exploiter

Urban exploiters and adapters are often coalesced under a term of convenience as ‘urban tolerant’. This useful but simplistic characterisation masks a more nuanced interplay between and within assemblages of birds that are more or less well adapted to a range of urban habitats. Furthermore, cues are generally sought in behavioural ecology and physiology for the degree to which particular bird species are predisposed to urban living. The data in this paper are focused on two assemblages characterised as urban exploiters and suburban adapters from Melbourne, Australia. This study departs from the approach taken in many others of similar kind in that urban bird assemblages that form the basis of the work were identified at the landscape scale and from direct data analyses rather than indirect inference. Further, this paper employs a paired, partitioned analysis of exploiter and adapter preferences for points along the urban-rural gradient that seeks to decompose the overall trend into diagnosable parts for each assemblage. In the present paper I test the hypotheses that the distinct urban exploiter and suburban adapter assemblages within the broad urban tolerant grouping in Melbourne vary in their responses within the larger group to predictor variables, and that the most explanatory predictor variables vary between the two assemblages. In the end, habitat-of-origin better predicts degree of adaptation amongst urban tolerant birds.

scholarly journals Habitat-of-origin predicts degree of adaptation in urban tolerant birds

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence E Conole
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Indirect Inference ◽  
Behavioural Ecology ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Direct Data ◽  
Urban Bird ◽  
Similar Kind ◽  
Urban Exploiter

Urban exploiters and adapters are often coalesced under a term of convenience as ‘urban tolerant’. This useful but simplistic characterisation masks a more nuanced interplay between and within assemblages of birds that are more or less well adapted to a range of urban habitats. Furthermore, cues are generally sought in behavioural ecology and physiology for the degree to which particular bird species are predisposed to urban living. The data in this paper are focused on two assemblages characterised as urban exploiters and suburban adapters from Melbourne, Australia. This study departs from the approach taken in many others of similar kind in that urban bird assemblages that form the basis of the work were identified at the landscape scale and from direct data analyses rather than indirect inference. Further, this paper employs a paired, partitioned analysis of exploiter and adapter preferences for points along the urban-rural gradient that seeks to decompose the overall trend into diagnosable parts for each assemblage. In the present paper I test the hypotheses that the distinct urban exploiter and suburban adapter assemblages within the broad urban tolerant grouping in Melbourne vary in their responses within the larger group to predictor variables, and that the most explanatory predictor variables vary between the two assemblages. In the end, habitat-of-origin better predicts degree of adaptation amongst urban tolerant birds.

scholarly journals Habitat-of-origin predicts degree of adaptation in urban tolerant birds

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence E Conole
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Indirect Inference ◽  
Behavioural Ecology ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Direct Data ◽  
Urban Bird ◽  
Similar Kind ◽  
Urban Exploiter

Urban exploiters and adapters are often coalesced under a term of convenience as ‘urban tolerant’. This useful but simplistic characterisation masks a more nuanced interplay between and within assemblages of birds that are more or less well adapted to a range of urban habitats. Furthermore, cues are generally sought in behavioural ecology and physiology for the degree to which particular bird species are predisposed to urban living. The data in this paper are focused on two assemblages characterised as urban exploiters and suburban adapters from Melbourne, Australia. This study departs from the approach taken in many others of similar kind in that urban bird assemblages that form the basis of the work were identified at the landscape scale and from direct data analyses rather than indirect inference. Further, this paper employs a paired, partitioned analysis of exploiter and adapter preferences for points along the urban-rural gradient that seeks to decompose the overall trend into diagnosable parts for each assemblage. In the present paper I test the hypotheses that the distinct urban exploiter and suburban adapter assemblages within the broad urban tolerant grouping in Melbourne vary in their responses within the larger group to predictor variables, and that the most explanatory predictor variables vary between the two assemblages. In the end, habitat-of-origin better predicts degree of adaptation amongst urban tolerant birds.

scholarly journals On fearfulness and patterns of bird urbanisation in an Australian metropolis

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence E Conole
Keyword(s):  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Bird Flight ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Behavioural Factors ◽  
Urban Exploiter ◽  
Acting In Concert ◽  
Flight Initiation

I have utilised an assemblage of 91 bird species, their urban tolerance status objectively classified, with data on bird flight initiation distance (FID), to test questions of the importance of birds’ fearfulness of humans in determining urban tolerance or intolerance in the metropolis of Melbourne, Australia. While several studies have shown that mean FID for bird species (mFID) differs between rural and urban populations of bird species, stronger predictive ability is shown by variability in FID (cvFID) in modelling urban invasiveness. I test two hypotheses. Firstly, that mFID will be shorter in urban exploiter bird species than urban adapters and avoiders. Secondly that cvFID is positively correlated with bird incidence at the landscape scale in Melbourne. Relatively weak explanatory power of cvFID found in this study suggest that environmental and behavioural factors acting in concert better explain the urban tolerance of bird species and assemblages, rather than fearfulness alone.

scholarly journals On fearfulness and patterns of bird urbanisation in an Australian metropolis

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence E Conole
Keyword(s):  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Bird Flight ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Behavioural Factors ◽  
Urban Exploiter ◽  
Acting In Concert ◽  
Flight Initiation

I have utilised an assemblage of 91 bird species, their urban tolerance status objectively classified, with data on bird flight initiation distance (FID), to test questions of the importance of birds’ fearfulness of humans in determining urban tolerance or intolerance in the metropolis of Melbourne, Australia. While several studies have shown that mean FID for bird species (mFID) differs between rural and urban populations of bird species, stronger predictive ability is shown by variability in FID (cvFID) in modelling urban invasiveness. I test two hypotheses. Firstly, that mFID will be shorter in urban exploiter bird species than urban adapters and avoiders. Secondly that cvFID is positively correlated with bird incidence at the landscape scale in Melbourne. Relatively weak explanatory power of cvFID found in this study suggest that environmental and behavioural factors acting in concert better explain the urban tolerance of bird species and assemblages, rather than fearfulness alone.

scholarly journals Long-term species richness-abundance dynamics in relation to species departures and arrivals in wintering urban bird assemblages

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jukka Suhonen ◽  
Jukka Jokimäki
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Total Abundance ◽  
Bird Species Richness ◽  
Abundance Dynamics ◽  
Local Species Richness ◽  
Local Species ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Urban Bird ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Abstract Temporal dynamics of local assemblages depend on the species richness and the total abundance of individuals as well as local departure and arrival rates of species. We used urban bird survey data collected from the same 31 study plots and methods during three winters (1991–1992; 1999–2000 and 2009–2010) to analyze the temporal relationship between bird species richness and total number of individuals (abundance). We also evaluated local departures and arrivals of species in each assemblage. In total, 13,812 individuals of 35 species were detected. The temporal variation in bird species richness followed the variation in the total number of individuals. The numbers of local departure and arrival events were similar. Also, the mean number of individuals of the recently arrived species (8.6) was almost the same as the mean number of individuals of the departed species (8.2). Risk of species departure was inversely related to number of individuals. Local species richness increased by one species when the total abundance of individuals increased by around 125 individuals and vice versa. Our results highlight the important role of local population departures and arrivals in determining the local species richness-abundance dynamics in human-dominated landscapes. Local species richness patterns depend on the total number of individuals as well as both the departure-arrival dynamics of individual species as well as the dynamics of all the species together. Our results support the more individuals hypothesis, which suggests that individual-rich assemblages have more species.

scholarly journals On the interplay between phylogeny and environment on behaviour of two urban bird species,Columba liviaandCorvus corone(Aves)

2015 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Skandrani ◽  
A.-C. Prevot ◽  
N. E. Baldaccini ◽  
J. Gasparini
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Urban Bird

Associations of Bird Species Richness and Community Composition with Local and Landscape-scale Environmental Factors in Borneo

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 989-1001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel F. R. Cleary ◽  
Martin J. Genner ◽  
Timothy J. B. Boyle ◽  
Titiek Setyawati ◽  
Celina D. Angraeti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Bird Species Richness

scholarly journals Hobby and business on trading birds: Case study in bird market of Sukahaji, Bandung, West Java and Splendid, Malang, East Java (Indonesia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
BUDIAWATI S ISKANDAR ◽  
JOHAN ISKANDAR ◽  
RUHYAT PARTASASMITA
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
West Java ◽  
Urban Bird ◽  
The City

Abstract. Iskandar BS, Iskandar J, Partasasmita R. 2019. Hobby and business on trading birds: Case study in bird market of Sukahaji, Bandung, West Java and Splendid, Malang, East Java (Indonesia). Biodiversitas 20: 1316-1332. Bird species have various ecological and socio-economic-cultural functions for the human being. Ecologically, birds have beneficial functions in the ecosystem, such as helping plant pollinators, spreading plant seeds, participating in controlling agricultural pests, and monitoring environmental changes. Meanwhile, bird functions for the social-economic and culture of the community among them are known as sources of protein food, mystical functions, sources of material stories, sources of inspiration to make songs, craft materials, the source of gene pool, and become pets and trade animals. With the rise of the urban population hobby of raising birds and also the development of various bird contest activities in the urban, causing of the bird trade is very widespread in urban areas, such as in bird markets. In some cities in Indonesia, various bird markets have been popularly known for a long time. This study aimed to elucidate species diversity, folk classification, bird populations, bird prices, constraints to bird trade, and the positive and negative effects of bird trade in the urban bird market. The research method used a mixture of qualitative and quantitative methods with the ethnoecological approach. The results of this study showed that from a survey of 60 bird traders in the bird market of Sukahaji, Bandung, and Splendid, Malang, a total of 160 bird species, representing 38 families were documented. Among them, 10 species representing 7 families recorded as protected bird by law in Indonesia, based on recent government regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry of Republic of Indonesian No.106/MENLHK/SETJEN/KUM.1/12/2018. A total of 2,950 individuals were recorded in Sukahaji; while in Splendid were recorded 3,558 individuals. Prices of birds that are traded varied greatly depending on the species and characteristics of birds. It has been revealed that bird trade in the bird market has been various economic benefits for many people. However, due to the bird trade in bird markets in the city which has not been properly managed, the sustainability system of the bird trade in the city is very alarming caused of many factors, including decreasing of bird population over time in rural ecosystem as main supply of urban bird trading in the bird markets. Therefore, bird trading in the bird markets must be properly managed based on the sustainable development program concept, namely pro-economic, pro-social, and pro-environment.

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