scholarly journals The newly described Araguaian river dolphins, Inia araguaiaensis (Cetartyodactyla, Iniidae), produce a diverse repertoire of acoustic signals

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Melo-Santos ◽  
Angélica Lúcia Figueiredo Rodrigues ◽  
Rodrigo Hipólito Tardin ◽  
Israel de Sá Maciel ◽  
Miriam Marmontel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Acoustic Communication ◽  
Acoustic Signals ◽  
Acoustic Structure ◽  
River Dolphin ◽  
The Social ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Pilot Whales ◽  
Free Ranging

The recent discovery of the Araguaian river dolphin (Inia araguaiaensis) highlights how little we know about the diversity and biology of river dolphins. In this study, we described the acoustic repertoire of this newly discovered species in concert with their behaviour in free-ranging, human-habituated individuals. We analysed 393 signals that we classified into 13 types of tonal sounds (n=15) and 66 types of pulsed calls (n=378). The most common sounds were short two-component calls. Thirty-five percent (n=140) of these calls were emitted by calves as they reunited with their mothers suggesting a key role in mother-calf communication. Our findings show that the acoustic repertoire of river dolphins is far from simple. Furthermore, the calls described here are similar in acoustic structure to those produced by social delphinids, such as orcas and pilot whales. Uncovering the context in which these signals are produced may help understand the social structure of this species and contribute to our understanding of the evolution of acoustic communication in whales.

scholarly journals The newly described Araguaian river dolphins, Inia araguaiaensis (Cetartyodactyla, Iniidae), produce a diverse repertoire of acoustic signals

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Melo-Santos ◽  
Angélica Lúcia Figueiredo Rodrigues ◽  
Rodrigo Hipólito Tardin ◽  
Israel de Sá Maciel ◽  
Miriam Marmontel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Acoustic Communication ◽  
Acoustic Signals ◽  
Acoustic Structure ◽  
River Dolphin ◽  
The Social ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Pilot Whales ◽  
Free Ranging

The recent discovery of the Araguaian river dolphin (Inia araguaiaensis) highlights how little we know about the diversity and biology of river dolphins. In this study, we described the acoustic repertoire of this newly discovered species in concert with their behaviour in free-ranging, human-habituated individuals. We analysed 393 signals that we classified into 13 types of tonal sounds (n=15) and 66 types of pulsed calls (n=378). The most common sounds were short two-component calls. Thirty-five percent (n=140) of these calls were emitted by calves as they reunited with their mothers suggesting a key role in mother-calf communication. Our findings show that the acoustic repertoire of river dolphins is far from simple. Furthermore, the calls described here are similar in acoustic structure to those produced by social delphinids, such as orcas and pilot whales. Uncovering the context in which these signals are produced may help understand the social structure of this species and contribute to our understanding of the evolution of acoustic communication in whales.

scholarly journals The newly described Araguaian river dolphins, Inia araguaiaensis (Cetartyodactyla, Iniidae), produce a diverse repertoire of acoustic signals

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Melo-Santos ◽  
Angélica Lúcia Figueiredo Rodrigues ◽  
Rodrigo Hipólito Tardin ◽  
Israel de Sá Maciel ◽  
Miriam Marmontel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Acoustic Communication ◽  
Acoustic Signals ◽  
Acoustic Structure ◽  
River Dolphin ◽  
The Social ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Pilot Whales ◽  
Free Ranging

The recent discovery of the Araguaian river dolphin (Inia araguaiaensis) highlights how little we know about the diversity and biology of river dolphins. In this study, we described the acoustic repertoire of this newly discovered species in concert with their behaviour in free-ranging, human-habituated individuals. We analysed 393 signals that we classified into 13 types of tonal sounds (n=15) and 66 types of pulsed calls (n=378). The most common sounds were short two-component calls. Thirty-five percent (n=140) of these calls were emitted by calves as they reunited with their mothers suggesting a key role in mother-calf communication. Our findings show that the acoustic repertoire of river dolphins is far from simple. Furthermore, the calls described here are similar in acoustic structure to those produced by social delphinids, such as orcas and pilot whales. Uncovering the context in which these signals are produced may help understand the social structure of this species and contribute to our understanding of the evolution of acoustic communication in whales.

scholarly journals The newly described Araguaian river dolphins, Inia araguaiaensis (Cetartiodactyla, Iniidae), produce a diverse repertoire of acoustic signals

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Melo-Santos ◽  
Angélica Lúcia Figueiredo Rodrigues ◽  
Rodrigo Hipólito Tardin ◽  
Israel de Sá Maciel ◽  
Miriam Marmontel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Time Warping ◽  
Acoustic Signals ◽  
Adaptive Resonance Theory ◽  
Time Warping ◽  
Resonance Theory ◽  
Acoustic Structure ◽  
Adaptive Resonance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Pilot Whales ◽  
Dynamic Time

The recent discovery of the Araguaian river dolphin (Inia araguaiaensis) highlights how little we know about the diversity and biology of river dolphins. In this study, we described the acoustic repertoire of this newly discovered species in concert with their behaviour. We analysed frequency contours of 727 signals (sampled at 10 ms temporal resolution). These contours were analyzed using an adaptive resonance theory neural network combined with dynamic time-warping (ARTwarp). Using a critical similarity value of 96%, frequency contours were categorized into 237 sound-types. The most common types were emitted when calves were present suggesting a key role in mother-calf communication. Our findings show that the acoustic repertoire of river dolphins is far from simple. Furthermore, the calls described here are similar in acoustic structure to those produced by social delphinids, such as orcas and pilot whales. Uncovering the context in which these signals are produced may help understand the social structure of this species and contribute to our understanding of the evolution of acoustic communication in whales.

The Social Structure of Free-Ranging Bottlenose Dolphins

1987 ◽  
pp. 247-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randall S. Wells ◽  
Michael D. Scott ◽  
A. Blair Irvine
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphins ◽  
The Social ◽  
Free Ranging

Silence and Sound in Black Girl Utopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
Alexis Pauline Gumbs
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Black Girl ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mind And Body ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Tone Deaf ◽  
At Home

Ladeedah is an audio novella that takes place in a Black utopic space after “the improvised revolution.” Ladeedah is a tone-deaf, rhythm-lacking Black girl in a world where everyone dances and sings at all times. What is Ladeedah's destiny as a quiet, clumsy genius in a society where movement and sound are the basis of the social structure and the definition of freedom? This excerpt from Ladeedah focuses on Ladeedah's attempts to understand the meaning of revolution from her own perspectives—at home, at school, and in her own mind and body.

THE HIMYARITE KINGDOM ON THE EVE OF AND AFTER THE ETHIOPIAN DOMINANCE IN THE SIXTH CENTURY A.D. IN THE MARTYRDOM OF ST. ARETHAS AND HIS COMPANIONS AND IN THE ACTS OF ST. GREGENTIUS

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 678-700
Author(s):  
V Christides
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Present Author ◽  
Sixth Century ◽  
South Arabia ◽  
The Social ◽  
Preliminary Study

Based on two important hagiographical works written in Greek, the Martyrdom of St. Arethas and his companions and the Acts of St. Gregentius, the aim of this paper is to continue my preliminary study of the countries around the Red Sea in pre-Islamic times, especially in the sixth century A.D. The most valuable information in the Martyrdom concerns the hazardous voyage of the Ethiopian army from the main port of Adulis across the Red Sea to South Arabia (ca 525 A.D.). This work illuminates aspects of that expedition which do not appear in such detail in any other source. In addition, it describes the ports of the Red Sea in the sixth century, i.e., Klysma, Bereniki, Adulis, etc., corroborating the finds of archaeology and epigraphy. Concerning the controversial Acts of St. Gregentius, the present author has tried to discuss only some vital information reflecting the social structure of South Arabia during its Ethiopian occupation until the Persian conquest of it (ca 525 A.D. – ca 570 A.D.), and attempted to trace the origin of just one law (the treatment of animals) among those supposedly imposed on the Himyarites by the so-called archbishop Gregentius.

THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE AMARNA LETTERS TOWARDS A STUDY OF SYRO-PALESTINIAN SOCIAL STRUCTURE (1). TERMINOLOGY FOR GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 788-832
Author(s):  
Lukas M. Muntingh
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
The Social ◽  
Amarna Letters ◽  
Free People ◽  
Shed Light

Egyptian domination under the 18th and 19th Dynasties deeply influenced political and social life in Syria and Palestine. The correspondence between Egypt and her vassals in Syria and Palestine in the Amarna age, first half of the fourteenth century B.C., preserved for us in the Amarna letters, written in cuneiform on clay tablets discovered in 1887, offer several terms that can shed light on the social structure during the Late Bronze Age. In the social stratification of Syria and Palestine under Egyptian rule according to the Amarna letters, three classes are discernible:1) government officials and military personnel, 2) free people, and 3) half-free people and slaves. In this study, I shall limit myself to the first, the upper class. This article deals with terminology for government officials.

Victor S. D'Souza. Development Planning and Structural Inequalities: The Response of the Underprivileged. New Delhi: Sage Publications 1990. Pages 206 + Index. Price: Rs 180 (Hardbound).

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-317
Author(s):  
Ziaul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
The Social

Deveiopment planning in India, as in other developing countries, has generally been aimed at fostering an industrially-oriented policy as the engine of economic growth. This one-sided economic development, which results in capital formation, creation of urban elites, and underprivileged social classes of a modern society, has led to distortions in the social structure as a whole. On the contrary, as a result of this uneven economic development, which is narrowly measured in terms of economic growth and capital formation, the fruits of development have gone to the people according to their economic power and position in the social structure: those occupying higher positions benefiting much more than those occupying the lower ones. Thus, development planning has tended to increase inequalities and has sharpened divisive tendencies. Victor S. D'Souza, an eminent Indian sociologist, utilizing the Indian census data of 1961, 1971, and 1981, examines the problem of structural inequality with particular reference to the Indian Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes - the two most underprivileged sections of the present Indian society which, according to the census of 1981, comprised 15.75 percent and 7.76 percent of India's population respectively. Theoretically, he takes the concept of development in a broad sense as related to the self-fulfIlment of the individual. The transformation of the unjust social structure, the levelling down of glaring economic and social inequalities, and the concern for the development of the underprivileged are for the author the basic elements of a planned development. This is the theoretical perspective of the first chapter, "Development Planning and Social Transformation".

Globalization, Citizenship, and Subjectivity in Self Construction

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 135-146
Author(s):  
Namita Poudel
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Field ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Fields ◽  
Research Questions

One of the profound questions that troubled many philosophers is– “Who am I?” where do I come from? ‘Why am I, where I am? Or “How I see myself?” and maybe more technically -What is my subjectivity? How my subjectivity is formed and transformed? My attempt, in this paper, is to look at “I”, and see how it got shaped. To understand self, this paper tries to show, how subjectivity got transformed or persisted over five generations with changing social structure and institutions. In other words, I am trying to explore self-identity. I have analyzed changing subjectivity patterns of family, and its connection with globalization. Moreover, the research tries to show the role of the Meta field in search of subjectivity based on the following research questions; how my ancestor’s subjectivity changed with social fields? Which power forced them to change their citizenship? And how my identity is shaped within the metafield? The methodology of my study is qualitative. Faced to face interview is taken with the oldest member of family and relatives. The finding of my research is the subjectivity of Namita Poudel (Me) is shaped by the meta field, my position, and practices in the social field.

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