scholarly journals Dual roles of tear lipocalins as ‘chemical signalling’ and ‘toxic waste disposal’ systems of the house mouse

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Stopka ◽  
Petr Klempt ◽  
Barbora Kuntova ◽  
Romana Stopkova
Keyword(s):  
House Mouse ◽  
Toxic Waste ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Dual Roles ◽  
Sexual Dimorphisms ◽  
Mus Musculus Musculus ◽  
Chemical Signalling ◽  
Sexual Signalling ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Odorant Binding

Mammalian tears are produced by lacrimal glands to protect eyes and to function in chemical communication and immunity. However, excess tears flow through nasolacrimal ductsto nasal tissues, and via the nasopharyngeal duct to the oral cavity where digestion starts. Tears contain soluble proteins that attack pathogens, as well as proteins from the lipocalin family that – with their capacity to transport volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in their eight-stranded beta barrel – are involved in sexual signalling and may also transport toxic VOCs towards digestion. Therefore, we generated the tear proteome of the wild-living house mouse (Mus musculus musculus) and detected a total of 719 proteins in tears with 20% being sexually dimorphic. Those proteins that showed the most elevated sexual dimorphisms are VOC transporters from the recently discovered odorant binding protein (OBP), and major urinary protein (MUP) families, thus demonstrating that tears have the potential to elicit sex-specific signals in combination with different lipocalins. Moreover, some tear lipocalins are non-dimorphic – with MUP20/Darcin, LCN11, and LCN13 being good examples – thus suggesting that they are involved in other biological processes besides sexual signalling.

scholarly journals Dual roles of tear lipocalins as ‘chemical signalling’ and ‘toxic waste disposal’ systems of the house mouse

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Stopka ◽  
Petr Klempt ◽  
Barbora Kuntova ◽  
Romana Stopkova
Keyword(s):  
House Mouse ◽  
Toxic Waste ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Dual Roles ◽  
Sexual Dimorphisms ◽  
Mus Musculus Musculus ◽  
Chemical Signalling ◽  
Sexual Signalling ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Odorant Binding

Mammalian tears are produced by lacrimal glands to protect eyes and to function in chemical communication and immunity. However, excess tears flow through nasolacrimal ductsto nasal tissues, and via the nasopharyngeal duct to the oral cavity where digestion starts. Tears contain soluble proteins that attack pathogens, as well as proteins from the lipocalin family that – with their capacity to transport volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in their eight-stranded beta barrel – are involved in sexual signalling and may also transport toxic VOCs towards digestion. Therefore, we generated the tear proteome of the wild-living house mouse (Mus musculus musculus) and detected a total of 719 proteins in tears with 20% being sexually dimorphic. Those proteins that showed the most elevated sexual dimorphisms are VOC transporters from the recently discovered odorant binding protein (OBP), and major urinary protein (MUP) families, thus demonstrating that tears have the potential to elicit sex-specific signals in combination with different lipocalins. Moreover, some tear lipocalins are non-dimorphic – with MUP20/Darcin, LCN11, and LCN13 being good examples – thus suggesting that they are involved in other biological processes besides sexual signalling.

scholarly journals On the tear proteome of the house mouse (Mus musculus musculus) in relation to chemical signalling

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romana Stopkova ◽  
Petr Klempt ◽  
Barbora Kuntova ◽  
Pavel Stopka
Keyword(s):  
House Mouse ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Sexual Dimorphisms ◽  
Major Urinary Proteins ◽  
Mus Musculus Musculus ◽  
Chemical Signalling ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Secreted Peptides ◽  
Odorant Binding

Mammalian tears are produced by lacrimal glands to protect eyes and may function in chemical communication and immunity. Recent studies on the house mouse chemical signalling revealed that major urinary proteins (MUPs) are not individually unique inMus musculus musculus. This fact stimulated us to look for other sexually dimorphic proteins that may—in combination with MUPs—contribute to a pool of chemical signals in tears. MUPs and other lipocalins including odorant binding proteins (OBPs) have the capacity to selectively transport volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in their eight-stranded beta barrel, thus we have generated the tear proteome of the house mouse to detect a wider pool of proteins that may be involved in chemical signalling. We have detected significant male-biased (7.8%) and female-biased (7%) proteins in tears. Those proteins that showed the most elevated sexual dimorphisms were highly expressed and belong to MUP, OBP, ESP (i.e., exocrine gland-secreted peptides), and SCGB/ABP (i.e., secretoglobin) families. Thus, tears may have the potential to elicit sex-specific signals in combination by different proteins. Some tear lipocalins are not sexually dimorphic—with MUP20/darcin and OBP6 being good examples—and because all proteins may flow with tears through nasolacrimal ducts to nasal and oral cavities we suggest that their roles are wider than originally thought. Also, we have also detected several sexually dimorphic bactericidal proteins, thus further supporting an idea that males and females may have adopted alternative strategies in controlling microbiota thus yielding different VOC profiles.

scholarly journals On the saliva proteome of the Eastern European house mouse (Mus musculus musculus) focusing on sexual signalling and immunity

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Stopka ◽  
Barbora Kuntová ◽  
Petr Klempt ◽  
Leona Havrdová ◽  
Martina Černá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
House Mouse ◽  
Mus Musculus ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Mus Musculus Musculus ◽  
Sexual Signalling

scholarly journals OBP14 (Odorant-Binding Protein) Sensing in Adelphocoris lineolatus Based on Peptide Nucleic Acid and Graphene Oxide

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 422
Author(s):  
Wenhua Tian ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Shaohua Gu ◽  
Yuyuan Guo ◽  
Xiwu Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peptide Nucleic Acid ◽  
Antennal Lobe ◽  
Behavioral Regulation ◽  
Dual Roles ◽  
Protein Sensing ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
Adelphocoris Lineolatus ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Odorant Binding

OBPs play a crucial role in the recognition of ligands and are involved in the initial steps of semiochemical perception. The diverse expression of OBP genes allows them to participate in different physiological functions in insects. In contrast to classic OBPs with typical olfactory roles in A. lineolatus, the physiological functions of Plus-C OBPs remain largely unknown. In addition, detection of the expression of insect OBP genes by conventional methods is difficult in vitro. Here, we focused on AlinOBP14, a Plus-C OBP from A. lineolatus, and we developed a PNA-GO-based mRNA biosensor to detect the expression of AlinOBP14. The results demonstrated that AlinOBP14 plays dual roles in A. lineolatus. The AlinOBP14 is expressed beneath the epidermis of the vertex and gena in heads of A. lineolatus, and it functions as a carrier for three terpenoids, while AlinOBP14 is also expressed in the peripheral antennal lobe and functions as a carrier for endogenous compounds such as precursors for juvenile hormone (JH) and JHⅢ. Our investigation provides a new method to detect the expression of OBP genes in insects, and the technique will facilitate the use of these genes as potential targets for novel insect behavioral regulation strategies against the pest.

scholarly journals Human Sex Matters: Y-linked lysine demethylase 5D drives accelerated male osteogenic differentiation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madlen Merten ◽  
Johannes F.W. Greiner ◽  
Tarek Niemann ◽  
Meike Grosse Venhaus ◽  
Daniel Kronenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Calvarial Bone ◽  
Sexual Dimorphisms ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Elevated Expression ◽  
Lysine Demethylase

Female sex is increasingly associated to a loss of bone mass during aging and an increased risk for fractures developing nonunion. Hormonal factors and cell-intrinsic mechanisms are suggested to drive these sexual dimorphisms, although underlying molecular mechanisms are still a matter of debate. Here, we observed a decreased capacity of calvarial bone recovery in female rats and a profound sexually dimorphic osteogenic differentiation human adult neural crest-derived stem cells (NCSCs). Next to an elevated expression of pro-osteogenic regulators, global trancriptomics revealed Lysine Demethylase 5D (KDM5D) to be highly upregulated in differentiating male NCSCs. Loss of function by siRNA or pharmacological inhibition of KDM5D significantly reduced the osteogenic differentiation capacity of male NCSCs. In summary, we demonstrate craniofacial osteogenic differentiation to be sexually dimorphic with the expression of KDM5D as a prerequisite for accelerated male osteogenic differentiation, emphasizing the analysis of sex-specific differences as a crucial parameter for treating bone defects.

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