5. Waste lands Sovereignty and the Anticolonial History of World Population

2014 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Population ◽  
History Of

Immunotheraphy in Allergic Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1174-1194
Author(s):  
Albert Roger ◽  
Maria Basagana ◽  
Aina Teniente-Serra ◽  
Nathalie Depreux ◽  
Yanina Jurgens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Specific Ige ◽  
World Population ◽  
Allergen Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Routes Of Administration ◽  
Disease Modifying Therapy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ige Mediated ◽  
Special Case

The prevalence of allergic diseases is increasing worldwide. It is estimated that more than 30% of the world population is now affected by one or more allergic conditions and a high proportion of this increase is in young people. The diagnosis of allergy is dependent on a history of symptoms on exposure to an allergen together with the detection of allergen-specific IgE. Accurate diagnosis of allergies opens up therapeutic options. Allergen specific immunotherapy is the only successful disease-modifying therapy for IgE-mediated allergic diseases. New therapeutic strategies have been developed or are currently under clinical trials. Besides new routes of administration, new types of allergens are being developed. The use of adjuvants may amplify the immune response towards tolerance to the antigens. In this review, we analyze different antigen-specific immunotherapies according to administration route, type of antigens and adjuvants, and we address the special case of food allergy.

Bladder Condyloma Acuminatum, A Case Report

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Villalba Bachur Roberto ◽  
◽  
Spagnuolo Juan Ignacio ◽  
Cora Florencia ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Carcinoma ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Cancer Case ◽  
World Population ◽  
Single Episode ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Bladder Cancer Case ◽  
History Of ◽  
Laser Enucleation

Background: Human Papilloma virus (HPV) infection is a high incidence entity in the world population. It is highly related to cervical carcinoma, as well as anogenital carcinoma, among others. The presences of bladder HPV lesions are infrequent and there is an association between it and the development of bladder cancer. Case presentation: We present a case of bladder HPV in a woman with a cervical carcinoma history that was presented clinically as a single episode of gross hematuria. We performed a cystoscopy and Holmium laser enucleation of the bladder tumors. Conclusion: We highlight the importance of consider HPV as a differential diagnosis of a bladder tumor, mainly in patients with history of pathologies related with the virus.

scholarly journals 2214Prevalence and severity of coronary disease in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia hospitalized for an acute myocardial infarction: data from the RICO survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Farnier ◽  
B Mouhat ◽  
T Pommier ◽  
H Yao ◽  
M Maza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Familial Hypercholesterolemia ◽  
Statin Treatment ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Syntax Score ◽  
World Population ◽  
Lipid Lowering Therapy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Acute Mi

Abstract Aim Individuals with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) are at high risk of early myocardial infarction (MI). However, coronary artery disease (CAD) burden of FH remains not well described. From a large database of a regional registry of acute MI, we aimed to address prevalence of FH and severity of CAD. Methods Consecutive patients hospitalized with MI in a multicentre database from 2001–2017 were considered. An algorithm, adapted from Dutch Lipid Clinic Network criteria, was built upon 4 variables (LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) and lipid lowering agents, premature and family history of CAD) to identify FH probabilities. Results Among the 11624 patients included in the survey, 249 (2.1%) had probable/definite FH (score ≥6), and 2405 (20.7%) had possible FH (score 3–5). When compared with patients without FH (score 0–2), FH patients (score ≥6) were 20y younger (51 (46–57) vs 71 (61–80) y, p<0.001), with a lower rate of hypertension (47 vs 59%, p<0.001), diabetes (17 vs 25%, p<0.001) and prior stroke (4 vs 8%, p=0.016), but a higher prevalence of smokers (56 vs 23%, p<0.001), personal (20 vs 15%, p=0.02) or familial history of CAD (78 vs 18%, p<0.001). Chronic statin treatment was only used in 48% of FH patients and ezetimibe in 8%. After adjustment for age, sex and diabetes, FH patients were characterized by increased extent of CAD (syntax score 11 (4–19) vs 7 (1–13), p<0.001) and multivessel disease (55 vs 40%, p<0.001). Conclusion In this large real world population of acute MI, a high prevalence of FH was found. FH patients were characterized by their young age associated with the severity of CAD burden and limited use of preventive lipid lowering therapy. Acknowledgement/Funding University Hospital Center Dijon Bourgogne, Agence Régionale de Santé Bourgogne Franche Comté, France

A Concise History of World Population.

1994 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
W. D. Borrie ◽  
Massimo Livi-Bacci
Keyword(s):  
World Population ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Nicotine stomatitis in smokers: a case report

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Doni MS. Prabowo ◽  
Haris B. Widodo
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Hard Palate ◽  
World Population ◽  
Minor Salivary Glands ◽  
White Spots ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

Objective: The aim of this study is to describe and analyse nicotine stomatitis in smokers. Of the world population that consumes tobacco, Asia and Australia make up 57% of tobacco consumers. Tobacco can be consumed by various ways such as smoked tobacco, commonly known as cigarettes, or smokeless tobacco. Cigarettes are known to cause nicotine stomatitis in the oral cavity.Methods: A 28-year-old man patient came with complaints of white spots on his hard palate. The patient has a medical history of asthma as a child and has been taking salbutamol. The patient has been smoking 3 packs of cigarettes a day since being 16 years old.Results: Nicotine stomatitis that occurs on the hard palate appears as circular reddish shapes on the orifice of minor salivary glands. These lesions are formed from physically irritation caused by smoking. The lesions were benign and reversible.Conclusion: Thought appropriate examination and treatment, these lesions were healed.

scholarly journals Historical perspective and initial conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-28
Author(s):  
Deepak Nayyar
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
World Population ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Colonial Era ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Future Outcomes

This chapter provides a historical perspective on Asia in the world economy with a focus on the colonial era, and sketches a profile of the prevalent initial conditions when Asian countries became independent. Two centuries ago, Asia accounted for two-thirds of world population and almost three-fifths of world income. Its decline and fall during the colonial era, associated with deindustrialization, was attributable to its integration with the world economy, through trade and investment, driven by imperialism. Fifty years ago, then, Asia was the poorest continent in the world. Its even worse demographic and social indicators of development epitomized its underdevelopment. Such initial conditions were the starting point in its journey to development. But most Asian countries did have a long history of well-structured states, and cultures, which were not entirely destroyed by colonialism. Their different pasts, embedded in histories albeit shaped by colonial legacies, also influenced future outcomes in development.

scholarly journals Outcome of Repeated Vaccination to Hepatitis B Virus in Patients Failing to Respond to Vaccination Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT): If at First You Don't Succeed, Try Try Again

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 2012-2012
Author(s):  
Reem A Shalabi ◽  
Michelle A Borg ◽  
Thomas E Hughes ◽  
Tracey Walsh-Chocolaad ◽  
Rodica Ciurea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Acute Gvhd ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
World Population ◽  
Cd4 Counts ◽  
Protective Antibody ◽  
Hbv Vaccination ◽  
B Virus ◽  
History Of

Background: Recipient immunity is compromised after HSCT, obligating patients (pts) to take prophylactic antimicrobial and antiviral agents and to be reimmunized to viral and bacterial pathogens. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem, with about 30% of the world population having serological evidence of current or past HBV infection. HBV vaccination post-HSCT is imperative in these pts, as most lose protective HBV surface antibodies (anti-HBs) following conditioning, placing them at high risk for HBV reactivation. Guidelines recommend delaying vaccination (including HBV) for 6-12 months following transplantation to allow for cellular and humoral immune recovery. Even with delaying vaccination, immunosuppression, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and delayed immune reconstitution hinder the effectiveness of vaccines. The efficacy of HBV vaccination is not well defined in pts on immunosuppressive therapy (IST) and/or in those with GVHD. Further, little data exists on the efficacy of HBV revaccination in pts failing to respond to the 1st vaccination series. We studied factors impacting the success of vaccination in pts undergoing one to four HBV vaccination series after HSCT. Methods: This single-center, retrospective study evaluated the effectiveness of HBV vaccine in HSCT pts by assessing protective antibody generation after vaccination. Fifty-two pts (25 female, 27 male) who received at least one 3-dose HBV vaccination series post-HSCT and who had evaluable post-vaccine anti-HBs titers were included in the analysis. Pts with negative or indeterminate anti-HBs titers following the first vaccine series were eligible to receive one or more additional series of HBV vaccinations. All pts were treated with cyclophosphamide and fludarabine based conditioning (± anti-thymocyte globulin) and received GVHD prophylaxis with either cyclosporine/tacrolimus with or without mycophenolate mofetil. The vaccine response rate over a series of vaccinations was estimated by Kaplan-Meier methods. The development of response after the first vaccination was correlated with patient baseline and post-HSCT factors including pretransplant HBV titers, vaccination time post-transplant, use of rituximab and IST and absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), CD4, and CD8 cell counts and history of acute or chronic GVHD. Results: The studied cohort included 52 HSCT pts with a median age of 22 years (range 7-62) and a variety of diagnoses (38 aplastic anemia, 6 myelodysplastic syndrome and 8 hematological malignancies). Thirty-five pts underwent HSCT from an HLA-matched donor and 17 pts received a combined haploidentical and umbilical cord blood transplant. The median time to first HBV vaccination was 12 months (8-37) post-HSCT. Following the 1st vaccination series; 19, 4 and 2 pts received a 2nd, 3rd and 4th vaccination series. The estimated cumulative anti-HBs response rates were 51.9%, 82.3%, 91.1% and 100% for the four vaccination series, respectively (Figure). A logistic regression analysis revealed: a) Pts who achieved a response after the initial vaccination series had higher CD4 counts compared to those who failed to mount a response (median CD4 count 450 vs. 300/μL, P= 0.024, Figure); b) Pts without a history of acute GVHD (n=23) were significantly more likely to respond to the 1st vaccination series compared to those with acute GVHD (n=29) (response: 69.6% vs 37.9%, P= 0.029). Other factors included in this analysis were not found to be correlated with the anti-HBs response after the initial vaccination series. Conclusions: Multiple rounds of HBV vaccination may be required before a protective antibody response is achieved. After the first vaccination series, only 51.9% of pts achieved a response, with lower pre-vaccination CD4 counts and a prior history of acute GVHD being negatively associated with vaccine success. Remarkably, with continued vaccination attempts (up to four vaccination series), all evaluable pts ultimately developed a protective anti-HBs response. Figure Disclosures Shalabi: GlaxoSmithKline: Other: Spouse is employed by GSK Pharma.

scholarly journals A Concise History of World Population

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
Roderic Beaujot
Keyword(s):  
World Population ◽  
History Of
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