scholarly journals Low birth weight, family income and paternal absence as risk factors in neuropsychomotor development

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luize Bueno Araujo ◽  
Tainá Ribas Mélo ◽  
Vera Lúcia Israel
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Family Income ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Disability And Health ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Full Development ◽  
Paternal Absence

Introduction: The first years of life are crucial to neuropsychomotor development (NPMD), during this period children are susceptible to organic, environmental or activity-related influences that may represent protective or risk factors towards full development, with potential lifelong repercussions.Objective: This study aimed to investigate and verify the risk factors in the neuropsychomotor development (NPMD) of children aged from zero to three years, attending public early childhood education centers.Methods: Cross-sectional study, contextual approach – based on ICF (International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health) –, Denver II developmental screening test and additional assessments about nutritional status. For the analysis, a logistic regression was performed. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) concerning body functions and structure (evaluation questionnaire), activity and participation (evaluation of NPMD in school), personal factors (family characteristics), and environmental factors (characteristics of the ECECs) were considered for the evaluation phase. The instruments consisted of a questionnaire containing items to elicit information about the child, including current, neonatal and family traits.  For the evaluation DPMD, the Denver II test was used.  Inter- and intra-rater reliability was established using Cohen's kappa, and data subsequently submitted to stepwise (backward) regression analysis using a Logit model, using binary responses. The construction of an ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) to define the explanatory profile of the model built also was included, in addition to the calculation of the Odds Ratio (OR), the odds of chance occurrence the association of a given variable with DPMD.Results: NPMD was within the normal parameters, in 68.8% (n = 53) and risk of delays was in 31.2% (n = 24). The area with the best performance was the fine motor-adaptive (3.75%) and the most questionable one was the language (57.5%). It was verified that 48% (n=37) of the children had normal weight while 52% (n = 40) presented some nutritional risk. Low birth weight (OR = 181), monthly family income (OR = 9) and paternal absence (OR = 34) were statistically significant factors on the risk of NPMD delays.Conclusion: low birth weight, family income and paternal absence are factors associated with risks of NPMD delays. These findings reinforce the systemic and multifactorial nature of NPMD and emphasize the need for monitoring and formulating public policies -- especially the ones dedicated to children with low income conditions --, which could contribute to the full development of children, since public early childhood education centers should be transforming agents in the quality of child development. 

scholarly journals Literature Review Bayi Berat Lahir Rendah

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Sujianti Sujianti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Maternal Health ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Family Income ◽  
First Semester ◽  
Pregnancy Status ◽  
History Of

Indonesia is one of the developing countries with the highest maternal mortality and infant. The infant mortality cases in 2015 asmany as 33,278 cases decreased compared to the year 2015 of 32,007 and in 2017 in the first semester as many as 10,294 cases.One of the causes is the incidence of Low Birth Weight (LBW) of 38.85%. LBW is the birth weight less than 2,500 grams. The reviewof LBW is done by literature review from DOAJ, Pubmed, Scholar and Garuda portal. The literature search using several keywords is"Low Birth Weight ", "risk factors" with four literature publications from 2007-2017. LBW incidence is influenced from maternaldemography status, maternal health status, condition of pregnancy and baby. The four journals DOAJ, Pubmed, Scholar andGaruda portal described risk factors of LBW occurrence include sociodemography (maternal age <18 years and> 34 years,education level, occupation type, family income, kin), maternal health status obstetric history, parity, birth spacing, anemia, history ofdiabetes, malaria, baby malpresentation history, Premature Rupture Of The Membrane, maternal nutritional status, infections,diseases and complications of pregnancy), status of ANC (frequency and quality of care, health worker, site of pregnancyexamination, history of unchecked pregnancy, irregular ANC).

Risk factors for low birth weight in a rural community in southern Brazil

1996 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 369-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Halpern ◽  
Earl S. Schaefer ◽  
Airton S. Pereira ◽  
Ernesto M. Arnt ◽  
Jandira Pureza Valente Bezerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Southern Brazil

scholarly journals Intraventricular haemorrhage in a Ugandan cohort of low birth weight neonates: the IVHU study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. MacLeod ◽  
J. N. Paulson ◽  
N. Okalany ◽  
F. Okello ◽  
L. Acom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Intraventricular Haemorrhage ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cranial Ultrasound ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Antenatal Steroids ◽  
Eastern Uganda

Abstract Background Globally, 15 million neonates are born prematurely every year, over half in low income countries (LICs). Premature and low birth weight neonates have a higher risk of intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH). There are minimal data regarding IVH in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to examine the incidence, severity and timing of and modifiable risk factors for IVH amongst low-birth-weight neonates in Uganda. Methods This is a prospective cohort study of neonates with birthweights of ≤2000 g admitted to a neonatal unit (NU) in a regional referral hospital in eastern Uganda. Maternal data were collected from interviews and medical records. Neonates had cranial ultrasound (cUS) scans on the day of recruitment and days 3, 7 and 28 after birth. Risk factors were tabulated and are presented alongside odds ratios (ORs) and adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for IVH incidence. Outcomes included incidence, timing and severity of IVH and 28-day survival. Results Overall, 120 neonates were recruited. IVH was reported in 34.2% of neonates; 19.2% had low grade (Papile grades 1–2) and 15% had high grade (Papile grades 3–4). Almost all IVH (90.2%) occurred by day 7, including 88.9% of high grade IVH. Of those with known outcomes, 70.4% (81/115) were alive on day 28 and survival was not associated with IVH. We found that vaginal delivery, gestational age (GA) < 32 weeks and resuscitation in the NU increased the odds of IVH. Of the 6 neonates who received 2 doses of antenatal steroids, none had IVH. Conclusion In this resource limited NU in eastern Uganda, more than a third of neonates born weighing ≤2000 g had an IVH and the majority of these occurred by day 7. We found that vaginal birth, earlier gestation and need for resuscitation after admission to the NU increased the risk of IVH. This study had a high rate of SGA neonates and the risk factors and relationship of these factors with IVH in this setting needs further investigation. The role of antenatal steroids in the prevention of IVH in LICs also needs urgent exploration.

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