Consequences of Accession to the European Union: Case Studies

2006 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
The European Union

scholarly journals A neutral core of degressively proportional allocations under lexicographic preferences of agents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Cegiełka ◽  
Piotr Dniestrzański ◽  
Janusz Łyko ◽  
Arkadiusz Maciuk ◽  
Maciej Szczeciński
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Lexicographic Preferences ◽  
Degree Of Acceptance ◽  
Feasible Solutions

AbstractOne of the main problems of practical applications of degressively proportional allocations of goods and burdens is lack of uniqueness of this principle. Even under given boundary conditions of allocation, i.e. determined minimal and maximal amounts of a good that can be assigned in a given allocation, there are usually many feasible solutions. The lack of formal rules of allocation is the reason why the allocation is typically a result of negotiations among its agents. A number of allocations favor some of agents or their groups, therefore other agents cannot accept them. The aim of this paper is to indicate a way of reducing the set of all feasible solutions exclusively to those that are neutral to all agents. As a result of the term of lexicographic preference of allocation agents defined on the basis of the relation theory followed by a numerical analysis of sets of all feasible solutions, it is possible to determine a core of this set in the form of a subset of all feasible solutions that are acceptable by all agents. In addition, this subset can be further divided into smaller subsets with regard to the degree of acceptance of their elements. Theoretical analysis is complemented by case studies, one of which is application of this idea to the allocation of seats in the European Parliament among the member states of the European Union.

E pluribus unum? Language diversity and the harmonization of company law in the European Union

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 669-690
Author(s):  
Federico M Mucciarelli
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Company Law ◽  
Language Diversity ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Freedom Of Establishment ◽  
First Case ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

This work addresses the impact of language diversity and nation-specific doctrinal structures on harmonized company law in the EU. With this aim, two emblematic case studies will be analysed. The first case study is related to the definition of ‘merger’ adopted in the Company Law Directive 2017/1132 (originally in the Third Company Law Directive and the Cross-Border Merger Directive); by relying on the example of the SEVIC case decided by the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU), it will be shown that scholars’ and courts’ conception of the definition of ‘merger’ varies according to own domestic doctrinal structures. The second case study is related to the notion of ‘registered office’, which is key for establishing the scope of several harmonizing provisions and the freedom of establishment; this paper analyses terminological fluctuations across language versions of EU legislation and the impact of domestic taxonomies and legal debates upon the interpretation of these notions. These case studies show that company law concepts, despite their highly technical nature, are influenced by discourse constructions conducted within national interpretative communities, and by the language used to draft statutory instruments and discuss legal issues. The task of the CJEU is to counterbalance these local tendencies, and yet it is unlikely that doctrinal structures, rooted in national languages and legal cultures, will disappear.

Adversarial Legalism and Biodiversity Protection in the United States and the European Union

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaffa Epstein
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Species Protection ◽  
American Experience ◽  
European Counterpart ◽  
The Eu

AbstractThis article compares the use of litigation to enforce species protection law in the European Union (EU) with that of the United States (US). Recent legal disputes over wolf hunting on both continents offer useful case studies. Focusing on three aspects of litigation – namely, (i) against whom claims are brought, (ii) who can bring claims, and (iii) the types of claim that can be brought – the analysis contrasts US-style adversarial legalism with its European counterpart, or ‘Eurolegalism’, and assesses what each approach is able to deliver in terms of the legal protection of wolves. It is argued that Eurolegalism helps to explain the development of species protection law in the EU and its similarities to and differences from the American experience.

Comparative Political Communication Research

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claes H. de Vreese
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Communication Research ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Political Journalists ◽  
Cross National

This chapter provides an overview of comparative political communication research (CPCR). CPCR is a growing field since there is wide acknowledgement that many questions are not answered satisfactorily with single case studies. The chapter explains why political communication researchers should care about cross-national comparisons and outlines types of CPCR—descriptive, explanatory, and comparison of relation—explaining variation in relations across units. Then the areas of CPCR are reviewed: media and political systems, political and elections news, political communication in the European Union, and political journalists. Finally, the chapter identifies unanswered questions for CPCR to address.

Financial participation for employees in the European Union — a pragmatic view

2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willy Buschak
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Income Differentials ◽  
Direct Participation ◽  
Income Insecurity ◽  
Financial Participation

This articles begins by tracing the changes in trade union attitudes to financial participation, which have generally become more favourable. A number of national case studies are considered. Having reviewed the possible advantages, the author cautions against a number of risks in extending such schemes. In particular care must be taken to avoid them acting as substitutes for direct participation by workers and their representatives in managing the companies in which they work, worker representatives must be consulted and schemes must be inclusive and not serve to exacerbate income differentials or income insecurity.

Integration of the saprobic system into the European Union Water Framework Directive – Case studies in Austria, Germany and Czech Republic

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 516 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 285-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Rolauffs ◽  
Ilse Stubauer ◽  
Svetlana Zahrádková ◽  
Karel Brabec ◽  
Otto Moog
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Water Framework Directive ◽  
The European Union

scholarly journals Non-Traditional Trademarks

2018 ◽  
pp. 37-58
Author(s):  
Mitchell Adams ◽  
Amanda Scardamaglia
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Regulatory Regimes

This chapter provides a twenty-year retrospective on non-traditional trademarks, using the European Union, the United Kingdom, Singapore, Japan, and Australia as case studies. It presents findings from an empirical study on the application and registration of non-traditional marks in these jurisdictions from 1996 to present day. It assesses whether the appetite for non-traditional marks differs across jurisdictions and what impact, if any, differing regulatory regimes have on filing and registration activity. The study also canvasses the micro-trends emerging from these data in order to test prevailing assumptions about non-traditional marks. The policy implications of these findings will also be touched upon and contextualized against growing concerns about trademark depletion, which have to date focused on the diminishing number of available words and colors as trademarks, but may well extend to non-traditional marks more generally.

scholarly journals Beyond Bologna: The Sustainable University Enterprises Partnership

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Figus
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
European Union ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Critical Dimension ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Policy ◽  
European Universities

There is a necessity to understand the effects of the globalization on the labor market concerning job markets. The economic and cultural growth and the ability of renewal are the fundamental objectives of every country, and they should also be the main objective of developing and in-transition countries. This is, particularly important in European Eastern countries. The article analyses university-enterprise partnership projects of the European Union. A series of recommendations has been elaborated for Higher Education Institutions, in particular, European Universities intending to progress further with the critical dimension of University-Enterprise cooperation as one of the key elements to enhance their competitiveness, and contribute to EU policy and activities in this area. These recommendations will be based on the findings of the online survey, the case studies and the discussions between all stakeholders of the European Conference held in Bonn on 18-19 June 2007. The qualitative effectiveness of the “higher education product” depends conclusively on the human components – teacher, in the first place, their behavior, competence, and attitudes.

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