scholarly journals Principal Component Analysis of Nigerian Economy from 2006 – 2017

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Samuel Olorunfemi Adams ◽  
Muhammad Ardo Bamanga ◽  
Amina Mbusube
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Economic Factor ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas

The economy of a developing country like Nigeria depends mainly on crude oil exploration, currently other economic factors such as Agriculture, Industrialization, Manufacturing, other available mineral resources e.t.c., are not properly harnessed to improve the country’s GDP. A detailed study of the effect of ten economic factors of Nigeria’s economy was investigated and Principal Component Analysis was employed to explain the relationship, distribution and effect of the factors among the various sectors of Nigeria. It was discovered that a strong positive significant association existed between building and manufacturing, construction, wholesale and retail, transportation, communication, utilities, real estate and community social services, while a negative relationship existed between cruel oil and Agriculture. The component with the highest effect on the Nigerian economy was Agriculture, followed by crude oil and manufacturing/industrialization. The PCA has suggested retaining two components i.e. Agriculture and cruel oil. It was recommended that Nigeria Government should consider Agriculture first as the major economic factor before cruel oil and natural Gas.

scholarly journals Assessment of subjective aspects of the quality of life in the various regions of the Czech Republic

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 267-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Poláčková ◽  
Andrea Jindrová
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Czech Republic

The paper is focused on the methodological approaches to assess subjective aspects of the quality of life in the various regions. Besides, directly measurable indicators, which may not always correspond with the quality of life of the individuals in the regions, the subjective aspects of well-being are also in the spotlight. The pilot analysis examined the answers to questions such as: Are you satisfied with the health and social services, the cost of living, safety of public spaces, affordability of housing, or your personal job situation? These answers were used for an assessment of the quality of life in the different regions of the Czech Republic. We used multivariate modeling to explicitly account for the hierarchical structure of respondents within the Czech Republic, and for understanding patterns of variation between regions. The principal component analysis (PCA) was used for the general analysis of regional differences. The overall goal of principal component analysis is to reduce the dimensionality of a data set, while simultaneously retaining the information present in the data. The differences were illustrated by cartographic visualization and by scatter plots of the first three principal components. The cluster analysis was used to discover similarities and differences of the quality of life within various regions of the Czech Republic.

Fundamentals and Commodity Prices

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Haigh
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Commodity Markets ◽  
Economic Crises ◽  
Oil Market

Commodity markets occasionally co-move with the broader macro markets for reasons beyond their own fundamentally driven physical characteristics. This chapter focuses on two related avenues to look beyond the fundamentals of counting barrels, tonnes, bushels, or molecules. The first section uses a principal component analysis to disentangle how fundamentals versus non-fundamentals drive commodity prices and focuses on the crude oil market. The results are intuitive and allow isolating the extent to which supply and demand matter to price changes experienced in the market. Furthermore, the results enable understanding whether the diversification benefits of commodity markets exist in almost real time. Second, given the ability to segment fundamentally driven commodities from others, the chapter focuses on how much supply or demand factors attribute to the fundamental variation in prices. The analysis reveals that, in the oil market, supply concerns drive prices during geopolitical tensions, while demand concerns dominate during economic crises.

Impact of Globalization on Income Distribution Inequality in 60 Countries

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1850216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhou ◽  
Basudeb Biswas ◽  
Tyler Bowles ◽  
Peter J. Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Gini Coefficient ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Test Results ◽  
The Gini Coefficient ◽  
The Impact

This paper investigates the impact of globalization on income inequality distribution in 60 developed, transitional, and developing countries. Using Kearney's (2002, 2003 and 2004) data and principal component analysis (PCA), two globalization indices are created. One of these indices is the equally weighted index. The other index is derived from the principal component analysis. The Gini coefficient of a country is regressed on each index, respectively, in all 60 test cases. The main contribution of this paper is its finding of a negative relationship between both globalization indices and the Gini coefficient for all 60 countries under investigation. Furthermore, test results indicate that this relationship is robust. Therefore, the empirical evidence presented in this paper supports the claim that globalization helps reduce income distribution inequality within countries.

A German version of the Intermittent Claudication Questionnaire (ICQ): cultural adaptation and validation

VASA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 333-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirchberger ◽  
Finger ◽  
Müller-Bühl
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Intermittent Claudication ◽  
Completion Time ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
German Version ◽  
Average Completion Time ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Related Quality

Background: The Intermittent Claudication Questionnaire (ICQ) is a short questionnaire for the assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with intermittent claudication (IC). The objective of this study was to translate the ICQ into German and to investigate the psychometric properties of the German ICQ version in patients with IC. Patients and methods: The original English version was translated using a forward-backward method. The resulting German version was reviewed by the author of the original version and an experienced clinician. Finally, it was tested for clarity with 5 German patients with IC. A sample of 81 patients were administered the German ICQ. The sample consisted of 58.0 % male patients with a median age of 71 years and a median IC duration of 36 months. Test of feasibility included completeness of questionnaires, completion time, and ratings of clarity, length and relevance. Reliability was assessed through a retest in 13 patients at 14 days, and analysis of Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency. Construct validity was investigated using principal component analysis. Concurrent validity was assessed by correlating the ICQ scores with the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) as well as clinical measures. Results: The ICQ was completely filled in by 73 subjects (90.1 %) with an average completion time of 6.3 minutes. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient reached 0.75. Intra-class correlation for test-retest reliability was r = 0.88. Principal component analysis resulted in a 3 factor solution. The first factor explained 51.5 of the total variation and all items had loadings of at least 0.65 on it. The ICQ was significantly associated with the SF-36 and treadmill-walking distances whereas no association was found for resting ABPI. Conclusions: The German version of the ICQ demonstrated good feasibility, satisfactory reliability and good validity. Responsiveness should be investigated in further validation studies.

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