A Review of Animal Models in Dental Research

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Sivaramakrishnan Muthanandam ◽  
Jananni Muthu
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Dental Research

The Eruption Patterns of The Teeth of Nigerian Local Pigs. Part 1: Profile of Deciduous Teeth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Efeturi Okandeji ◽  
Ayodeji David Lijoka ◽  
Folusho Ayobami Atiba ◽  
James Olukayode Olopade
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Translational Research ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Translation Research ◽  
Dental Research ◽  
Dental Eruption ◽  
The Family ◽  
Local Pigs ◽  
Research Studies

Abstract Background: The pigs, domesticated about 6000 years ago, are highly prolific omnivores belonging to the Family Suidae and Order artiodactyla along with their other hooved counterparts. They qualify as models for various translational research studies (including dental studies) because of their anatomical and physiological similarities to humans. There is however a dearth of information as regards the deciduous dental eruption profile (sequence and timing of eruption) of the Nigerian local pigs (NLP). This study was designed to determine the deciduous eruption profile in the NLP to assist in the management of the breed and in a bid to making the NLP more obvious as suitable animal models in dental research. A total of 51 healthy piglets (from postnatal day 1) were used for this. Their oral cavities were examined every other day for 29 weeks for signs of dental eruption. Looking at Mandibular (Md) and Maxillar (Mx) eruptions for Incisors (I), Canines(C), Premolars (P) and Molars (M), the modular sequence in the NIP was Md/ Mx I3(at birth), C (at birth) →Md I1→Md P3→MxP3 →MxI1 → Md I2 →MdP4 →MxP4 →MxP2→ Md I2 →MxI2 . Result: It was observed that variations in eruption timing exist amongst individuals and sexes while variation in eruption sequence exists between NLP and various breeds of pigs based on the literature.Conclusion: The results of this study will be particularly important to farmers, and researchers into NLP especially those using pigs in Nigeria as a model for translation research.

scholarly journals Animal models in dental research – A review

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-47
Author(s):  
Sivaramakrishnan Muthanandam ◽  
◽  
Jananni Muthu ◽  
Vinod Mony ◽  
Parvathy RL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Dental Research

Animal Models in Dental Research

2019 ◽  
pp. 377-442
Author(s):  
Hanieh Nokhbatolfoghahaei ◽  
Zahrasadat Paknejad ◽  
Mahboubeh Bohlouli ◽  
Maryam Rezai Rad ◽  
Arash Khojasteh
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Dental Research

Animal models in dental research

1979 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-83
Author(s):  
P.F. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Dental Research

Reductionist thinking and animal models in neuropsychiatric research

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Baran
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Developmental Genetic ◽  
Term Study ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Mechanisms Of Plasticity

AbstractReductionist thinking in neuroscience is manifest in the widespread use of animal models of neuropsychiatric disorders. Broader investigations of diverse behaviors in non-model organisms and longer-term study of the mechanisms of plasticity will yield fundamental insights into the neurobiological, developmental, genetic, and environmental factors contributing to the “massively multifactorial system networks” which go awry in mental disorders.

Dental research policy: who decides?

1985 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 739-742
Author(s):  
H Loe
Keyword(s):  
Research Policy ◽  
Dental Research

Inflammational Animal Models for Schizophrenia

2015 ◽  
Vol 223 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Juckel
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Microglial Activation ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Synaptic Connections ◽  
Preventive Interventions ◽  
Immunological System

Abstract. Inflammational-immunological processes within the pathophysiology of schizophrenia seem to play an important role. Early signals of neurobiological changes in the embryonal phase of brain in later patients with schizophrenia might lead to activation of the immunological system, for example, of cytokines and microglial cells. Microglia then induces – via the neurotoxic activities of these cells as an overreaction – a rarification of synaptic connections in frontal and temporal brain regions, that is, reduction of the neuropil. Promising inflammational animal models for schizophrenia with high validity can be used today to mimic behavioral as well as neurobiological findings in patients, for example, the well-known neurochemical alterations of dopaminergic, glutamatergic, serotonergic, and other neurotransmitter systems. Also the microglial activation can be modeled well within one of this models, that is, the inflammational PolyI:C animal model of schizophrenia, showing a time peak in late adolescence/early adulthood. The exact mechanism, by which activated microglia cells then triggers further neurodegeneration, must now be investigated in broader detail. Thus, these animal models can be used to understand the pathophysiology of schizophrenia better especially concerning the interaction of immune activation, inflammation, and neurodegeneration. This could also lead to the development of anti-inflammational treatment options and of preventive interventions.

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