Retrospective Study on the Prevalence of Surgical Wound Infections in Specialist Hospital Sokoto – North West Nigeria

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as one of the most significant pathogen due to its ability to develop antimicrobial resistance to a broad range of commonly available antibiotics. It represents a serious iatrogenic complication of modern healthcare, where patients acquire infections in healthcare facilities with limited treatment options, resulting in increased morbidity, mortality and health costs. Methods: In this retrospective study, results of culture and antimicrobial susceptibility tests of samples collected from surgical wounds of patients from January to December 2017 were extracted from Laboratory information management system at Kamuzu Central Hospital (KCH) in Malawi.Results: This study ranks A. baumannii as the fourth common cause of surgical wound infections at KCH, with a prevalence of 12.3%. Other most prevalent isolates were: E. coli (25.9%), S. aureus (25.9%) and Proteus species (17.5%). All A. baumannii isolates were resistant to Amoxicillin/Clavulanate and Ceftriaxone; 96.4% were resistant to Ampicillin; 92.9% were resistant to Gentamycin, Ceftazidime and Sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim; 89.3% were resistant to Ciprofloxacin; and 85.7% were resistant to Cefuroxime and Piperacillin/Tazobactam; while 17.9% were resistant to Meropenem. A total of 82% of the A. baumannii isolates were Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR), while 14% were Extremely Drug Resistant (XDR).Conclusion: The emergence of MDR and XDR A. baumannii at KCH calls for rational use of available antibiotics and regular monitoring of antimicrobial resistance patterns to prevent dissemination of current strains and emergence of new resistant strains.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Preoperative skin antiseptics for preventing surgical wound infections after clean surgery.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.718006523.793477453 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Luigi Naldi

Keyword(s):

Wound Infections ◽

Surgical Wound

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Total arterial myocardial revascularization using bilateral internal mammary arteries and the role of postoperative sternal stabilization to reduce wound infections in a large cohort study

Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery ◽

10.1093/icvts/ivz088 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 224-229 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marc Albert ◽

Ragi Nagib ◽

Adrian Ursulescu ◽

Ulrich F W Franke

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Wound Infection ◽

Internal Mammary Artery ◽

Wound Closure ◽

Myocardial Revascularization ◽

Wound Complications ◽

Wound Infections ◽

Term Survival ◽

Mammary Arteries ◽

Internal Mammary

Abstract OBJECTIVES Total arterial myocardial revascularization using bilateral internal mammary arteries shows improved results for mortality, long-term survival and superior graft patency. It has become the standard technique according to recent guidelines. However, these patients may have an increased risk of developing sternal wound infections, especially obese patients or those with diabetes. One reason for the wound complications may be early sternum instability. This situation could be avoided by using a thorax support vest (e.g. Posthorax® vest). This retrospective study compared the wound complications after bilateral internal mammary artery grafting including the use of a Posthorax vest. METHODS Between April 2015 and May 2017, 1613 patients received total arterial myocardial revascularization using bilateral internal mammary artery via a median sternotomy. The Posthorax support vest was used from the second postoperative day. We compared those patients with 1667 patients operated on via the same access in the preceding 26 months. The end points were the incidence of wound infections, when the wound infection occurred and how many wound revisions were needed until wound closure. RESULTS The demographic data of both groups were similar. A significant advantage for the use of a thorax support vest could be seen regarding the incidence of wound infections (P = 0.036) and the length of hospital stay when a wound complication did occur (P = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS As seen in this retrospective study, the early perioperative use of a thorax stabilization vest, such as the Posthorax vest, can reduce the incidence of sternal wound complications significantly. Furthermore, when a wound infection occurred, and the patient returned to the hospital for wound revision, patients who were given the Posthorax vest postoperatively had a significantly shorter length of stay until wound closure.

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Cost-effective application of the centers for disease control guideline for prevention of surgical wound infections

American Journal of Infection Control ◽

10.1016/0196-6553(85)90064-1 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 232-235 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Barbara A. Terry

Keyword(s):

Disease Control ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Wound Infections ◽

Surgical Wound ◽

Effective Application ◽

Centers For Disease Control

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Group C Streptococcal Surgical Wound Infections Transmitted by an Anorectal and Nasal Carrier

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.61.2.235 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 61 (2) ◽

pp. 235-237

Author(s):

Donald A. Goldmann ◽

Sylvia J. Breton

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Infection ◽

Wound Infections ◽

Surgical Wound ◽

Postoperative Wound ◽

Nasal Carrier ◽

Surgical Infection ◽

Oral Penicillin ◽

Perianal Dermatitis ◽

Lancefield Group

Streptococcus equisimilis (Lancefield group C), an unusual cause of nosocomial surgical infection, was isolated from two orthopedic postoperative wound infections. Both operations had been performed by the same surgeon within a three-day period. Examination of the surgeon revealed perianal dermatitis from which S. equisimilis was isolated. The organism was also recovered from the surgeon's nose and rectum. The wound infections responded to treatment with penicillin derivatives. The surgeon was successfully treated with topical bacitracin and oral penicillin and vancomycin. This report documents the pathogenicity of the C Streptococcus in postoperative infection and suggests a possible nosocomial source of the organism.

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