Role of platelet parameters and hematological profile in dengue positive cases

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Dengue is an endemic in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world and also in various parts of India. Recent evidence indicates that platelet indices can be used to assess the severity and prognosis of dengue. This study aimed to assess the role of the platelet indices-mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), platelet to large cell ratio (P-LCR), plateletcrit (Pct) and hematological parameters like hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct) with the platelet count in dengue NS1 antigen positive cases.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> An observational cross-sectional study conducted on cases of dengue over a period of 3 months admitted with serological positivity (NS1 antigen) in a tertiary care hospital, Loni. The platelet indices like MPV, PDW, Pct, P-LCR and hematological parameters like Hb, Hct were noted using Sysmex XN-3100 Automated hematology analyzer and compared with platelet count.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Relationship between various platelet indices like MPV, PDW, P-LCR and PCT and hematological parameters like Hb, TLC and Hct were related with platelet count. Dengue positive cases were inversely related to MPV, PDW, P-LCR, Hb and Hct and directly related to Pct. In the present study Pct, P-LCR, Hb and Hct were statistically significant in correlation with platelet count.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Pct, P-LCR, Hb and Hct along with platelet count can be used to assess the predictive outcomes in case of dengue infection.</p><p>.</p>

Study on Platelet Indices in Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Objectives: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is one of the most common causes of dizziness. Even though the etiology of BPPV has been widely studied, the exact mechanism remains still unclear. One of the possible factors explaining the pathophysiology of BPPV is ischemia of vestibule. In the present study, we have focused on the platelet indices including mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and platelet crit (PCT) to assess a risk of vestibule ischemia causing BPPV.Methods: From January 2021 to March 2021, a retrospective review was performed on 39 patients diagnosed with BPPV through vestibular nystagmography. For each platelet indices, a comparative analysis was conducted between the patient group and control group.Results: There were no significant differences when the platelet, MPV, PDW, and PCT values were compared between the study and control group. Rather, the control group showed higher PDW value than the study group.Conclusions: Ischemia of vestibule is one of the well-known causes of BPPV, but the current study showed that BPPV cannot be explained by the vestibule ischemia itself. Further studies are needed to identify the potential of ischemia regarding BPPV by approaching with other methods with a large study group.

Prognostic and Diagnostic Significance of Platelet Indices in Patients with Urothelial Carcinoma

Some prognostic markers have been shown to determine the course and survival of Urothelial Cancer. A cross-sectional retrospective study, specifically looking at the role that various indices related to platelets—namely Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), platelet count and MPV/Platelet ratio—play in the diagnosis and prognosis of urinary bladder cancer, was conducted at the Department of Pathology, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan (India) between January 2016 and August 2021 and included 76 patients who underwent multicore TURBT biopsy. Complete Blood Count (CBC) was used to determine platelet count, MPV and MPV/Platelet ratio. Platelet count was found to be more elevated in patients with high grade urothelial carcinoma and muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma as compared to patients with low grade urothelial carcinoma and non-muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma (p < 0.05). The median MPV and MPV/PLT ratio was found to be significantly lower in patients with high grade urothelial carcinoma and muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma as compared to patients with low grade urothelial carcinoma and non-muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma (p < 0.05). Thus, platelet indices can be useful supportive prognostic and diagnostic indicators in the determination of the clinical outcome of urothelial carcinoma.

Effect Of Storage Time And Temperature On Platelet Indices Of EDTA Samples

Objectives: This study was conducted to find effect of storage time and temperature on platelet indices of samples taken in EDTA. Methods: In this study 100 samples without the specification of gender were included. CBC samples were taken in two EDTA vials from each patient. All the samples were separated in two groups. One sample group was stored at room temperature(RT) and other at 2-6°C. CBC was run on CBC analyzer Sysmex XN-1000 at 0 hours, 4 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours. Results: There was significantly increasing trend for MPV, PDW and P-LCRat RT and decreasing trend at 4°C when compared with 0 hours. PCT showed significant decreasing trend at 4°C with respect to 0 hours. Significant decrease in platelet count was observed after storage at room temperature as well as at 4°C. Conclusion: Although 4°C consider as optimal temperature to transport specimen for CBC but Platelet Indices values varies significantly in comparison to baseline when stored at 4oC and at room temperature. It seems prudent to conclude that if platelet pathology is the major drive for CBC test performance then specimen should be run without delay.

Platelet Indices as Indicator of Diabetic Nephropathy among Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Centre in South-India

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disease affects various organs of the body on a long-term basis. Studies have been conducted on different aspects of the disease, to understand its complications and to detect them earlier to avoid irreversible damage like nephropathy. Aim: The study aims at comparing platelet indices like Plateletcrit (PCT), Platelet Distribution Width (PDW) and Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), with serum creatinine among diabetes, prediabetes patients and non-diabetes controls, to understand the association of the platelet indices and creatinine, an indicator of renal damage. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study conducted over a period of three months involved 30 non-diabetic controls with normal HbA1c, 30 diabetics and 30 prediabetic subjects, of age group 18-35 years. The groups were classified based on their HbA1c concentration. The blood samples were analyzed for parameters PCT, PDW, MPV, creatinine and HbA1c by their respective methods. The study will guide in understanding the role of platelets in pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. Results: Platelet indices like Plateletcrit (PCT), Platelet Distribution Width (PDW) and Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) were found to be increased in diabetics and 30 prediabetic subjects than the non-diabetics. The Platelet indices were also correlating with the serum creatinine levels of the three study groups. Conclusion: There is a positive association between the Platelet indices and creatinine, in patients with pre-diabetes and diabetes who have the risk of progression to diabetic nephropathy. Hence, the Platelet indices shall be included as early and cost-effective biomarkers of diabetic nephropathy.

Study on the Baseline Factors and Platelet Indices That Predict Outcome of Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients after Thrombolytic Therapy

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The aim of the study was to investigate the baseline characters that influence 3-month clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) after thrombolytic therapy. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We consecutively enrolled 241 AIS patients who are treated with thrombolytic therapy with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator. Baseline characters were measured on admission including the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST), risk factors, platelet indices, and lipid parameters. The subjects were divided into good or poor functional outcomes based on modified Rankin Scale at 3 months. The multivariate logistic regression was performed to explore the association between baseline factors and outcomes. Pearson correlation was used to investigate whether linear associations existed between platelet indices in different outcomes. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the NIHSS, TOAST classification, diabetes, mean platelet volume (MPV) are important factors for predicting clinical outcomes after 3 months in AIS patients. We found a correlation between elevated MPV and worse outcome at 3 months, particularly in large-artery atherosclerosis stroke patients. MPV and platelet count are negative correlated (<i>r</i> = −0.375, <i>p</i> = 0.000). MPV and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) (<i>r</i> = 0.83, <i>p</i> = 0.000), MPV and platelet distribution width (PDW) (<i>r</i> = 0.820, <i>p</i> = 0.000) both have highly positive linear correlations in patients with good outcome. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Overall, lower NIHSS and MPV levels on admission were predictors of good functional outcomes in patients with AIS after undergoing thrombolytic therapy. The correlations between MPV, PDW, and PLR may be helpful to evaluate prognosis in stroke patients and deserve further exploration.