PRESCRIBING TREND AND DRUG COST ANALYSIS OF ORAL HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS USING DRUG UTILISATION REVIEW

Drug utilization of oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) in a private healthcare setting is useful to examine the prescribing pattern of OHAs, especially the newer fixed dose combination (FDC) products. This study was aimed to evaluate the prescribing pattern of OHAs indicated for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), to determine the costs of OHAs prescribed and total cost per prescription in the treatment of T2DM in an outpatient department of a private hospital located in central Malaysia. Retrospective review of electronic medical record (EMR) study design was adopted. Patient’s demographic characteristics, medications prescribed, prescribers’ details and cost per prescription were documented. Defined daily dose (DDD) of OHAs and drug cost were calculated. Research ethics protocol was approved and no personal data was collected. Out of the 396 EMR screened, 135 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and subsequently were analysed. In term of demography, mean age of the sample was 51 years old with 59% were male and ethnicity composition of 71% Malay and 19% Chinese. Metformin and “metformin+dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor” (DPP-4i) were the most commonly prescribed single-drug and FDC OHA, respectively. Average cost of OHAs and total cost per prescription was less than USD 68 and USD 185, respectively. Meanwhile, FDC covered 28.91% of incidences of prescriptions, but 44.6% of cost and SGTL-2i covered 9% incidences of prescriptions and 16.29% of cost. Prescribing pattern of OHA was appropriate based on patient’s T2DM diagnosis, however, dosage given were not in accordance with WHO DDD.

DRUG UTILISATION REVIEW IN POSTOPERATIVEPATIENTS IN OBSTETRICS-GYNAECOLOGY AND SURGICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY DEPARTMENTS-A RETROSPECTVE STUDY

Objective: The main objectives of our study include classification, analysis and assessment of all the post-operative drugs present of our study.Methods: The current project being a retrospective drug utilization review 50 prescriptions from the post-surgical wards of obstetrics–gynaecology and surgical gastroenterology departments were collected and analysed.Results: All the data collected was classified, analysed and assessed based on the various factors and the results were people between the age group of 41-50 have undergone more number of surgeries 22%. Only 32% of all the prescriptions were found to have poly pharmacy, classification of all the prescribed drugs shows that the anti biotics were prescribed in the maximum number i.e. 152doses. Parenteral type of formulation was given in high number of doses up to 506 doses. Defined daily doses of all the W. H. O essential drug list medications were done. W. H. O prescribing indicators for all the drugs in our study was also calculated.Conclusion: Our study concludes that the antibiotic drug therapy was used as prophylaxis to prevent the bacterial infection.