Recent Trends in the Development of Benzimidazole Hybrid Derivatives and Their Antimalarial Activities

A parasite of the Plasmodium species initiates malaria. The parasite is transmitted to communities through the bite of an infected mosquito. Malarial resistance towards the commonly used antimalarial agents is a genuine human health problem. Benzimidazole derivatives exhibit a wide range of antimalarial activities against Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) strain. The present review has summarized the antimalarial activity of benzimidazole hybrid derivatives and described its structural activity relationship (SAR) and quantitative structural-activity relationship (QSAR) model. A total of 14 papers were systematically reviewed. The literature survey has revealed that novel benzimidazole hybrid derivatives diminished the P. falciparum activity in the liver and gametocyte stages and inhibited heme synthesis and β-hematin formation. The QSAR models explain imminent antimalarial agent's growth through multiple linear regression (MLR) and artificial neural networks (ANN).

Use of Graph Based Descriptors for Determination of Structural Features Causing Modulation of Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphatase

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase performs a significant function in regulating the blood glucose level in type 2 diabetes by controlling the process gluconeogenesis. In this research work optimal descriptor (graph) based quantitative structural activity relationship studies of a set of 203 fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase has been performed with the help of Monte Carlo optimization. Distribution of compounds into different sets such as training set, invisible training set, calibration set and validation sets resulted in formation of splits. Statistical parameters obtained from quantitative structural activity relationship modeling were good for various designed splits. The statistical parameters such as R2 and Q2 for calibration and validation sets of best split developed were found to be 0.8338, 0.7908 & 0.7920 and 0.7036 respectively. Based on the results obtained for correlation weights, different structural attributes were described as promoters and demoters of the endpoint. Further these structural attributes were used in designing of new fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase inhibitors and molecular docking study was accomplished for the determination of interactions of designed molecules with the enzyme.