This chapter takes a deep dive into the intricacies of vocabulary and grammar that DHH children must understand and use. The chapter explores the depth and breadth of vocabulary, its abstract and concrete nature, content and function words, Theory of Mind language, super verbs, academic language, and decontextualized language, and provides a review of vocabulary programs. It describes how to teach grammatical structures, including grammatical morphemes and syntax, from exposure through production, focusing on supralexical chunks or word bundles. Finally, it explores such strategies as bootstrapping and syntactic priming. As with other chapters, it ends with discussion questions focusing on application of the strategies described with the students on the caseloads provided.