Type specimens of vascular plants in the herbarium of the National Institute of Biological Resources (KB) of the Republic of Korea

The article provides information on type specimens of 33 species (94 sheets) of vascular plants, kept in the herbarium of the National Institute of Biological Resources (KB) of the Republic of Korea. Most of the type specimens in KB were donated by the Herbaria of Ajou University (AJOU), Chonbuk National University (JNU), Chungbuk National University (CBU), Hallym University (HHU), Korea Plant Research Institute (KPRI), Seoul National University (SNU), and others in recent years. For all specimens, the type category is indicated. There were 15 sheets for holotypes, 57 sheets for isotypes, and 22 sheets for paratypes. There were seven species of Pteridophytes, 22 species of Dicotyledons, and four species of Monocotyledons. The most represented genera in the 33 species are Corydalis (seven species) and Isoetes (four species). The type specimens examined in this article belong to the taxa described by Korean botanists, Byoung-Un Oh, Byoung-Yoon Lee, Byung-Yun Sun, Chong-Wook Park, Hong-Keun Choi, Young-Dong Kim, and others.

Seleksi Bakteri Antagonis untuk Mengendalikan Layu Fusarium pada Tanaman Phalaenopsis

<p>ABSTRAK. Layu Fusarium merupakan penyakit penting yang menjadi kendala dalam memproduksi tanaman anggrek. Untuk mengendalikannya, petani masih menggunakan fungsida. Tanaman anggrek kerap ditampilkan sebagai hiasan yang dekat dengan lingkungan manusia, maka penggunaan pestisida perlu diperhatikan. Oleh karena itu sangat penting dicari cara pengendalian lainnya yang aman terhadap lingkungan, antara lain dengan pengendalian hayati. Tujuan penelitian ialah mendapatkan isolat bakteri antagonis yang dapat mengendalikan layu Fusarium pada tanaman Phalaenopsis. Percobaan dilakukan di Laboratorium dan Rumah Kasa Balai Penelitian Tanaman Hias Segunung (1100 m dpl.) serta untuk mikrob diisolasi dari lokasi tanaman hortikultura di Jawa Barat dan DKI Jakarta, mulai Bulan Januari sampai dengan Desember 2010. Penelitian meliputi isolasi Fusarium spp. sebagai patogen pada tanaman anggrek di beberapa lokasi, isolasi bakteri antagonis, uji kemangkusan bakteri terhadap pertumbuhan Fusarium spp. di laboratorium, dan uji kemangkusan bakteri antagonis terhadap layu Fusarium di rumah kasa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyebab layu Fusarium pada tanaman Phalaenopsis ialah Fusarium oxysporum. Dari 154 isolat bakteri yang diisolasi dari lapangan, hanya ada tiga isolat yaitu nomor B23, B 26, dan B37 yang dapat menekan pertumbuhan F. oxysporum pada media PDA. Sampai dengan pengamatan minggu ke-10 setelah inokulasi, ketiga bakteri tersebut masing-masing menekan jumlah tanaman yang terserang layu Fusarium, yaitu sebesar 46,9; 48,9; dan 65,3%, dan masing-masing menekan intensitas penyakit layu 50,5; 43,9; dan 55,1%.</p><p>ABSTRACT. Djatnika, I 2012. Selection of Antagonistic Bacteria for Controlling of Fusarium Wilt on Phalaenopsis Plants. Fusarium wilt is an important disease as constraint on production of orchid plants. The control of Fusarium wilt of orchids with fungicides often use by farmers. Orchid plants are often displayed as a decoration which is close to the human environment, so the application of pesticides have to get attention. It is therefore necessary to find another method that is safe for environments, such as using of biological control. The purpose of the study was to get isolates of bacterial antagonists for controlling of Fusarium wilt of Phalaenopsis plants. The experiment was conducted at Laboratory and Screenhouse of Indonesian Ornamental Plant Research Institute, Segunung (1100 m asl.) and the microbes were isolated from horticultural area in West Java and DKI Jakarta since January until December 2010. The research comprised of isolation of Fusarium spp. from orchid plants in some location, isolation of bacterial antagonists, the effectiveness of the bacteria to suppress Fusarium spp. growth in laboratory, and the effectiveness of the bacteria to control Fusarium wilt on Phalaenopsis plants in the screenhouse. The results showed that the causal Fusarium wilt of Phalaenopsis plants was identified as Fusarium oxysporum. Three of 154 isolates of bacteria, i.e. isolates number of B23, B26, and B37, could suppress of F. oxysporum growth on PDA media. Observation up to 10 weeks after inoculation, the three bacteria could reduce the number of plants attacked by Fusarium wilt , which were 46.9; 48.9; and 65.3% respectively, and each of them suppress wilt disease intensity 50.5, 43.9, and 55.1% respectively. <br /><br /></p>

Soil moisture modelling — conception and evolution of the VSMB

The Versatile Soil Moisture Budget (VSMB), including the background leading to its development in the "early days" meaning around 30 yr ago, is described. National and international efforts before that time created a healthy climate for the development of agrometeorology in Canada and the pioneering work in soil moisture and crop-weather modelling.Events in the early days leading to a concerted endeavour of soil moisture modelling included: (i) a small group of highly qualified professionals from different disciplines, as well as support staff, had been established under the guidance of a team leader at the then Plant Research Institute (PRI); ii) a Canada wide crop-weather study had produced daily climatological and crop data at nine Canada Department of Agriculture establishments over 10 yr (1953–1962); iii) a computer became available to PRI staff (IBM 1620 with 16K); and (v) several sub-models providing the necessary input to the soil moisture model were at various stages of development (e.g. the "latent" evaporation and the biometeorological time scale sub-models).This paper presents an overview of the development of the VSMB using standard climatological data for generating daily soil moisture estimates under crops. Its concept, design and widespread applications in Canada and abroad are discussed. A more detailed analysis is left to the other presentations at this Symposium. Key words: Soil moisture, modelling, applications

Fusicladium veronicae (Batista), comb. nov., causing Brown Leaf Blight of Parahebe species

In Victoria, continuing surveys of leaf pathogens of native Australian plants of value in ornamental horticulture have yielded a wide range of new or poorly known microfungi. Two of these have been formally described, Tandonella oleariae on Olearia spp. (Sutton and Pascoe 1987) and Pseudocercospora correae on Correa spp. (Sutton et al. 1987). A species of dematiaceous hyphomycete causing a severe blight on leaves of Parahebe perfoliata (R.Br.) B. Briggs & Ehrend. has been repeatedly collected from the Plant Research Institute Gardens, Burnley and elsewhere in Victoria. So devastating is the disease that few nurserymen have persisted in retaining the plant as a commercially viable option. The same fungus has also been found on leaves of Parahebe formosa where the symptoms are much less severe. Attempts to determine the identity of the causal organism show that few fungi have been reported from Parahebe. One of these, Ramalia veronicae Batista (1957), was described from Veronica derwentiae Littley (a synonym of Parahebe derwentiana (Andr.) Briggs & Ehrend.) as a hyperparasite of Parasterina veronicae (Lib.) Bat. and Asteromella veronicae (Desm.) Arn. Examination of the holotype of R. veronicae (DAR 3568) shows that it is not a hyperparasite on the other fungi but occurs mixed with them on stems, petioles and leaves of the host. R. veronicae is conspecific with the fungus causing disease on Parahebe perfoliata and P. formosa and thus provides a binomial for this fungus.