visual field testing
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2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannick Sauer ◽  
Alexandra Sipatchin ◽  
Siegfried Wahl ◽  
Miguel García García

AbstractVirtual reality as a research environment has seen a boost in its popularity during the last decades. Not only the usage fields for this technology have broadened, but also a research niche has appeared as the hardware improved and became more affordable. Experiments in vision research are constructed upon the basis of accurately displaying stimuli with a specific position and size. For classical screen setups, viewing distance and pixel position on the screen define the perceived position for subjects in a relatively precise fashion. However, projection fidelity in HMDs strongly depends on eye and face physiological parameters. This study introduces an inexpensive method to measure the perceived field of view and its dependence upon the eye position and the interpupillary distance, using a super wide angle camera. Measurements of multiple consumer VR headsets show that manufacturers’ claims regarding field of view of their HMDs are mostly unrealistic. Additionally, we performed a “Goldmann” perimetry test in VR to obtain subjective results as a validation of the objective camera measurements. Based on this novel data, the applicability of these devices to test humans’ field of view was evaluated.


2022 ◽  
pp. 67-85
Author(s):  
Jacky K. W. Kong

Visual fields in the pediatric population are an essential part of the eye exam that remain challenging to even the most experienced clinicians. Becoming educated in the multiple ways a child's visual field can be tested regardless of age and cognitive and physical abilities will allow the clinician to gain better insight into the child's function and in some cases, allow the clinician to identify pathological or neurological anomalies in the visual pathway. Gross visual field or functional visual field extent can be estimated by tests such as confrontation visual field testing, finger counting field testing, and white sphere kinetic perimetry. For threshold measurements of a child's visual fields, the Goldmann perimeter, or the more advanced computerized tests such as the Humphrey perimeter, Octopus perimeter, or frequency doubling technology perimeter can be used. Modifications can be made to certain tests to better suit the child's cognitive and physical abilities. The chapter covers different methods of visual field testing specific for the pediatric population.


2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
E. Mermeklieva ◽  
P. Vasileva

Abstract Aim: To present a rare clinical case of X-linked retinoschisis, confirmed clinically, electrophysiologically and genetically. Material and methods: A 12-year-old boy underwent detailed ophthalmic examination including fundus photography, full-field, multifocal and pattern electroretinography, visual field testing, optical coherence tomography, which established the clinical diagnosis, confirmed also genetically. Results: The clinical findings included a slight loss of vision, central and paracentral scotomas, a characteristic spoke-wheel pattern appearance of the macula in fundoscopy and the pathognomic appearance of splitting of the retinal layers in the macula with foveal schisis with cystic spaces on OCT. Reduced cone and rod ERG responds were detected with the characteristic decreasing of b-ware near the isoelectric line. The genetic analysis found that the patient was hemizygous for the missense mutation c.598G>A (p.Arg200Cys) of RS1 gene, coming from his asymptomatic mother. Conclusion: The comprehensive clinical, electrophysiological and genetic testing of patients with rare hereditary retinal dystrophies is essential for the correct diagnosis and the choice of therapeutic approach.


2021 ◽  
pp. 813-820
Author(s):  
Jacqueline A. Leavitt

Visual field testing is an important part of the assessment of the afferent visual system. This chapter reviews the clinical process of visual field evaluation and the localization of lesions that affect the visual system. The visual field can be thought of as an island with an outer edge beyond which one cannot see and with an elevated center. The normal extent of the peripheral field of vision from the center is 90° to 100° temporally, 75° inferiorly, and 60° nasally and superiorly. Visual fields are subjective and should be considered only 1 part of the examination of the visual pathways.


Author(s):  
Vasanth Muthusamy ◽  
Andrew Turpin ◽  
Bao N. Nguyen ◽  
Jonathan Denniss ◽  
Allison M. McKendrick

2021 ◽  
pp. 247412642110342
Author(s):  
Saagar A. Pandit ◽  
Archana A. Nair ◽  
Nitish Mehta ◽  
Greg D. Lee ◽  
K. Bailey Freund ◽  
...  

Purpose: To describe delayed detection of pericentral hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) toxicity. Methods: 67-year-old Dominican woman with rheumatoid arthritis on HCQ presented for examination. Results: Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) demonstrated bilateral cystoid macular edema with parafoveal attenuation of the external limiting membrane (ELM) and the ellipsoid zone (EZ). ELM and EZ disruption was present in inferior macula. While subtle superior defects were present on 10-2 visual fields, superior pericentral defects were noted on 24-2 testing. Hyperautofluorescence along inferior arcades corresponded to SD-OCT and visual fields. Examination 2 years prior demonstrated nonspecific points of depression on 10-2 visual fields and normal central SD-OCT findings. EZ and ELM disruption was present in the perifoveal inferior macula. Conclusions: Early pericentral distribution of HCQ toxicity is not limited to Asian patients. Detecting pericentral HCQ toxicity involves reviewing entire macular cube on OCT. When OCT changes are suspected on parafoveal OCT B-scans, visual field testing with 24-2 may be more sensitive than 10-2.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 3452
Author(s):  
Sze H. Wong ◽  
James C. Tsai

Telehealth has become a viable option for glaucoma screening and glaucoma monitoring due to advances in technology. The ability to measure intraocular pressure without an anesthetic and to take optic nerve photographs without pharmacologic pupillary dilation using portable equipment have allowed glaucoma screening programs to generate enough data for assessment. At home, patients can perform visual acuity testing, web-based visual field testing, rebound tonometry, and video visits with the physician to monitor for glaucomatous progression. Artificial intelligence will enhance the accuracy of data interpretation and inspire confidence in popularizing telehealth for glaucoma.


2021 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 2486-2494
Author(s):  
Moustafa Kamal Nassar ◽  
Hany Ahmed Khairy ◽  
Sameh Mohamed El Gohary ◽  
Ahmed Mohamed Fawzy Deif

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